不同有機物料對原生鹽堿地水穩(wěn)性團聚體特征的影響
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-17 20:28
【摘要】：為了研究不同種類和形態(tài)的有機物料對原生鹽堿地水穩(wěn)性團聚體特征以及物理性質(zhì)的影響,以吉林西部地區(qū)原生鹽堿地為研究對象,通過大田試驗,分析了顆粒玉米秸稈、正常玉米秸稈、牧草以及羊糞等有機物料對原生鹽堿地的浸水容重、沉降系數(shù)、田間持水量和蒸發(fā)速率等物理指標(biāo)的影響,以及對土壤水穩(wěn)性大團聚體和微團聚體的數(shù)量、形態(tài)、平均質(zhì)量直徑(MWD)、破壞率(PAD)、水穩(wěn)系數(shù)、平均質(zhì)量比表面積和分形維數(shù)等指標(biāo)的影響。結(jié)果表明:(1)各處理中水穩(wěn)性團聚體組成以微團聚體占主要成分,其中以0.05~0.25mm粒徑為主,不同有機物料處理對各粒級含量影響差異顯著。(2)各有機物料處理的土壤水穩(wěn)性團聚體的穩(wěn)定性相對CK處理均有所提高,羊糞處理對MWD提高效果最好,提高了104%,而顆粒處理提高水穩(wěn)系數(shù)和降低PAD效果最好。(3)不同有機物料處理對水穩(wěn)性團聚體形態(tài)均有改善作用,顆粒處理改善效果最好,形態(tài)圓潤表面粗糙,大小孔徑分布適中。(4)顆粒處理與其他處理的土壤團聚體分形維數(shù)差異顯著,其他處理之間差異不顯著,顆粒處理分形維數(shù)最低,相比CK處理降低了2.62%。各有機物料處理的平均質(zhì)量比表面積與CK差異顯著,其中正常秸稈處理最好,相比CK提高了171.01%。(5)各有機物料處理與CK處理相比,對原生鹽堿土物理性質(zhì)均有改善作用,顆粒處理整體效果最好。浸水容重與PAD和分形維數(shù)具有顯著正相關(guān)性,與水穩(wěn)系數(shù)和平均重量直徑呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān)性。沉降系數(shù)相關(guān)性類似浸水容重,田間持水量相反,蒸發(fā)速率則未顯示出顯著相關(guān)性,各物理參數(shù)與平均質(zhì)量比表面積未顯示出顯著相關(guān)性。綜合得出,有機物料能夠改善原生鹽堿土壤結(jié)構(gòu),同種有機物料不同形態(tài)作用效果不同,本試驗中經(jīng)過粉碎高溫高壓處理的顆粒秸稈效果遠(yuǎn)好于其他處理,有效地縮短了改良時間。
[Abstract]:In order to study the effects of different kinds and forms of organic materials on the characteristics and physical properties of water-stable aggregates in primary saline-alkali soil, the paper analyzed the grain corn stalks through field experiments in the west of Jilin Province. The effects of organic materials such as normal corn straw, forage grass and sheep dung on the physical indexes of soaking density, sedimentation coefficient, field water holding capacity and evaporation rate, as well as the amount of soil water stable macroaggregates and microaggregates, etc. The influence of morphology, average mass diameter, (MWD), failure rate, (PAD), water stability coefficient, average mass specific surface area and fractal dimension, etc. The results showed that: (1) the composition of water-stable aggregates in different treatments was mainly composed of microaggregates, in which 0.05~0.25mm particle size was the main component. (2) the stability of soil water stable aggregates treated with different organic materials was higher than that of CK treatment, and sheep manure treatment had the best effect on MWD. The effect of particle treatment on improving water stability coefficient and reducing PAD was the best. (3) the morphology of water stable aggregates was improved by different organic materials, and the effect of particle treatment was the best, and the shape was rough. The pore size distribution was moderate. (4) there was significant difference in fractal dimension of soil aggregates between particle treatment and other treatments, but there was no significant difference between other treatments. The fractal dimension of particle treatment was the lowest, which was 2.62% lower than that of CK treatment. The average mass specific surface area of each organic material treatment was significantly different from that of CK, among which the normal straw treatment was the best, which increased 171.01than CK. (5) compared with CK treatment, the physical properties of primary saline-alkali soil were improved by each organic material treatment. The overall effect of particle treatment is the best. There was a significant positive correlation between bulk density of soaking water and PAD and fractal dimension, but a significant negative correlation with water stability coefficient and mean weight diameter. The correlation of sedimentation coefficient was similar to that of bulk density of soaking water, but the evaporation rate had no significant correlation with the field water holding capacity, and there was no significant correlation between the physical parameters and the average mass specific surface area. It is concluded that organic materials can improve the structure of the original saline-alkali soil, and the effects of the same organic materials on different forms of soil are different. In this experiment, the effect of granulated straw treated by crushing high temperature and high pressure is much better than that of other treatments. The improvement time is effectively shortened.
【作者單位】： 吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)資源與環(huán)境學(xué)院;
【基金】：吉林省科技廳重大科技招標(biāo)專項“畜禽糞便高效轉(zhuǎn)化生產(chǎn)有機肥關(guān)鍵技術(shù)及產(chǎn)品研發(fā)”(20150203004NY) 吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)博士啟動基金項目“不同來源有機物料對農(nóng)田黑土土壤動物群落結(jié)構(gòu)影響的研究”(201634)
【分類號】：S156.4
，
本文編號：2277866
[Abstract]:In order to study the effects of different kinds and forms of organic materials on the characteristics and physical properties of water-stable aggregates in primary saline-alkali soil, the paper analyzed the grain corn stalks through field experiments in the west of Jilin Province. The effects of organic materials such as normal corn straw, forage grass and sheep dung on the physical indexes of soaking density, sedimentation coefficient, field water holding capacity and evaporation rate, as well as the amount of soil water stable macroaggregates and microaggregates, etc. The influence of morphology, average mass diameter, (MWD), failure rate, (PAD), water stability coefficient, average mass specific surface area and fractal dimension, etc. The results showed that: (1) the composition of water-stable aggregates in different treatments was mainly composed of microaggregates, in which 0.05~0.25mm particle size was the main component. (2) the stability of soil water stable aggregates treated with different organic materials was higher than that of CK treatment, and sheep manure treatment had the best effect on MWD. The effect of particle treatment on improving water stability coefficient and reducing PAD was the best. (3) the morphology of water stable aggregates was improved by different organic materials, and the effect of particle treatment was the best, and the shape was rough. The pore size distribution was moderate. (4) there was significant difference in fractal dimension of soil aggregates between particle treatment and other treatments, but there was no significant difference between other treatments. The fractal dimension of particle treatment was the lowest, which was 2.62% lower than that of CK treatment. The average mass specific surface area of each organic material treatment was significantly different from that of CK, among which the normal straw treatment was the best, which increased 171.01than CK. (5) compared with CK treatment, the physical properties of primary saline-alkali soil were improved by each organic material treatment. The overall effect of particle treatment is the best. There was a significant positive correlation between bulk density of soaking water and PAD and fractal dimension, but a significant negative correlation with water stability coefficient and mean weight diameter. The correlation of sedimentation coefficient was similar to that of bulk density of soaking water, but the evaporation rate had no significant correlation with the field water holding capacity, and there was no significant correlation between the physical parameters and the average mass specific surface area. It is concluded that organic materials can improve the structure of the original saline-alkali soil, and the effects of the same organic materials on different forms of soil are different. In this experiment, the effect of granulated straw treated by crushing high temperature and high pressure is much better than that of other treatments. The improvement time is effectively shortened.
【作者單位】： 吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)資源與環(huán)境學(xué)院;
【基金】：吉林省科技廳重大科技招標(biāo)專項“畜禽糞便高效轉(zhuǎn)化生產(chǎn)有機肥關(guān)鍵技術(shù)及產(chǎn)品研發(fā)”(20150203004NY) 吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)博士啟動基金項目“不同來源有機物料對農(nóng)田黑土土壤動物群落結(jié)構(gòu)影響的研究”(201634)
【分類號】：S156.4
，
本文編號：2277866
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