本文選題：襯套剛度 + 參數(shù)反求��； 參考：《重慶理工大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：在對(duì)汽車懸架系統(tǒng)的擺臂、拉桿及襯套等部件進(jìn)行強(qiáng)度和耐久性等分析時(shí)候,均需要獲取懸架系統(tǒng)硬點(diǎn)處的載荷作為輸入的邊界條件,且對(duì)懸架部件進(jìn)行這些分析時(shí),邊界條件的施加正確與否對(duì)分析結(jié)果的準(zhǔn)確性起著決定性的作用。目前,在工程應(yīng)用中,獲取懸架系統(tǒng)硬點(diǎn)載荷,大多數(shù)是在多體動(dòng)力學(xué)軟件ADAMS軟件中建立相應(yīng)的懸架模型,提取過程相對(duì)較繁瑣且單一。目前,國(guó)內(nèi)外均沒有專一的軟件針對(duì)懸架硬點(diǎn)載荷的提取。且由于橡膠襯套全向剛度特性的獲取相對(duì)困難,為減少設(shè)計(jì)成本,在懸架硬點(diǎn)載荷提取時(shí),一般只考慮橡膠襯套線性剛度特性,這樣就導(dǎo)致提取結(jié)果的可能存在較大的誤差。本文以某車型的前后懸架系統(tǒng)為研究對(duì)象,為能夠較方便且準(zhǔn)確的提取懸架系統(tǒng)中的硬點(diǎn)載荷進(jìn)行了以下研究。首先,從橡膠材料出發(fā),討論了橡膠材料的常用的本構(gòu)模型。在基于材料試驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)上,選取常用橡膠本構(gòu)模型進(jìn)行應(yīng)力-應(yīng)變關(guān)系曲線的擬合,將擬合曲線與試驗(yàn)曲線對(duì)比,找出能夠精確匹配懸架系統(tǒng)橡膠襯套材料的本構(gòu)模型。在已有橡膠襯套剛度數(shù)據(jù)的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合有限元分析技術(shù)與橡膠材料參數(shù)反求的技術(shù),對(duì)橡膠襯套的全向剛度信息進(jìn)行重組,用完整的橡膠襯套剛度信息進(jìn)行懸架系統(tǒng)硬點(diǎn)載荷提取。其次,建立了考慮橡膠襯套靜態(tài)剛度特性的麥弗遜前懸架系統(tǒng)和雙連桿后懸架系統(tǒng)硬點(diǎn)載荷提取的數(shù)學(xué)模型,并針對(duì)前后懸架系統(tǒng)建立了載荷計(jì)算的非線性方程組,基于數(shù)值算法和MATLAB軟件,對(duì)建立的非線性方程組使用牛頓迭代法進(jìn)行迭代求解。利用建立的懸架系統(tǒng)數(shù)學(xué)模型和計(jì)算方程,在汽車典型行駛工況下,計(jì)算了懸架系統(tǒng)硬點(diǎn)載荷。建立了考慮襯套非線性特性的懸架系統(tǒng)ADAMS模型,提取相同工況下的硬點(diǎn)載荷進(jìn)行對(duì)比,驗(yàn)證了本文硬點(diǎn)載荷計(jì)算方法的有效性和準(zhǔn)確性。最后,對(duì)懸架系統(tǒng)硬點(diǎn)載荷進(jìn)行了應(yīng)用性研究,建立起前懸掛系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)有限元模型,利用本文硬點(diǎn)載荷提取方法計(jì)算的各工況下載荷作為邊界條件,對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)進(jìn)行強(qiáng)度分析。并利用MATLAB軟件將硬點(diǎn)載荷計(jì)算的程序集成而開發(fā)了一款專用于懸架系統(tǒng)硬點(diǎn)載荷提取的軟件。
[Abstract]:In the analysis of the strength and durability of the pendulum arm, pull rod and bushing of automobile suspension system, it is necessary to obtain the load at the hard point of the suspension system as the input boundary condition, and to carry out the analysis of the suspension component. Whether the boundary conditions are applied correctly or not plays a decisive role in the accuracy of the analytical results. At present, in engineering application, most of the hard point loads of suspension system are established in the multi-body dynamics software ADAMS software. The extraction process is relatively tedious and simple. At present, there is no specific software to extract the hard point load of suspension at home and abroad. In order to reduce the design cost, the linear stiffness characteristics of rubber bushing are generally taken into account in order to reduce the design cost because of the difficulty in obtaining the omnidirectional stiffness characteristics of the rubber bushing, which leads to the possible error of the extraction results. In this paper, the front and rear suspension system of a vehicle is taken as the research object, and the following research is carried out in order to extract the hard point load from the suspension system conveniently and accurately. Firstly, the constitutive models of rubber materials are discussed. On the basis of material test, the common rubber constitutive model was selected to fit the stress-strain curve, and the fitting curve was compared with the test curve to find out the constitutive model which could exactly match the rubber bushing material of suspension system. Based on the existing stiffness data of rubber bushing, combined with the technology of finite element analysis and the reverse calculation of rubber material parameters, the omni-directional stiffness information of rubber bushing was reorganized. The stiffness information of rubber bushing is used to extract the hard point load of suspension system. Secondly, a mathematical model for extracting the hard point load of the Macpherson front suspension system and the two-link rear suspension system considering the static stiffness characteristics of the rubber bushing is established, and the nonlinear equations of load calculation for the front and rear suspension systems are established. Based on numerical algorithm and MATLAB software, Newton iterative method is used to solve the nonlinear equations. Based on the mathematical model and calculation equation of suspension system, the hard point load of suspension system is calculated under typical driving conditions. The ADAMS model of suspension system considering the nonlinear characteristics of bushing is established, and the hard-point load under the same working condition is extracted for comparison, which verifies the validity and accuracy of the hard-point load calculation method in this paper. Finally, the application of hard point load of suspension system is studied, the finite element model of steering joint of front suspension system is established, and the strength of steering joint is analyzed by using the load under each working condition calculated by hard point load extraction method in this paper. A software for extracting the hard point load of suspension system is developed by integrating the program of hard point load calculation with MATLAB software.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：U463.33

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