大型動力離心機設計理論與關鍵技術研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-15 09:52
【摘要】：按照裝備振動臺與否，土工離心機大致可分為靜力試驗離心機和動力試驗離心機（也稱離心機振動臺）兩大類，本文將后者簡稱為動力離心機。動力離心機（Dynamic Centrifuge）是目前國際公認研究巖土地震工程和土動力學最先進、最有效的科學試驗平臺，而我國僅擁有數(shù)臺輔助建設的中小型動力離心機設備，且主要技術指標與國際存在很大差距。國內(nèi)大型動力離心機則為空白，這與我國遼闊的地域、復雜的工程地質條件、高速發(fā)展的經(jīng)濟建設以及嚴峻的地震形勢十分不相稱。大型動力離心機系統(tǒng)十分復雜而龐大，涉及技術多，成功經(jīng)驗少，建設過程具有問題多、難度大、歷時長、花費高等特點。全球僅有兩臺大型動力離心機，且自建設后一直不斷改進，其中UC Davis大型動力離心機建設周期累計長達16年。國際當前動力離心機研制技術和試驗技術均不成熟，尚處于初級發(fā)展階段，而國內(nèi)對大型動力離心機的認識僅限于指標和功能的了解，缺乏系統(tǒng)的關鍵技術和設計理論研究。 本文以國內(nèi)對大型動力離心機的迫切需要為背景，以工程力學研究所DCIEM-40-300大型動力離心機建設為藍本，就大型動力離心機的設計理論和關鍵技術展開研究，確定關鍵技術和設計難點，剖析主要難點和關鍵問題，對其中關鍵問題進行系統(tǒng)地分析、建模、推導、計算和驗證。完成的主要工作和成果如下： 1.詳細總結了國內(nèi)外動力離心機及土工離心機發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀，提出了兩者性能評價指標差異和規(guī)模劃分標準；闡述了動力離心機研制技術和試驗技術當前研究進展，指出了國內(nèi)動力離心機發(fā)展的重點方向與趨勢；提出了中國地震局工程力學研究所DCIEM-40-300大型動力離心機設計指標，闡明了其總體規(guī)模和功能特點。 2.密切跟蹤國際相關技術最新發(fā)展，剖析了國際上僅有的UC Davis和PWRI兩臺大型動力離心機設備建設經(jīng)驗、結構組成和設計方法；分析了大型動力離心機系統(tǒng)各部分的機械結構、運動約束及功能條件的內(nèi)在影響和制約；確定了四個子系統(tǒng)的關鍵技術、設計重點和難點，指出了離心振動臺是整個系統(tǒng)的研制核心。 3.針對大型動力離心機的研制核心，深入研究高振動容量和高振動負載下離心振動臺設計的新問題和主要難點，引進融合國際最新技術，提出了大型離心振動臺整體和主要部件的總設計新方法與基本理論；以DCIEM-40-300大型動力離心機設計指標為樣本，提出了設計思路與基本方法，給出了主要部件結構、參數(shù)確定和元件選型，計算了負載特性及安全校核；建立和求解了等效吊籃質量計算模型和公式。 4.以大型離心振動臺總體設計方法為基礎，分等級建立和求解了三種離心振動臺動力分析模型和傳遞函數(shù)，給出了三類不同設計條件下離心振動臺液壓機構基本動力特性；以DCIEM-40-300設計指標為樣本，利用求解出的傳遞函數(shù)，分析了吊籃主要參數(shù)對離心振動臺動力性能的影響規(guī)律，提出了改進離心振動臺動力性能的設計方法。 5.建立了離心振動臺與吊籃伺服控制動力仿真模型，研究了離心振動臺三參數(shù)反饋//輸入伺服控制設計方法，提出了最佳參數(shù)求解標準；給出了動力離心試驗功能要求下，現(xiàn)有伺服控制理論拓展液壓系統(tǒng)頻寬和提高穩(wěn)定性的最大能力，探討了大型離心振動臺電液伺服控制系統(tǒng)設計的優(yōu)化方法。 6.研究了試驗數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)環(huán)境條件、功能要求及傳感器設計問題，提出了一種多信號類型、不等數(shù)量線制、多通道復用式的大型動力離心試驗數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)設計方法；研究了理想條件下試驗模型箱的設計要求，給出了多種結構型式，提出了一套柔性剪切模型箱設計新方法和基本理論；提出了試驗圖像采集系統(tǒng)基本設計要求和總體設計方法。 7.研究了設備總體結構布局方法和土建設計關鍵問題；分析了設備基礎荷載條件和發(fā)生方式，建立了大型動力離心機基礎振動分析模型和計算方法，提出了DCIEM-40-300基礎設計方案；建立了風阻功率的計算模型，推導出了其解析計算公式，提出了便于工程應用的簡化計算方法，解釋了主機室空氣運動的內(nèi)在機理。
[Abstract]:According to the equipment vibration table or not, the geotechnical centrifuge can be divided into two categories: static test centrifuge and dynamic test centrifuge (also known as centrifuge vibration table). The latter is referred to as the power centrifuge. Dynamic Centrifuge is the most advanced and most effective scientific test platform for geotechnical engineering and soil dynamics at present, and China only has a number of small and medium-sized dynamic centrifuge equipment with auxiliary construction, and the main technical index and international have a great gap. The domestic large-scale dynamic centrifuge is blank, which is not commensurate with the vast territory of China, the complex engineering geological conditions, the economic construction of high-speed development and the severe earthquake situation. The large-scale dynamic centrifuge system is very complex and large, involving more technology and less successful experience, and the construction process has the characteristics of many problems, great difficulty, long duration, high cost and the like. There are only two large-scale power centrifuges in the world, and it has been continuously improved since the construction, in which the construction period of the UC Davis large-scale power centrifuge is up to 16 years. The development technology and test technology of the international current dynamic centrifuge are not mature and are still in the primary stage of development, and the understanding of the large-scale dynamic centrifuge in China is limited to the understanding of the index and function, the lack of the key technology of the system and the research of the design theory. In this paper, based on the urgent need of large-scale dynamic centrifuge in China, the research on the design theory and key technology of the large-scale dynamic centrifuge is carried out by the DCIEM-40-300 large-scale dynamic centrifuge of the Institute of Engineering Mechanics, and the key technology and design difficulty are determined. The key problems and key problems are analyzed, and the key problems are analyzed, modeled, derived, calculated and verified. A. The main work and results of the completion, such as The development of the dynamic centrifuge and the geotechnical centrifuge at home and abroad is summarized in detail. The difference of the performance evaluation index and the scale division standard are put forward, and the current research and development technology and test technology of the dynamic centrifuge are described. The main direction and trend of the development of domestic dynamic centrifuge are pointed out, and the design index of DCIEM-40-300 large-scale dynamic centrifuge of the Institute of Engineering and Mechanics of China Seismological Bureau is put forward, and its overall scale and work are set out. Features. 2. closely follow the latest development of relevant international technology, and analyze the construction experience, structure and design method of only two large-scale dynamic centrifuge equipment of UC Davis and PWRI in the world, and analyze the parts of large-scale power centrifuge system The internal influence and restriction of the mechanical structure, the movement restriction and the functional condition of the four subsystems are determined, the key technology, the design focus and the difficulty of the four subsystems are determined, and it is pointed out that the centrifugal vibration table is the whole system Based on the research and development of large-scale dynamic centrifuge, the new problems and main difficulties in the design of the centrifugal vibration table under high vibration capacity and high vibration load are studied. Based on the latest technology of the international, a new method and basic theory of the general design of the whole and main parts of the large-scale centrifugal vibration table are put forward, and the design idea and the basic method are put forward based on the design index of the DCIEM-40-300 large-scale dynamic centrifuge, and the structure and parameters of the main components are given. The load characteristic and safety check are calculated and the equivalent hanging basket mass is established and solved. Calculation model and formula. 4. Based on the general design method of large-scale centrifugal vibration table, three kinds of centrifugal vibration table dynamic analysis model and transfer function are established and solved, and the basic dynamic characteristics of the hydraulic mechanism of the centrifugal vibrating table under three different design conditions are given. 00. The influence of the main parameters of the gondola on the dynamic performance of the centrifugal vibration table was analyzed by using the calculated transfer function. The improved centrifugal vibration table was put forward. The design method of dynamic performance is established. 5. The simulation model of the centrifugal vibration table and the servo control of the gondola is established, and the design method of the three-parameter feedback and/ or input servo control of the centrifugal vibration table is studied, and the best parameter solving standard is put forward. Under the function of dynamic centrifugal test, the existing servo control theory expands the maximum capacity of the hydraulic system and improves the stability, and discusses the electro-hydraulic servo of the large-scale centrifugal vibration table. The optimization method of the control system design. 6. The environmental conditions, functional requirements and sensor design problems of the test data acquisition system are studied. A multi-signal type, unequal number line system and a multi-channel multiplex type large-scale power separation system are proposed. The design method of the data acquisition system of the heart test is studied, the design requirements of the test model box under the ideal conditions are studied, and a set of new methods and basic theories for the design of a flexible shear model box are put forward. The test image acquisition system is put forward. The basic design requirements and the overall design method. 7. The overall structure layout method of the equipment and the key problems of the civil engineering design are studied, the basic load condition and the method of the equipment are analyzed, the basic vibration analysis model and the calculation method of the large-scale dynamic centrifuge are established, and the basic design of the DCEM-40-300 is put forward. The calculation model of wind resistance power is established, its analytical formula is derived, and the simplified calculation method for engineering application is put forward.
【學位授予單位】：中國地震局工程力學研究所
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU415
本文編號：2380441
[Abstract]:According to the equipment vibration table or not, the geotechnical centrifuge can be divided into two categories: static test centrifuge and dynamic test centrifuge (also known as centrifuge vibration table). The latter is referred to as the power centrifuge. Dynamic Centrifuge is the most advanced and most effective scientific test platform for geotechnical engineering and soil dynamics at present, and China only has a number of small and medium-sized dynamic centrifuge equipment with auxiliary construction, and the main technical index and international have a great gap. The domestic large-scale dynamic centrifuge is blank, which is not commensurate with the vast territory of China, the complex engineering geological conditions, the economic construction of high-speed development and the severe earthquake situation. The large-scale dynamic centrifuge system is very complex and large, involving more technology and less successful experience, and the construction process has the characteristics of many problems, great difficulty, long duration, high cost and the like. There are only two large-scale power centrifuges in the world, and it has been continuously improved since the construction, in which the construction period of the UC Davis large-scale power centrifuge is up to 16 years. The development technology and test technology of the international current dynamic centrifuge are not mature and are still in the primary stage of development, and the understanding of the large-scale dynamic centrifuge in China is limited to the understanding of the index and function, the lack of the key technology of the system and the research of the design theory. In this paper, based on the urgent need of large-scale dynamic centrifuge in China, the research on the design theory and key technology of the large-scale dynamic centrifuge is carried out by the DCIEM-40-300 large-scale dynamic centrifuge of the Institute of Engineering Mechanics, and the key technology and design difficulty are determined. The key problems and key problems are analyzed, and the key problems are analyzed, modeled, derived, calculated and verified. A. The main work and results of the completion, such as The development of the dynamic centrifuge and the geotechnical centrifuge at home and abroad is summarized in detail. The difference of the performance evaluation index and the scale division standard are put forward, and the current research and development technology and test technology of the dynamic centrifuge are described. The main direction and trend of the development of domestic dynamic centrifuge are pointed out, and the design index of DCIEM-40-300 large-scale dynamic centrifuge of the Institute of Engineering and Mechanics of China Seismological Bureau is put forward, and its overall scale and work are set out. Features. 2. closely follow the latest development of relevant international technology, and analyze the construction experience, structure and design method of only two large-scale dynamic centrifuge equipment of UC Davis and PWRI in the world, and analyze the parts of large-scale power centrifuge system The internal influence and restriction of the mechanical structure, the movement restriction and the functional condition of the four subsystems are determined, the key technology, the design focus and the difficulty of the four subsystems are determined, and it is pointed out that the centrifugal vibration table is the whole system Based on the research and development of large-scale dynamic centrifuge, the new problems and main difficulties in the design of the centrifugal vibration table under high vibration capacity and high vibration load are studied. Based on the latest technology of the international, a new method and basic theory of the general design of the whole and main parts of the large-scale centrifugal vibration table are put forward, and the design idea and the basic method are put forward based on the design index of the DCIEM-40-300 large-scale dynamic centrifuge, and the structure and parameters of the main components are given. The load characteristic and safety check are calculated and the equivalent hanging basket mass is established and solved. Calculation model and formula. 4. Based on the general design method of large-scale centrifugal vibration table, three kinds of centrifugal vibration table dynamic analysis model and transfer function are established and solved, and the basic dynamic characteristics of the hydraulic mechanism of the centrifugal vibrating table under three different design conditions are given. 00. The influence of the main parameters of the gondola on the dynamic performance of the centrifugal vibration table was analyzed by using the calculated transfer function. The improved centrifugal vibration table was put forward. The design method of dynamic performance is established. 5. The simulation model of the centrifugal vibration table and the servo control of the gondola is established, and the design method of the three-parameter feedback and/ or input servo control of the centrifugal vibration table is studied, and the best parameter solving standard is put forward. Under the function of dynamic centrifugal test, the existing servo control theory expands the maximum capacity of the hydraulic system and improves the stability, and discusses the electro-hydraulic servo of the large-scale centrifugal vibration table. The optimization method of the control system design. 6. The environmental conditions, functional requirements and sensor design problems of the test data acquisition system are studied. A multi-signal type, unequal number line system and a multi-channel multiplex type large-scale power separation system are proposed. The design method of the data acquisition system of the heart test is studied, the design requirements of the test model box under the ideal conditions are studied, and a set of new methods and basic theories for the design of a flexible shear model box are put forward. The test image acquisition system is put forward. The basic design requirements and the overall design method. 7. The overall structure layout method of the equipment and the key problems of the civil engineering design are studied, the basic load condition and the method of the equipment are analyzed, the basic vibration analysis model and the calculation method of the large-scale dynamic centrifuge are established, and the basic design of the DCEM-40-300 is put forward. The calculation model of wind resistance power is established, its analytical formula is derived, and the simplified calculation method for engineering application is put forward.
【學位授予單位】：中國地震局工程力學研究所
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU415
【參考文獻】
相關期刊論文 前10條
1 林明,王新倫,馮曉軍,趙玉虎,馮英偉;60-gt土工離心機電氣系統(tǒng)設計[J];兵工自動化;2004年01期
2 劉晶波;劉祥慶;王宗綱;;離心機振動臺試驗疊環(huán)式模型箱邊界效應[J];北京工業(yè)大學學報;2008年09期
3 侯瑜京;LXJ-4-450 土工離心機在巖土工程中的應用[J];北京水利;1998年05期
4 王永志;袁曉銘;孫銳;;CSIEM-40-300大型振動離心機的設想與關鍵技術[J];長江科學院院報;2012年04期
5 包承綱,饒錫保;土工離心模型的試驗原理[J];長江科學院院報;1998年02期
6 吳建平;顧堯章;余祖國;;砂雨法成型中影響試樣密度的因素[J];大壩觀測與土工測試;1990年03期
7 謝欣;;大型土工離心機數(shù)據(jù)采集與監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)研制[J];大壩觀測與土工測試;1992年04期
8 白冰,周健;土工離心模型試驗技術的一些進展[J];大壩觀測與土工測試;2001年01期
9 蘇棟;李相菘;;砂土自由場地震響應的離心機試驗研究[J];地震工程與工程振動;2006年02期
10 郭迅;;地震工程試驗聯(lián)網(wǎng)最新進展[J];地震工程與工程振動;2006年04期
相關博士學位論文 前1條
1 關廣豐;液壓驅動六自由度振動試驗系統(tǒng)控制策略研究[D];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學;2007年
相關碩士學位論文 前2條
1 馬軍輝;吊籃剛度對離心機振動臺控制特性的影響[D];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學;2011年
2 王永志;振動離心機系統(tǒng)工作原理與初步設計[D];中國地震局工程力學研究所;2010年
，本文編號：2380441
本文鏈接：http://www.sikaile.net/kejilunwen/sgjslw/2380441.html
