【摘要】：在車(chē)輛傳動(dòng)領(lǐng)域,旋轉(zhuǎn)密封是一種特殊形式的端面動(dòng)密封件,其作為關(guān)鍵元件,廣泛應(yīng)用于內(nèi)部含有液壓控制的旋轉(zhuǎn)執(zhí)行部件中,如濕式離合器、制動(dòng)器以及液力變矩器。而旋轉(zhuǎn)密封的性能直接影響到傳動(dòng)裝置的整體性能,其一旦發(fā)生密封失效,會(huì)導(dǎo)致傳動(dòng)裝置的整體故障。課題以車(chē)用旋轉(zhuǎn)密封為研究對(duì)象。典型車(chē)用旋轉(zhuǎn)密封的材料有鑄鐵、PTFE和PEEK,為保證密封環(huán)的工作性能,減小摩擦功率損失與對(duì)偶面磨損,改善潤(rùn)滑狀態(tài),通常在密封環(huán)工作端面上加工有溝槽,由于鑄鐵材料較PTFE和PEEK等聚合材料彈性模量較大,而且淺槽常用的激光加工法不適合用在聚合材料的加工,所以常常在鑄鐵材料的密封環(huán)的端面上加工深度為微米級(jí)的淺槽,而在PTFE和PEEK材料的密封環(huán)上加工深度為毫米級(jí)的深槽。對(duì)端面加工有淺槽的旋轉(zhuǎn)密封進(jìn)行了流體動(dòng)力潤(rùn)滑計(jì)算研究,而對(duì)端面加工有深槽的旋轉(zhuǎn)密封端面軸向變形開(kāi)展了初步的探究。在計(jì)算深槽密封環(huán)端面軸向變形時(shí),將密封環(huán)所受的力分解為軸向、徑向和切向分別求解計(jì)算,通過(guò)傅里葉三角級(jí)數(shù)展開(kāi)、三角函數(shù)疊加等方法得到了周期性的深槽密封環(huán)端面變形表達(dá)式。構(gòu)建了旋轉(zhuǎn)密封軸向受力平衡方程,建立了旋轉(zhuǎn)密封混合潤(rùn)滑狀態(tài)下的油膜承載力和粗糙峰承載力的計(jì)算模型,通過(guò)仿真計(jì)算得到了不同工況下的密封環(huán)的潤(rùn)滑油膜厚度、油膜承載力和粗糙峰承載力。開(kāi)展了流體潤(rùn)滑驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn),油膜厚度測(cè)量實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,淺槽旋轉(zhuǎn)密封件工作時(shí)能夠產(chǎn)生流體動(dòng)壓力和微米級(jí)的潤(rùn)滑油膜。通過(guò)大量的盤(pán)銷(xiāo)試驗(yàn),開(kāi)展了邊界潤(rùn)滑條件下典型旋轉(zhuǎn)密封件材料的摩擦磨損特性試驗(yàn)研究,試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,三種典型旋轉(zhuǎn)密封材料的磨損率都隨著粗糙峰承載力的增加而增大,而與轉(zhuǎn)速的關(guān)系較復(fù)雜。通過(guò)顯微鏡觀察三種材料磨損后的摩擦面狀況,表明三種材料磨損形式主要以磨粒磨損和黏著磨損為主。結(jié)合典型旋轉(zhuǎn)密封材料磨損實(shí)驗(yàn)和流體潤(rùn)滑油膜厚度試驗(yàn)的實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù),相繼擬合得到了鑄鐵材料、添加15%碳纖的PTFE材料和PEEK材料的磨損率與密封環(huán)旋轉(zhuǎn)速度和作用載荷的擬合曲面公式。
[Abstract]:In the field of vehicle transmission, rotary seal is a special type of end face dynamic seal. As a key element, it is widely used in rotary actuator with hydraulic control, such as wet clutch, brake and hydraulic torque converter. The performance of rotary seal directly affects the overall performance of the transmission device, once the seal failure occurs, it will lead to the overall failure of the transmission device. The object of study is vehicle rotary seal. In order to ensure the working performance of seal ring, reduce friction power loss and dual surface wear, improve lubricating condition, PTFE and PEEK, usually process grooves on the working face of seal ring. Because cast iron materials have larger elastic modulus than polymeric materials such as PTFE and PEEK, and the laser processing method commonly used in shallow grooves is not suitable for the processing of polymeric materials, it is often used in shallow grooves with micrometer depth on the end surface of the sealing ring of cast iron. On the sealing ring of PTFE and PEEK materials, deep grooves with a depth of mm are processed. The hydrodynamic lubrication calculation of the rotary seal with shallow groove was carried out, and the axial deformation of the end face of the rotary seal with deep groove was studied. In the calculation of axial deformation of the end face of the deep groove seal ring, the force acting on the seal ring is decomposed into axial, radial and tangential directions, respectively, and is expanded by Fourier trigonometric series. The periodic expressions for the deformation of the end face of the deep groove seal ring are obtained by the trigonometric function superposition method. The axial force balance equation of rotary seal is established, and the calculation model of oil film bearing capacity and rough peak bearing capacity under mixed lubrication state of rotary seal is established. The lubricating oil film thickness of seal ring under different working conditions is obtained by simulation. Oil film bearing capacity and rough peak bearing capacity. The oil film thickness measurement results show that the hydrodynamic pressure and micron lubricating oil film can be produced when the shallow groove rotary seal works. Through a large number of disk pin tests, the friction and wear characteristics of typical rotating seal materials under boundary lubrication are studied. The experimental results show that, The wear rate of the three kinds of typical rotating sealing materials increases with the increase of the rough peak bearing capacity, but the relationship between the wear rate and the rotational speed is more complex. The wear surface of the three materials was observed by microscope. The results show that the wear patterns of the three kinds of materials are mainly abrasive wear and adhesive wear. Combined with the experimental data of the wear test of typical rotary seal material and the thickness test of fluid lubricating oil film, the cast iron material was obtained one after another. The fitting surface formula of wear rate of PTFE material and PEEK material with 15% carbon fiber and rotating speed and acting load of seal ring.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U463.2

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