本文選題：動(dòng)力總成懸置系統(tǒng) + 解耦率�。� 參考：《中北大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)動(dòng)力總成是汽車最主要的振動(dòng)源和噪聲源之一,隨著生活的日益改善,人們對(duì)汽車產(chǎn)品的安全性和舒適性要求越來越高。如何使動(dòng)力總成懸置系統(tǒng)能更好地減振、隔振是非常有價(jià)值的問題,對(duì)汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展和進(jìn)步至關(guān)重要。合理的設(shè)置懸置系統(tǒng),優(yōu)化懸置性能,不但可以提高汽車行駛的平穩(wěn)性、減少能耗,而且可以增加汽車及其零部件的使用壽命,提高安全性能。本文致力于對(duì)動(dòng)力總成懸置系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,使車輛具有更好的NVH性能。具體做了以下工作:一、首先,介紹了動(dòng)力總成懸置系統(tǒng)的基本功能,以及國內(nèi)外發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀。隨后,對(duì)單缸曲柄連桿機(jī)構(gòu)與直列六缸發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的激勵(lì)力進(jìn)行分析。在此基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)現(xiàn)有機(jī)型的激勵(lì)力和力矩進(jìn)行平衡分析,得到其不平衡力和力矩。二、建立了懸置系統(tǒng)的物理模型、數(shù)學(xué)模型。求解自由振動(dòng)微分方程,得到系統(tǒng)的剛度矩陣、固有頻率等固有特性;求解強(qiáng)迫振動(dòng)微分方程,得到系統(tǒng)在主慣性坐標(biāo)系下的振動(dòng)位移、速度等。分析系統(tǒng)固有特性和動(dòng)態(tài)特性的不足之處,為進(jìn)一步的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)指明方向。三、對(duì)現(xiàn)有機(jī)型固有特性進(jìn)行計(jì)算分析。應(yīng)用Matlab平臺(tái)中的fgoalattain法對(duì)懸置系統(tǒng)解耦率進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。優(yōu)化目的為使各自由度解耦率都達(dá)到90%以上,固有頻率合理配置,使得系統(tǒng)各模態(tài)運(yùn)動(dòng)互不干涉。四、對(duì)于懸置系統(tǒng)這樣的多自由度耦合振動(dòng)系統(tǒng)來說,振動(dòng)解耦是降低和控制系統(tǒng)振動(dòng)最為行之有效的做法。解耦率是系統(tǒng)在不受激勵(lì)力的情況下的固有特性,但是在汽車行駛過程中,動(dòng)力總成時(shí)刻受到激勵(lì)力的作用,這就需要對(duì)動(dòng)力總成懸置系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)態(tài)特性進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。振動(dòng)烈度是表征系統(tǒng)隔振性能的重要指標(biāo),而且振動(dòng)烈度反映了包含各諧次波能量的總振動(dòng)能量大小,能夠更加直觀地代表系統(tǒng)的振動(dòng)強(qiáng)度,常用來表征系統(tǒng)的振動(dòng)性能。本文以振動(dòng)烈度作為優(yōu)化目標(biāo),將懸置剛度、安裝位置作為優(yōu)化參數(shù),對(duì)懸置系統(tǒng)再次進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。優(yōu)化結(jié)果顯示,系統(tǒng)在各工況下的振動(dòng)位移、速度、加速度都有所降低,并且振動(dòng)烈度減小。例如,在轉(zhuǎn)速為2200r/min的額定工況下,優(yōu)化前后,系統(tǒng)的振動(dòng)烈度從35.5542mm/s降到了28.9692mm/s。達(dá)到了降低振動(dòng)烈度的優(yōu)化目標(biāo),振動(dòng)性能明顯改善。
[Abstract]:Engine powertrain is one of the most important vibration and noise sources of automobile. With the improvement of life, people demand more and more safety and comfort of automobile products. How to make the powertrain mount system better reduce vibration, vibration isolation is a very valuable problem, is very important to the development and progress of the automobile industry. Setting up the mount system reasonably and optimizing the mounting performance can not only improve the ride stability and reduce the energy consumption, but also increase the service life and safety performance of the automobile and its parts. This paper focuses on the optimization of the powertrain mount system to make the vehicle have better NVH performance. The main contents are as follows: firstly, the basic functions of powertrain mount system and the development status at home and abroad are introduced. Then, the excitation force of single-cylinder crank-connecting rod mechanism and linear six-cylinder engine is analyzed. On this basis, the excitation force and torque of the existing aircraft are analyzed, and the unbalanced force and torque are obtained. Secondly, the physical model and mathematical model of the mount system are established. The stiffness matrix and natural frequency of the system are obtained by solving the free vibration differential equation, and the vibration displacement and velocity of the system in the main inertial coordinate system are obtained by solving the forced vibration differential equation. The shortcomings of the inherent and dynamic characteristics of the system are analyzed, and the direction of further optimization design is pointed out. Third, the inherent characteristics of the existing models are calculated and analyzed. The decoupling rate of mount system is optimized by using fgoalattain method in Matlab platform. The aim of the optimization is to make the decoupling rate of each degree of freedom more than 90%, and the natural frequency is allocated reasonably, which makes the motion of each mode of the system non-interference. Fourthly, the vibration decoupling is the most effective way to reduce and control the vibration of the multi-degree-of-freedom coupling vibration system such as the mount system. Decoupling rate is the inherent characteristic of the system without excitation force, but in the driving process of the vehicle, the dynamic characteristics of the powertrain mount system need to be optimized. Vibration intensity is an important index to characterize the vibration isolation performance of the system, and the vibration intensity reflects the total vibration energy which contains the energy of each harmonic wave. It can represent the vibration intensity of the system more intuitively and is often used to characterize the vibration performance of the system. In this paper, the vibration intensity is taken as the optimization objective, and the mounting stiffness and the installation position are taken as the optimization parameters to optimize the mounting system again. The optimization results show that the vibration displacement, velocity and acceleration of the system are decreased and the vibration intensity is decreased. For example, the vibration intensity of the system decreases from 35.5542mm/s to 28.9692mm / s before and after optimization under rated 2200r/min speed. The optimization goal of reducing the vibration intensity is achieved and the vibration performance is obviously improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：U464.13

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本文編號(hào)：2045378