本文選題：車輛列隊行駛 + 數(shù)值仿真��； 參考：《吉林大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展,我國公路貨運量、公路貨物周轉量在持續(xù)增長,載貨汽車的保有量也在不斷增加。相關統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)顯示,2015年我國共完成公路貨運量354.5億噸,完成公路貨物周轉量64705億噸公里,分別占全國貨運量及貨物周轉量的78.7%和35.8%。2014年底我國公路營運載貨汽車數(shù)量已經(jīng)達到1453.36萬輛,約占全國機動車保有量的5.5%。如何提高載貨汽車的燃油經(jīng)濟性,減少有害物的排放已成為當前研究的重要課題。汽車進行列隊行駛,能夠有效降低隊列中各車的油耗,增加道路的通行能力。相關研究顯示,車輛在適當間距內(nèi)進行列隊行駛可以使車隊平均節(jié)油10%以上,具有較高的經(jīng)濟效益和良好的應用前景。但目前國內(nèi)外對此的研究多是在不考慮側向風的理想狀態(tài)下進行的,這勢必會對研究結果的準確性產(chǎn)生一定的影響。為此,本文就車輛進行列隊行駛時同時受側向風及不同車間距共同影響的情況開展了相關研究。側向風及車間距的變化會對隊列中各車氣動阻力產(chǎn)生不同的影響,本文采用Solidworks軟件,參照沃爾沃某款集裝箱貨車,按照1:1的比例建立了貨車仿真模型。為了仿真實驗的順利進行,這里對模型進行了適當?shù)暮喕?但保留了后視鏡、油箱等對空氣阻力影響較大的部件。選用基于格子波爾茲曼方法的新一代CFD技術—XFlow作為數(shù)值仿真軟件,該軟件具有無需網(wǎng)格、高效并行、邊界條件處理簡單、模擬精確等特點。本文首先對單車模型僅受側向風影響的情況進行了數(shù)值仿真實驗,目的是為了研究單車風阻系數(shù)受不同角度來流影響時的變化規(guī)律,同時為兩車和三車列隊行駛情況提供對比參照。仿真過程中的來流速度恒為25m/s,來流角度變化范圍為0°~45°。針對兩車和三車列隊行駛模型,本文對隊列同時受不同角度來流及車間距共同影響的情況進行了仿真實驗,實驗中來流速度與單車情況保持一致。兩車列隊行駛時的車間距變化范圍為0~30m,來流角度變化范圍為0°~20°。相對兩車隊列而言,由于三車隊列的間距變化方式更加復雜,所以為了探究中車位置的變化對車隊平均風阻系數(shù)的影響,這里首先在無側向風影響的條件下,就三車間距變化方式為非等間距變化的情況進行了研究。在此基礎上,僅對等間距變化的三車隊列受不同角度來流影響的情況進行了仿真分析,其間距變化范圍1~28m,來流角度變化范圍也為0°~20°。仿真實驗完成后,根據(jù)仿真結果分別對兩車和三車隊列的燃油節(jié)省率進行了計算。結果顯示,兩車隊列和三車隊列的平均節(jié)油率分別為8.93%和15.01%,節(jié)油效果較為明顯。根據(jù)仿真結果,從速度場和壓力場兩方面,對車輛氣動阻力的形成機理、各車風阻系數(shù)變化規(guī)律進行了解釋分析,為相關研究奠定了一定的理論基礎。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's economy, the volume of road freight and the volume of road cargo turnover are increasing continuously, and the quantity of cargo vehicles is also increasing. Relevant statistics show that in 2015, China completed 35.45 billion tons of road cargo and 6.4705 trillion tons of road cargo. It accounts for 78.7% of the national freight volume and freight turnover, respectively, and 35.8.3.8.The number of road cargo vehicles in China has reached 14.5336 million by the end of 2014, accounting for about 5.5% of the total number of motor vehicles in China. How to improve the fuel economy and reduce the emission of harmful substances has become an important research topic. The vehicle can reduce the fuel consumption and increase the capacity of the road. The related research shows that the vehicle can save more than 10% fuel on average when traveling in line within the proper distance, which has high economic benefit and good application prospect. However, most of the researches at home and abroad are carried out under the ideal condition of not considering the lateral wind, which will inevitably affect the accuracy of the research results. Therefore, this paper studies the influence of lateral wind and different vehicle spacing when vehicles are traveling in procession at the same time. The variation of the lateral wind and the distance between the vehicles will have different effects on the aerodynamic resistance of each vehicle in the queue. In this paper, the simulation model of the freight car is established according to the 1:1 scale by using Solidworks software and referring to a certain type of Volvo container truck. In order to make the simulation experiment go on smoothly, the model is simplified properly, but the rear-view mirror and fuel tank are retained, which have great influence on the air resistance. A new generation of CFD technology, -XFlow, based on lattice Boltzmann method, is chosen as the numerical simulation software. The software has the advantages of no grid, high efficiency and parallelism, simple boundary condition processing, accurate simulation and so on. In this paper, first of all, numerical simulation experiments are carried out to study the variation of the wind resistance coefficient when the wind resistance coefficient is affected by the flow at different angles. At the same time for two cars and three cars to provide a comparative reference to the situation. During the simulation, the velocity of flow is 25 m / s, and the angle range is 0 擄~ 45 擄. Based on the two-vehicle and three-car queue model, the simulation experiment is carried out on the condition that the queue is affected by the flow of different angles and the distance between the vehicles. The speed of the incoming flow is consistent with that of the bicycle in the experiment. The range of the distance between the two vehicles is 0 ~ 30 m, and the angle of flow is 0 擄~ 20 擄. Compared with the two-vehicle queue, because the distance between the three-vehicle queue is more complicated, so in order to explore the effect of the change of the position of the middle vehicle on the average wind resistance coefficient of the motorcade, first of all, under the condition of no lateral wind, In this paper, the change of the distance between three cars is studied. On this basis, the effect of different angle flow on the three-car queue with equal spacing is simulated and analyzed. The range of the interval is 1 ~ 28m, and the angle of the incoming flow is also 0 擄~ 20 擄. After the simulation experiment is completed, the fuel saving rates of two and three cars are calculated according to the simulation results. The results show that the average fuel saving rates of the two and three car queues are 8.93% and 15.01, respectively. According to the simulation results, the formation mechanism of vehicle aerodynamic resistance and the variation law of wind drag coefficient of each vehicle are explained and analyzed from two aspects of velocity field and pressure field, which lays a certain theoretical foundation for the relevant research.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：U461.1

【相似文獻】

相關會議論文 前2條

1 陳曉靜;劉曉佳;史薈燕;任鳳杰;;發(fā)射場臨近空間經(jīng)向風分布的初步研究[A];創(chuàng)新驅動發(fā)展 提高氣象災害防御能力——S12航空與航天氣象技術研究與應用[C];2013年

2 張銘;呂慶平;路凱程;;PDO流場模的解析求解Ⅰ——經(jīng)向風強迫的情況[A];創(chuàng)新驅動發(fā)展 提高氣象災害防御能力——S6短期氣候預測理論、方法與技術[C];2013年

相關博士學位論文 前1條

1 高威;無風及側向風作用下的腔室開口火溢流研究[D];中國科學技術大學;2016年

相關碩士學位論文 前2條

1 許香港;側向風及車間距對貨車列隊行駛影響分析[D];吉林大學;2016年

2 鄧雪園;QBO的新指數(shù)以及經(jīng)向風中QBO信號的研究[D];中國科學院研究生院（大氣物理研究所）;2005年

，

本文編號：1910089