本文選題：汽車 + 滾筒軸距可調(diào)��； 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：汽車制動(dòng)性能臺(tái)試檢驗(yàn)已成為檢測(cè)汽車制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)技術(shù)狀況、保障汽車運(yùn)行安全的主要技術(shù)手段。為真實(shí)反映車輛滿載時(shí)制動(dòng)性能,研究汽車制動(dòng)性能臺(tái)式加載檢測(cè)方法,對(duì)有效開展車輛滿載制動(dòng)性能檢測(cè)具有重要意義。圍繞軸距可調(diào)的反力式汽車制動(dòng)檢驗(yàn)臺(tái),本文開展以下研究工作：開發(fā)了能自動(dòng)檢測(cè)車輪直徑、調(diào)節(jié)滾筒軸距的新型反力式汽車制動(dòng)檢驗(yàn)臺(tái),對(duì)檢驗(yàn)臺(tái)的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)進(jìn)行了描述,并對(duì)檢驗(yàn)臺(tái)進(jìn)行動(dòng)力學(xué)分析,研究了滾筒高度差和安置角對(duì)制動(dòng)力測(cè)量結(jié)果的影響規(guī)律；提出車輪直徑計(jì)算模型,根據(jù)第三滾筒轉(zhuǎn)角位置自動(dòng)計(jì)算車輪直徑,結(jié)合設(shè)定的安置角,計(jì)算滾筒間軸距并通過液壓裝置進(jìn)行調(diào)整和張緊；利用開發(fā)的試驗(yàn)臺(tái)進(jìn)行了實(shí)車測(cè)試,結(jié)果表明,開發(fā)的新型制動(dòng)檢驗(yàn)臺(tái)可通過調(diào)節(jié)滾筒軸距,模擬改變汽車輪荷,有效檢測(cè)車輛制動(dòng)力。對(duì)車輛軸荷、滾筒高度差、安置角、滾筒表面附著系數(shù)、輪胎氣壓、制動(dòng)力信號(hào)采樣頻率和司機(jī)駕駛操作對(duì)制動(dòng)檢驗(yàn)臺(tái)檢測(cè)精度的影響規(guī)律進(jìn)行了測(cè)試分析,實(shí)車測(cè)試結(jié)果表明,調(diào)節(jié)滾筒軸距和改變輪胎氣壓對(duì)制動(dòng)力檢測(cè)結(jié)果有顯著影響。對(duì)舉升加載制動(dòng)檢測(cè)方法進(jìn)行了研究,分析了舉升加載制動(dòng)原理及測(cè)試方法,結(jié)果分析表明兩軸汽車不適宜采用舉升加載方法,對(duì)于多軸貨車中間軸采用舉升加載的方式可有效測(cè)出車輛制動(dòng)力；對(duì)拉壓張緊式加載制動(dòng)檢測(cè)方法進(jìn)行了研究,分析了拉壓張緊式加載制動(dòng)原理及測(cè)試方法,分析認(rèn)為適應(yīng)各種車型；對(duì)調(diào)整軸距式加載制動(dòng)檢測(cè)方法進(jìn)行了研究,分析了調(diào)整軸距式加載制動(dòng)原理及測(cè)試方法,分析認(rèn)為兩軸車、三軸及三軸以上的多軸貨車、采用并裝雙軸及并裝三軸掛車的所有車軸,采用調(diào)整軸距加載的方式都可有效測(cè)出車輛制動(dòng)力；最后對(duì)舉升加載制動(dòng)檢測(cè)方法、調(diào)整軸距式加載制動(dòng)檢測(cè)方法和拉壓張緊式加載制動(dòng)檢測(cè)方法進(jìn)行了比較分析。為了準(zhǔn)確測(cè)試汽車制動(dòng)器性能,構(gòu)建了制動(dòng)檢驗(yàn)臺(tái)摩擦損失模型,以對(duì)制動(dòng)力檢測(cè)結(jié)果進(jìn)行修正。定義了相對(duì)滑移量,基于相對(duì)滑移量和安置角,構(gòu)建了反力式制動(dòng)檢驗(yàn)臺(tái)摩擦損失模型,該模型可為車輛制動(dòng)器制動(dòng)力修正摩擦損失提供依據(jù)。為提高滾筒反力式制動(dòng)檢驗(yàn)臺(tái)檢測(cè)結(jié)果的準(zhǔn)確性,應(yīng)對(duì)安置角變化引起的摩擦損失進(jìn)行修正后,再根據(jù)GB7258-2012和GB 21861-2014對(duì)車輛制動(dòng)率進(jìn)行判別。
[Abstract]:The bench test of automobile braking performance has become the main technical means to detect the technical condition of automobile braking system and to ensure the safety of automobile operation.In order to truly reflect the braking performance of a vehicle at full load, it is of great significance to study the detection method of vehicle braking performance under desktop loading, which is of great significance for the effective detection of vehicle full load braking performance.In this paper, the following research work is carried out: a new type of counterforce brake test bench is developed, which can automatically detect the diameter of the wheel and adjust the roller wheelbase, and describes the structural parameters of the test table.The influence of roller height difference and placement angle on the braking force measurement results is studied, and the wheel diameter calculation model is proposed, which automatically calculates the wheel diameter according to the position of the third drum rotation angle.Combined with the setting angle, the wheelbase between the rollers is calculated and adjusted and tensioned by hydraulic device. The test results show that the new brake test bench can be adjusted by adjusting the roller wheelbase.The simulation changes the wheel load of the vehicle and effectively detects the braking force of the vehicle.The influence of vehicle axle load, roller height difference, placement angle, surface adhesion coefficient, tire pressure, sampling frequency of braking force signal and driver's driving operation on the precision of brake test table are tested and analyzed.The test results show that adjusting the roller wheelbase and changing the tire pressure have a significant effect on the braking force test results.The testing method of lifting load braking is studied, and the principle and test method of lifting load braking are analyzed. The results show that the lifting loading method is not suitable for two axle vehicles.The braking force of the vehicle can be effectively measured by lifting and loading the intermediate shaft of the multi-axle freight car, the testing method of the tension and compression tension loading brake is studied, and the principle and the test method of the tension tension loading brake are analyzed.It is considered that it is suitable for all kinds of vehicle models, the detection method of adjusting wheelbase loading brake is studied, the principle and test method of adjusting wheelbase loading braking are analyzed, and the analysis shows that the two axle truck, three axle truck and more than three axle truck,The braking force of the vehicle can be effectively measured by means of adjusting the wheelbase loading with all the shafts of the dual axle and three axle trailers installed in parallel. Finally, the brake detection method of lifting loading is used.The detection methods of adjusting wheelbase loading brake and tension tension loading brake are compared and analyzed.In order to accurately test the performance of automobile brake, the friction loss model of brake test table is constructed to correct the test result of braking force.The relative slip is defined. Based on the relative slip and the placement angle, the friction loss model of the counterforce brake test table is constructed. The model can provide the basis for the brake force modification of the friction loss of the vehicle brake.In order to improve the accuracy of the test results of the roller counterforce brake test table, the friction loss caused by the change of the placement angle should be corrected, and then the braking rate of the vehicle should be judged according to GB7258-2012 and GB21861-2014.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：U467.52

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