【摘要】：變速器是汽車動力傳動系中的關鍵部件之一,其性能對整車性能具有決定性的影響。由美國伊頓公司上世紀五、六十年代設計的雙中間軸結(jié)構變速器因其承載能力強、故障率低等特點已成為國內(nèi)重型卡車匹配的主力箱型,國內(nèi)多年的使用證明,該類型變速器發(fā)生故障的主要由于副箱打齒導致。副箱中間軸總成由一副箱齒輪與一副箱中間軸經(jīng)壓裝焊接組合而成,其加工難度主要體現(xiàn)在兩齒輪的對齒精度、焊接強度,總成熱變形對齒輪齒向及齒距誤差的影響等幾個方面,其中對齒精度最為關鍵,如不能正確的實現(xiàn)副箱對齒,齒輪嚙合不良會導致齒輪失衡而嚴重損壞變速箱。本論文以重型卡車變速器副箱中間軸總成為研究對象,針對副箱中間軸齒輪整體位置度精度展開研究,目標解決副箱齒輪打齒問題實現(xiàn)解放卡車的整體性能的提升。具體開展了以下幾個方面的研究:1、副箱齒輪打齒現(xiàn)象及影響因素分析。根據(jù)市場反饋具體分析打齒現(xiàn)象發(fā)生的規(guī)律,分析產(chǎn)生的原因及主要影響因素。2、副箱中間軸的壓裝工藝研究。研究優(yōu)化副箱中間軸壓裝夾具的定位夾緊方式,在現(xiàn)有壓裝夾具的基礎上升級提升壓裝精度,使壓裝工藝質(zhì)量穩(wěn)定。3、副箱中間軸的焊接工藝研究。分析了副箱中間軸采用不同焊接方式方法的工藝特點,研究如何既滿足焊接質(zhì)量要求,同時使焊接后的變形盡量小,并進行了相應的工藝試驗。4、副箱中間軸整體位置度精度的提升研究。通過分析壓裝及焊接后副箱中間軸位置度的變化,經(jīng)過多輪反復試驗,最終得到了位置度變化規(guī)律。通過研究,齒輪的傳動強度得到提高,避免產(chǎn)品的主要缺陷,可以為用戶創(chuàng)造更多的經(jīng)濟效益。本選題的研究,也是對該種“副箱中間軸齒輪壓裝及焊接”結(jié)構的一種總結(jié)和探索,可以為更多的研究者提供一些參考和借鑒,從這個層面講,該選題具有一定的社會效益。
[Abstract]:Transmission is one of the key parts in the automobile power transmission system, and its performance has a decisive effect on the vehicle performance. The dual intermediate shaft transmission designed by Eaton Company in the 1950s and 1960s has become the main box type for the matching of heavy trucks in China because of its strong bearing capacity and low failure rate, and has been proved in China for many years. The failure of this type of transmission is mainly due to secondary box tapping. The secondary box intermediate shaft assembly is composed of a pair of box gears and a pair of box intermediate shafts by pressure welding. The processing difficulty is mainly reflected in the tooth alignment accuracy and welding strength of the two gears. The effect of assembly thermal deformation on gear tooth orientation and gear pitch error is the most critical one. If the secondary box is not realized correctly, poor gear meshing will lead to gear imbalance and serious damage to the gearbox. In this paper, the secondary box intermediate shaft of heavy truck transmission is always taken as the research object, and the overall position accuracy of the secondary box intermediate shaft gear is studied. The goal is to solve the secondary box gear tapping problem to improve the overall performance of the liberation truck. The main contents are as follows: 1. The gear punch phenomenon of accessory box and its influencing factors are analyzed. According to the market feedback, the occurrence law of tooth tapping phenomenon, the causes and the main influencing factors are analyzed. 2, the press packing technology of the intermediate shaft of the auxiliary box is studied. This paper studies and optimizes the positioning and clamping mode of the intermediate shaft press fixture of the auxiliary box, upgrades and promotes the pressure assembly accuracy on the basis of the existing press fixture, and makes the quality of the press packing process stable. 3. Research on the welding technology of the intermediate shaft of the auxiliary box. The characteristics of different welding methods for intermediate shaft of secondary box are analyzed, and how to meet the requirements of welding quality is studied, and the deformation after welding is minimized, and the corresponding technological tests are carried out. Research on the lifting accuracy of the whole position degree of the intermediate shaft of the secondary box. Through the analysis of the change of the position degree of the intermediate shaft of the secondary box after pressing and welding, the law of the change of the degree of position was obtained after repeated tests. Through the research, the transmission strength of the gear is improved, the main defects of the product are avoided, and more economic benefits can be created for the user. The research of this topic is also a summary and exploration of this kind of "intermediate shaft gear pressing and welding" structure, which can provide some reference and reference for more researchers. From this level, this topic has certain social benefits.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：U463.2

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