本文關(guān)鍵詞： 綠色建筑 光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng) 太陽能電池組件 直流匯線箱 并網(wǎng)逆變器　出處：《湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：為提高城市形象，各城市建筑使用景觀照明浪費大量電網(wǎng)電能的現(xiàn)狀；以及面對化石燃料的逐漸枯竭和人類生態(tài)環(huán)境的日益惡化，尋找新能源成為當(dāng)前人類面臨的迫切課題。綠色建筑應(yīng)該鼓勵在經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)適宜的條件下，充分利用以太陽能為代表的可再生能源，減少電力系統(tǒng)的負(fù)擔(dān)，是選寫此篇論文的目的。 在中國移動深圳信息大廈選用間接轉(zhuǎn)換并網(wǎng)型(不帶蓄電池儲能)光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的方式,由光伏發(fā)電與市電通過光伏逆變器同時向負(fù)載供電的系統(tǒng)。在晚上或陰雨天，光伏方陣發(fā)出的電力不足時，由電網(wǎng)通過光伏逆變器向負(fù)載供電；保證負(fù)載得到穩(wěn)定的電力供應(yīng)。該系統(tǒng)為大廈“自發(fā)自用”的光伏發(fā)電配電系統(tǒng)就近供給用電負(fù)荷,是本工程的設(shè)計要點。 太陽能光伏建筑一體化BIPV（Building Integrated Photovoltaics），是應(yīng)用太陽能發(fā)電的一種新概念，簡單地講就是將太陽能光伏發(fā)電陣列安裝在建筑的維護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)外表面來提供電力。由于光伏陣列與建筑的結(jié)合不占用額外的地面空間，是光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)在城市中廣泛應(yīng)用的最佳安裝方式，因而倍受關(guān)注[2]。 光伏與建筑的結(jié)合形式一般有下列幾種：一是光伏與墻面結(jié)合；二是光伏與屋頂結(jié)合；三是光伏與遮陽結(jié)合；四是光伏與圍欄結(jié)合。本工程光伏陣列與建筑的結(jié)合主要采用光電幕墻的形式,是本工程的設(shè)計要點。 在該大廈早期的光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)方案中也曾考慮過使用新型的鎳氫電池組儲能的并網(wǎng)方式供電。即采用“帶電池儲能、直接轉(zhuǎn)換并網(wǎng)型光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)”。其特點是在負(fù)載側(cè)不引起電力波動、保證負(fù)載得到穩(wěn)定的電力供應(yīng)，要采用帶電池儲能方案(一般用在農(nóng)村、海島上較合適)。 但由于考慮滿足3天陰雨天氣情況下用電負(fù)荷連續(xù)供電的安裝容量要求，鎳氫電池的安裝面積占用空間較大，且鎳氫電池有一定的使用壽命，回收電池會污染環(huán)境，，不屬環(huán)保產(chǎn)品，以及考慮初期建設(shè)投資和維護(hù)費用造價將會增加等因數(shù)。為建設(shè)綠色建筑，最終將光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)設(shè)計方案優(yōu)化為目前“不帶電池儲能、間接轉(zhuǎn)換并網(wǎng)型光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)”。既經(jīng)濟(jì)合理，又安全可靠，且維護(hù)管理方便；這也是本工程設(shè)計結(jié)論。 本文介紹該大廈光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)主要電氣設(shè)備的配置、系統(tǒng)的并網(wǎng)方式、系統(tǒng)的配電設(shè)計、防雷設(shè)計，以及光伏組件串并聯(lián)個數(shù)的計算、并網(wǎng)逆變器的配置應(yīng)考慮溫度對光伏組件電性能的影響等問題。
[Abstract]:In order to improve the image of the city, the current situation of using landscape lighting to waste a large amount of power grid power in urban buildings; In the face of the depletion of fossil fuels and the worsening of human ecological environment, the search for new energy has become an urgent issue facing mankind. Green buildings should be encouraged under the conditions of economic and technological suitability. The purpose of this paper is to make full use of renewable energy, which is represented by solar energy, and reduce the burden of power system. In China Mobile Shenzhen Information Building, the mode of indirect conversion and grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system (without storage energy storage battery) is chosen. A system in which photovoltaic power is fed simultaneously to the load through a photovoltaic inverter. In the evening or rainy days, the grid supplies power to the load through a photovoltaic inverter when the power generated by the photovoltaic array is insufficient; It is the key point of the design of this project to ensure the stable power supply of the load. The system supplies the power load to the photovoltaic power distribution system for the "spontaneous self-use" of the building. Solar photovoltaic building integration BIPV(Building Integrated Photovoltaics is a new concept of solar power generation. Simply put, solar photovoltaic arrays are installed on the outer surface of the building's maintenance structure to provide electricity. The combination of the photovoltaic array and the building does not take up additional ground space. It is the best installation method for photovoltaic power generation system widely used in cities, so it has attracted much attention. [2]. The combination of photovoltaic and building generally has the following forms: one is the combination of photovoltaic and wall; Second, the combination of photovoltaic and roof; Third, the combination of photovoltaic and sunshade; The combination of photovoltaic array and building is mainly in the form of photovoltaic curtain wall, which is the main design point of the project. In the early years of the building's photovoltaic system, consideration was given to the use of a new type of grid-connected Ni-MH battery to store energy, that is, "with a battery for energy storage." Direct conversion grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system ". Its characteristics are that the load side does not cause power fluctuations, to ensure a stable power supply to the load, the use of battery energy storage scheme (generally used in rural areas). The island is more suitable. However, considering to meet the installation capacity requirements of continuous power supply under three days of rainy weather, the installation area of Ni-MH battery occupies a large space, and the Ni-MH battery has a certain service life. Recycling batteries pollute the environment, are not environmentally friendly products, and consider that initial construction investment and maintenance costs will increase for the construction of green buildings. Finally, the design scheme of photovoltaic power generation system is optimized as "no energy storage, indirect conversion and grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system", which is economical, safe and reliable, and easy to maintain and manage. This is also the conclusion of the project design. This paper introduces the configuration of the main electrical equipment of the photovoltaic power generation system of the building, the way of connecting the system to the grid, the distribution design of the system, the lightning protection design, and the calculation of the number of the photovoltaic components in series-parallel connection. The influence of temperature on the electrical performance of PV module should be considered in the configuration of grid-connected inverter.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU851;TU18

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