基于多源遙感數(shù)據(jù)四川省伏旱監(jiān)測(cè)
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-05 14:20
【摘要】：四川是一個(gè)地貌復(fù)雜、氣候多樣且自然災(zāi)害頻發(fā)的地區(qū),其中受旱災(zāi)影響的范圍廣、歷時(shí)長(zhǎng),對(duì)區(qū)域工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)、人民生活、生態(tài)環(huán)境等造成重大影響。近年來(lái),四川省受干旱災(zāi)害影響逐年加重,并且呈頻發(fā)趨勢(shì)。因此,以一種有效且適用于四川地區(qū)的旱情檢測(cè)方法進(jìn)行干旱監(jiān)測(cè),不僅為防旱減災(zāi)工作的開(kāi)展提供有針對(duì)性的理論依據(jù),而且有助于社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)以及環(huán)境的穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。目前,國(guó)內(nèi)外利用遙感數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行干旱監(jiān)測(cè)的方法有很多。衛(wèi)星遙感TM數(shù)據(jù)、MODIS數(shù)據(jù)、降水TRMM數(shù)據(jù),以及國(guó)內(nèi)的環(huán)境小衛(wèi)星數(shù)據(jù)和風(fēng)云系列衛(wèi)星數(shù)據(jù)等已廣泛應(yīng)用于實(shí)時(shí)動(dòng)態(tài)旱情監(jiān)測(cè)領(lǐng)域;可見(jiàn)光-近紅外、熱紅外和微波遙感等監(jiān)測(cè)模型和方法能夠普遍且較好地適用于各區(qū)域的旱情監(jiān)測(cè),其中溫度植被指數(shù)旱情監(jiān)測(cè)模型多應(yīng)用于四川省。但是四川屬于濕潤(rùn)半濕潤(rùn)的氣候特征,受多云天氣的影響,加之復(fù)雜的地勢(shì)地貌,以及地表覆被的垂直地帶性差異明顯,使得常規(guī)旱情監(jiān)測(cè)模型的應(yīng)用受到限制。本文以四川省日趨嚴(yán)重的夏季高溫伏旱為切入點(diǎn),考慮了研究區(qū)域地形復(fù)雜導(dǎo)致的氣候的顯著差異,從農(nóng)業(yè)旱情發(fā)生發(fā)展的植被覆蓋和地表溫度的外在表征以及降雨的內(nèi)在因素兩方面,充分利用MODIS、TRMM和DEM多源遙感數(shù)據(jù),構(gòu)建綜合地表溫度、植被覆蓋和降水的旱情遙感監(jiān)測(cè)SDCI模型,并通過(guò)與常規(guī)旱情監(jiān)測(cè)方法相關(guān)分析,確定最適于四川這一農(nóng)業(yè)大區(qū)旱情監(jiān)測(cè)模型SDCI的最優(yōu)權(quán)重組合。在此基礎(chǔ)上通過(guò)與研究區(qū)歷年干旱頻率和土壤墑情實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)的驗(yàn)證分析,劃分符合研究區(qū)夏季高溫伏旱SDCI旱情監(jiān)測(cè)模型的干旱等級(jí)閾值,進(jìn)行綜合考慮植被、溫度和降雨的四川地區(qū)夏季伏旱的等級(jí)區(qū)劃。研究結(jié)果表明:四川地勢(shì)東西高差懸殊,氣候多樣致使植被種類(lèi)和長(zhǎng)勢(shì)均有不同,故根據(jù)地勢(shì)地貌將研究區(qū)劃分為川西高原地區(qū)、高原與盆地過(guò)度區(qū)、川東盆地地區(qū)。川東盆地地區(qū)最大伏旱頻率約為66%左右,位于盆地大部分地區(qū),其中盆地東北部的達(dá)縣、南充和巴中東南地區(qū),西北部的綿陽(yáng)、德陽(yáng)以及東南部的資陽(yáng)、自貢、宜賓和瀘州等地伏旱發(fā)生頻率尤為顯著;盆地與高原過(guò)渡區(qū)最大伏旱頻率約為35%左右,多發(fā)生于川南高山地區(qū),以攀枝花和西昌南部及西南部較為突出;川西高原地區(qū)受季節(jié)性和永久性積雪冰川覆蓋影響較大,故干旱頻率約為20%左右,多分布于其南部和西南地區(qū),在西昌西北地區(qū)、康定中部和馬爾康西、東南部地區(qū)伏旱偶有發(fā)生。高溫伏旱多發(fā)生于2000、2002、2003、2005、2006、2007、2009、2011和2013年8月中旬至9月中旬,并且分布范圍廣泛,雖然6-8月伏旱時(shí)有發(fā)生,但伏旱強(qiáng)度不大且范圍相對(duì)較小。
[Abstract]:Sichuan is a region with complex landforms, diverse climate and frequent natural disasters, in which drought affects a wide range and has a long history, which has a great impact on regional industrial and agricultural production, people's life, ecological environment and so on. In recent years, Sichuan Province has been affected by drought disasters year by year, and the trend of frequent occurrence. Therefore, drought monitoring with an effective and suitable drought detection method in Sichuan region not only provides a theoretical basis for drought prevention and disaster reduction, but also contributes to the stable development of society, economy and environment. At present, there are many methods for drought monitoring using remote sensing data at home and abroad. Satellite remote sensing TM data such as MODIS data, precipitation TRMM data, domestic environmental small satellite data and wind and cloud series satellite data have been widely used in the field of real-time dynamic drought monitoring. The monitoring models and methods such as thermal infrared and microwave remote sensing can be widely and well applied to drought monitoring in various regions, in which the temperature vegetation index drought monitoring model is widely used in Sichuan Province. However, Sichuan is a humid and semi-humid climate, which is affected by cloudy weather, combined with the complex topography, and the obvious difference of vertical zonation of surface cover, which limits the application of conventional drought monitoring model. Based on the increasingly serious summer high temperature and drought in Sichuan Province, this paper considers the significant difference of climate caused by the complex topography in the study area. From the external representation of vegetation cover and surface temperature and the internal factors of rainfall, the comprehensive surface temperature is constructed by using the multi-source remote sensing data of MODISTRMM and DEM. The SDCI model of drought monitoring based on vegetation cover and precipitation was established by correlation analysis with the conventional drought monitoring method to determine the optimal weight combination of the drought monitoring model SDCI which is most suitable for this agricultural region in Sichuan province. On this basis, through the validation and analysis of drought frequency and soil moisture measured data over the years in the study area, the drought grade threshold of SDCI drought monitoring model for high temperature and drought in summer in the study area was divided, and the vegetation was considered synthetically. Temperature and rainfall of the Sichuan area in summer drought grade division. The results show that there is a great difference in height between east and west of Sichuan, and the diversity of climate leads to different vegetation types and growth. Therefore, the study area is divided into western Sichuan plateau area, plateau and basin transitional area, and eastern Sichuan basin area according to the topographic landform. The maximum frequency of drought in eastern Sichuan Basin is about 66%. It is located in most areas of the basin, including Daxian in the northeast of the basin, Nanchong and southeastern Bazhong, Mianyang and Deyang in the northwest, and Ziyang and Zigong in the southeast. In Yibin and Luzhou, the frequency of drought is about 35% in the transitional area of the basin and plateau, mostly in the high mountain area of south Sichuan, especially in the south and southwest of Panzhihua and Xichang. The seasonal and permanent snow and glacier cover affects the western Sichuan Plateau greatly, so the frequency of drought is about 20%, mostly distributed in the south and southwest of Sichuan, in the northwest of Xichang, in the middle of Kangding and Marcomcie, in the northwest of Xichang, in the central part of Kangding and in Marcomcie. Drought has occasionally occurred in the southeastern part of the country. The high temperature drought occurred in the middle of August, 2011 and in mid-September 2013, and the drought occurred frequently in June and August, but the intensity of drought was not large and the range was relatively small.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都信息工程學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S423
本文編號(hào)：2166054
[Abstract]:Sichuan is a region with complex landforms, diverse climate and frequent natural disasters, in which drought affects a wide range and has a long history, which has a great impact on regional industrial and agricultural production, people's life, ecological environment and so on. In recent years, Sichuan Province has been affected by drought disasters year by year, and the trend of frequent occurrence. Therefore, drought monitoring with an effective and suitable drought detection method in Sichuan region not only provides a theoretical basis for drought prevention and disaster reduction, but also contributes to the stable development of society, economy and environment. At present, there are many methods for drought monitoring using remote sensing data at home and abroad. Satellite remote sensing TM data such as MODIS data, precipitation TRMM data, domestic environmental small satellite data and wind and cloud series satellite data have been widely used in the field of real-time dynamic drought monitoring. The monitoring models and methods such as thermal infrared and microwave remote sensing can be widely and well applied to drought monitoring in various regions, in which the temperature vegetation index drought monitoring model is widely used in Sichuan Province. However, Sichuan is a humid and semi-humid climate, which is affected by cloudy weather, combined with the complex topography, and the obvious difference of vertical zonation of surface cover, which limits the application of conventional drought monitoring model. Based on the increasingly serious summer high temperature and drought in Sichuan Province, this paper considers the significant difference of climate caused by the complex topography in the study area. From the external representation of vegetation cover and surface temperature and the internal factors of rainfall, the comprehensive surface temperature is constructed by using the multi-source remote sensing data of MODISTRMM and DEM. The SDCI model of drought monitoring based on vegetation cover and precipitation was established by correlation analysis with the conventional drought monitoring method to determine the optimal weight combination of the drought monitoring model SDCI which is most suitable for this agricultural region in Sichuan province. On this basis, through the validation and analysis of drought frequency and soil moisture measured data over the years in the study area, the drought grade threshold of SDCI drought monitoring model for high temperature and drought in summer in the study area was divided, and the vegetation was considered synthetically. Temperature and rainfall of the Sichuan area in summer drought grade division. The results show that there is a great difference in height between east and west of Sichuan, and the diversity of climate leads to different vegetation types and growth. Therefore, the study area is divided into western Sichuan plateau area, plateau and basin transitional area, and eastern Sichuan basin area according to the topographic landform. The maximum frequency of drought in eastern Sichuan Basin is about 66%. It is located in most areas of the basin, including Daxian in the northeast of the basin, Nanchong and southeastern Bazhong, Mianyang and Deyang in the northwest, and Ziyang and Zigong in the southeast. In Yibin and Luzhou, the frequency of drought is about 35% in the transitional area of the basin and plateau, mostly in the high mountain area of south Sichuan, especially in the south and southwest of Panzhihua and Xichang. The seasonal and permanent snow and glacier cover affects the western Sichuan Plateau greatly, so the frequency of drought is about 20%, mostly distributed in the south and southwest of Sichuan, in the northwest of Xichang, in the middle of Kangding and Marcomcie, in the northwest of Xichang, in the central part of Kangding and in Marcomcie. Drought has occasionally occurred in the southeastern part of the country. The high temperature drought occurred in the middle of August, 2011 and in mid-September 2013, and the drought occurred frequently in June and August, but the intensity of drought was not large and the range was relatively small.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都信息工程學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S423
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 邢啟新;馬明奎;高峰;劉爽;趙秀英;;遙感技術(shù)在2014年吉林省西部春旱監(jiān)測(cè)中的應(yīng)用[J];現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)科技;2014年17期
，本文編號(hào)：2166054
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