【摘要】：邊坡巖體通常含有大量不同尺度、分布復(fù)雜的結(jié)構(gòu)面,這些結(jié)構(gòu)面導(dǎo)致了巖體的各向異性,忽略其各向異性將與實(shí)際有較大偏差。對(duì)于極其復(fù)雜的巖體結(jié)構(gòu),在實(shí)際巖體工程分析中,通常需要抓住影響巖體變形和破壞的主要因素,通過(guò)一定科學(xué)方法研究其宏觀力學(xué)特征。為了探討節(jié)理分布對(duì)邊坡力學(xué)特征的影響規(guī)律,本文基于等效連續(xù)介質(zhì)模型,將節(jié)理巖體等效為各向異性彈塑性體,建立各向異性滲流-應(yīng)力耦合模型,通過(guò)數(shù)值模擬研究考慮節(jié)理巖體各向異性的邊坡力學(xué)特征,并結(jié)合工程實(shí)例進(jìn)行分析。論文的主要研究工作及主要結(jié)論如下：1.概述了工程巖體質(zhì)量分級(jí)、巖體參數(shù)確定及數(shù)值計(jì)算模型的研究現(xiàn)狀,分析了目前工程應(yīng)用中存在的主要問(wèn)題,并確定了本文的研究思路和研究?jī)?nèi)容。2.假設(shè)節(jié)理巖體存在一個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì)節(jié)理方向,建立了平面應(yīng)變問(wèn)題下,各向異性巖體滲流-應(yīng)力耦合模型,并提出了基于COMSOL有限元分析軟件的邊坡力學(xué)特征數(shù)值計(jì)算方法。通過(guò)數(shù)值模擬分析了考慮節(jié)理巖體各向異性的邊坡應(yīng)力場(chǎng)、位移場(chǎng)和滲流場(chǎng)等分布特征,并根據(jù)各向同性莫爾庫(kù)倫和最大拉應(yīng)力破壞準(zhǔn)則,研究了邊坡?lián)p傷破壞規(guī)律。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),優(yōu)勢(shì)節(jié)理方向?qū)吰铝W(xué)特征起控制作用,在進(jìn)行巖體力學(xué)分析時(shí)不能忽略其各向異性。3.以撫順西露天礦南幫為例,通過(guò)室內(nèi)巖石力學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)、現(xiàn)場(chǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)面測(cè)試及滲透試驗(yàn),采用節(jié)理巖體網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型,考慮巖體REV尺寸效應(yīng),綜合確定了巖體變形和滲透參數(shù),實(shí)現(xiàn)了工程巖體參數(shù)表征；建立了西露天礦南幫E1200剖面各向異性數(shù)值模型,通過(guò)數(shù)值模擬與傳統(tǒng)各向同性模型進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析。結(jié)果表明：各向異性模型計(jì)算的潛水面更接近實(shí)際,且損傷演化規(guī)律與實(shí)際吻合較好；各向同性模型計(jì)算結(jié)果與實(shí)際有較大偏差,即各向異性模型具有良好的工程應(yīng)用前景。4.進(jìn)行了三維邊坡力學(xué)特征初探。以某露天礦邊坡為背景,建立了層狀巖體邊坡三維橫觀各向同性模型,引入三維Hoffman各向異性破壞準(zhǔn)則,對(duì)不同巖層傾角下三維邊坡?lián)p傷區(qū)進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),順傾層狀邊坡更容易發(fā)生整體性損傷破壞,反傾層狀邊坡多存在小范圍局部損傷,整體相對(duì)穩(wěn)定。
[Abstract]:Slope rock mass usually contains a large number of structural planes with different scales and complex distribution, which leads to the anisotropy of rock mass, and neglecting the anisotropy of rock mass will deviate greatly from the actual situation. For the extremely complex rock mass structure, in the actual rock mass engineering analysis, it is usually necessary to grasp the main factors that affect the deformation and failure of the rock mass, and to study the macroscopic mechanical characteristics of the rock mass by a certain scientific method. In order to study the influence of joint distribution on the mechanical characteristics of slope, the coupling model of anisotropic percolation and stress is established based on the equivalent continuum medium model, and the jointed rock mass is equivalent to anisotropic elastoplastic body. The mechanical characteristics of slope considering anisotropy of jointed rock mass are studied by numerical simulation. The main research work and main conclusions are as follows: 1. This paper summarizes the research status of engineering rock mass quality classification, rock mass parameter determination and numerical calculation model, analyzes the main problems existing in engineering application at present, and determines the research ideas and contents of this paper. Assuming that there is a dominant joint direction in jointed rock mass, a coupling model of seepage and stress for anisotropic rock mass under plane strain problem is established, and a numerical calculation method of slope mechanical characteristics based on COMSOL finite element analysis software is proposed. The distribution characteristics of slope stress field, displacement field and seepage field considering anisotropy of jointed rock mass are analyzed by numerical simulation. The damage and failure law of slope is studied according to isotropic Mohr-Coulomb and maximum tensile stress failure criterion. It is found that the dominant joint direction controls the mechanical characteristics of the slope and the anisotropy of the rock mass can not be neglected in the analysis of rock mass mechanics. Taking the south side of Fushun West Open-pit Mine as an example, the deformation and permeability parameters of rock mass are determined synthetically by indoor rock mechanics experiment, field structure plane test and permeability test, using jointed rock mass network model and considering the REV size effect of rock mass. The parameter representation of engineering rock mass is realized, and the anisotropic numerical model of E1200 section of the south side of west opencast mine is established, and the comparison between the numerical simulation and the traditional isotropic model is carried out. The results show that the phreatic surface calculated by the anisotropic model is closer to the reality and the damage evolution law is in good agreement with the actual situation, and the calculation result of the isotropic model is quite different from the actual one, that is, the anisotropic model has a good prospect of engineering application. The mechanical characteristics of three-dimensional slope were studied. A three-dimensional transversely isotropic model of layered rock slope is established based on an opencast slope, and the three-dimensional Hoffman anisotropic failure criterion is introduced to simulate the three dimensional slope damage zone with different dip angles. It is found that the downdip stratified slope is more prone to global damage and the reverse layer slope usually has a small area of local damage and the whole is relatively stable.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU45

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