本文關(guān)鍵詞：行人下肢高精度數(shù)值模型與損傷參數(shù)研究　出處：《湖南大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版)》2016年10期 　論文類型：期刊論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 行人安全 下肢 有限元模型 生物力學(xué) 損傷機(jī)理

【摘要】：為了深入研究汽車-行人碰撞過(guò)程中下肢的生物力學(xué)響應(yīng)和損傷機(jī)理,基于人體解剖學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)建立了具有完整下肢組織結(jié)構(gòu)和高仿生精度的成年男性行人下肢有限元模型.包括股骨、脛骨、腓骨、髕骨等下肢骨骼以及皮膚、肌肉、韌帶、關(guān)節(jié)囊、半月板等重要軟組織.針對(duì)長(zhǎng)骨骨干斷面幾何不均勻的特征,提出以CT斷面影像數(shù)據(jù)為依據(jù),建立以真實(shí)皮質(zhì)骨內(nèi)外表面為邊界實(shí)現(xiàn)皮質(zhì)骨斷面厚度和形狀連續(xù)變化的長(zhǎng)骨數(shù)值模型,對(duì)不同建模方式進(jìn)行了對(duì)比,采用兩層實(shí)體單元模擬皮質(zhì)骨以獲得相對(duì)較高的計(jì)算精度和計(jì)算效率.通過(guò)模擬相關(guān)生物力學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn),獲得了行人下肢各部位的損傷參數(shù),分析了皮質(zhì)骨厚度變化以及不同撞擊方向?qū)ο轮珦p傷參數(shù)和損傷機(jī)理的影響.上述損傷參數(shù)的獲得可為我國(guó)汽安全性設(shè)計(jì)提供參考.
[Abstract]:In order to study the biomechanical response and damage mechanism of lower limbs during vehicle-pedestrian collision. Based on the human anatomical structure, a finite element model of adult male pedestrian lower extremities with complete lower limb tissue structure and high biomimetic accuracy was established, including femur, tibia, fibula, patella and other lower limb bones, skin and muscle. Ligament, joint capsule, meniscus and other important soft tissues. According to the geometric heterogeneity of the long bone diaphysis, the CT image data are proposed. A numerical model of long bone with the inner and outer surface of cortical bone as the boundary to realize the continuous change of the thickness and shape of the cortical bone section was established and the different modeling methods were compared. A two-layer solid unit was used to simulate the cortical bone in order to obtain a relatively high computational accuracy and efficiency. By simulating biomechanical experiments, the injury parameters of each part of the lower extremities of pedestrians were obtained. The changes of cortical bone thickness and the effects of different impact directions on the injury parameters and mechanism of lower extremities were analyzed. The above damage parameters can be used as a reference for the design of steam safety in China.
【作者單位】： 華南理工大學(xué)機(jī)械與汽車工程學(xué)院;廣東省汽車工程重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(51375170) 廣東省自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(2015A030313213)~~
【分類號(hào)】：U467.14
【正文快照】： 中國(guó)是交通事故死亡人數(shù)最多的國(guó)家.相對(duì)于汽車乘員,行人是道路使用者中的弱勢(shì)群體.據(jù)世界衛(wèi)生組織統(tǒng)計(jì),中國(guó)行人死亡人數(shù)占交通事故死亡人數(shù)的26%,而美國(guó)只占11%,德國(guó)為14%[1].由此可見(jiàn),中國(guó)在行人安全方面與發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家還存在較大的差距.如何避免和降低交通事故中行人的死傷,是

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