【摘要】：軌道扣件缺失檢測是鐵路日常巡檢的一項(xiàng)重要內(nèi)容,結(jié)合現(xiàn)代化鐵路對(duì)自動(dòng)化檢測技術(shù)的實(shí)時(shí)性和自適應(yīng)性要求,提出了一種基于機(jī)器視覺的軌道扣件缺失實(shí)時(shí)檢測方法.為了應(yīng)對(duì)環(huán)境光線的干擾,設(shè)計(jì)了遮光罩加LED輔助光源的圖像采集裝置,利用開關(guān)型中值濾波和基于圖像梯度幅值的改進(jìn)Canny邊緣檢測方法,對(duì)扣件邊緣特征進(jìn)行自適應(yīng)圖像增強(qiáng).結(jié)合扣件彈條穩(wěn)定的內(nèi)外邊緣輪廓特征,利用基于曲線特征投影的模板匹配實(shí)現(xiàn)了扣件缺失的實(shí)時(shí)檢測.經(jīng)過實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,平均每幀圖像的處理時(shí)間為245.61ms,平均正確識(shí)別率為85.8%,且該方法具有一定的自適應(yīng)性,最高支持3.82m/s的推行速度,可滿足對(duì)實(shí)際運(yùn)營線路進(jìn)行扣件缺失實(shí)時(shí)檢測的需求.
[Abstract]:Rail fastener missing detection is an important part of railway routine inspection. According to the real-time and adaptive requirements of modern railway automatic detection technology, a real-time detection method based on machine vision for rail fastener missing is proposed. In order to deal with the interference of environmental light, an image acquisition device with mask and LED auxiliary light source is designed. The method of edge detection based on the image gradient is improved by using the switching median filter and the improved Canny edge detection method based on the gradient amplitude of the image. The edge feature of fastener is enhanced by adaptive image enhancement. Combined with the inner and outer edge contour features of fastener elastic strip, the template matching based on curve feature projection is used to realize the real-time detection of fastener missing. The experimental results show that the average image processing time is 245.61msand the average correct recognition rate is 85.8ms.The method is self-adaptive and has the highest speed to support the implementation of 3.82m/s. It can meet the need of real-time detection of missing fastener.
【作者單位】： 蘭州交通大學(xué)自動(dòng)化與電氣工程學(xué)院;蘭州工業(yè)學(xué)院電子信息工程學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(61663022,61461023) 教育部創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)展計(jì)劃(IRT_16R36) 甘肅省高原信息工程及控制重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室開放課題基金(20161105)資助
【分類號(hào)】：TP391.41;U216.3

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