【摘要】：大氣污染防治是當下熱點話題,作為城市大氣污染源之一,機動車尾氣排放得到人們更多的關注。HC、CO、NOX以及顆粒物等汽車排放物會對人體及環(huán)境造成很大的危害。世界各國正在不斷升級輕型車排放法規(guī),制定更加嚴格的污染物排放限值,以降低輕型車尾氣對人們生活造成的不利影響。本文主要圍繞輕型車的實驗室排放測試實驗進行相關研究工作。文章從排放測試工況入手,介紹世界主要排放法規(guī)下的測試工況,如NEDC、WLTC、FTP75、US06、SC03工況等,對工況進行拆解分析,并對比研究不同工況的特征參數(shù)。選擇3輛不同的輕型車,在不同工況下進行了79次有效的實驗室排放測試實驗。通過模態(tài)數(shù)據對比及瞬態(tài)排放數(shù)據分析,研究冷熱啟動、供油方式、燃油質量、空調開啟及不同整車標定工況等因素對排放因子HC、CO、NOX及顆粒物數(shù)量PN的影響。結果表明,HC及NOX受冷熱啟動狀態(tài)影響較大,CO在工況高速下急加速過程增幅明顯,不同供油方式GDI及PFI對PN排放影響較大。針對手動擋車輛的實驗室工況測試編程開發(fā)了2套換擋策略程序。試驗車輛參數(shù)不足時,可按速度單參數(shù)換擋策略進行換擋;試驗車輛參數(shù)充足時,可按節(jié)油的多參數(shù)換擋策略進行換擋。多參數(shù)換擋策略控制更加精確,避免出現(xiàn)動力輸出不足的情況,適用范圍更廣。換擋策略經過擋位修正,避免頻繁換擋,保證駕駛員良好的操作性和車輛的跟速特性。
[Abstract]:Air pollution prevention and control is a hot topic at present. As one of the urban air pollution sources, motor vehicle exhaust emissions have attracted more attention. HC, CO,NOX and particulate matter emissions will cause great harm to human body and the environment. Countries around the world are constantly upgrading light vehicle emission regulations and formulating stricter emission limits to reduce the adverse impact of light vehicle exhaust on people's lives. In this paper, the related research work is carried out around the laboratory emission test experiment of light vehicle. Starting with the emission test conditions, this paper introduces the test conditions under the main emission laws and regulations in the world, such as NEDC,WLTC,FTP75,US06,SC03 working conditions, analyzes the working conditions, and compares the characteristic parameters of different working conditions. 79 effective laboratory emission tests were carried out in three different light vehicles under different working conditions. Through modal data comparison and transient emission data analysis, the effects of cold and hot start, fuel supply mode, fuel quality, air conditioning opening and different vehicle calibration conditions on emission factor HC,CO,NOX and particle quantity PN were studied. The results show that HC and NOX are greatly affected by cold and hot start-up state, the rapid acceleration process of CO increases obviously under high speed, and different fuel supply modes GDI and PFI have great influence on PN emission. Two sets of shift strategy programs are developed for the laboratory condition test of manual gear vehicles. When the parameters of the test vehicle are insufficient, the shift can be carried out according to the speed single parameter shift strategy, and when the test vehicle parameters are sufficient, the shift can be carried out according to the fuel saving multi-parameter shift strategy. The control of multi-parameter shift strategy is more accurate, which avoids the lack of power output and has a wider range of application. The shift strategy is modified to avoid frequent shift to ensure the good maneuverability of the driver and the follow-up characteristics of the vehicle.
【學位授予單位】：北京理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：U467.48

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