本文選題：堆肥 + 堆肥浸提液��； 參考：《山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：為了進(jìn)一步探討如何更好地利用堆肥與堆肥浸提液,為堆肥及其浸提液在蔬菜生產(chǎn)中應(yīng)用提供理論依據(jù),本論文研究了不同堆肥與堆肥浸提液對(duì)白菜栽培中土壤養(yǎng)分變化、白菜酶活性變化以及收獲期品質(zhì)影響,不同用量堆肥及堆肥浸提液對(duì)西紅柿果實(shí)品質(zhì)的影響,以及堆肥浸提殘?jiān)诳兹覆菰耘嗌系膽?yīng)用。主要研究結(jié)果如下:1不同堆肥均可以顯著提高土壤中養(yǎng)分含量,雞糞堆肥(A3)對(duì)提高土壤中全氮、速效磷含量效果最顯著,秸稈堆肥(A5)提高土壤中速效鉀、有機(jī)質(zhì)含量效果最顯著;澆灌堆肥浸提液可以顯著提高土壤中全氮、速效鉀含量。施用堆肥與澆灌堆肥浸提液可以提高白菜酶活性。施用堆肥與施用化肥相比可以降低白菜硝酸鹽含量,秸稈堆肥效果最佳,澆灌堆肥浸提液可以降低白菜硝酸鹽含量。不同堆肥對(duì)白菜單株重影響不同,A4單株重2.92kg顯著高于其他處理。澆灌堆肥浸提液會(huì)提高白菜單株重,不施堆肥情況下澆灌浸提液比對(duì)照單株重提高了16.74%。2堆肥處理會(huì)提高西紅柿中可溶性糖含量,提高果實(shí)中VC含量,提高西紅柿番茄紅素含量,提高西紅柿口感,施用堆肥會(huì)降低果實(shí)中硝酸鹽含量,施用過(guò)量堆肥會(huì)提高果實(shí)中硝酸鹽含量,堆肥施用量為4kg/m~2效果最佳。3澆灌堆肥浸提液可以顯著提高果實(shí)中可溶性糖、番茄紅素含量、果實(shí)中VC含量,提高西紅柿口感,降低果實(shí)中硝酸鹽含量。堆肥浸提液澆灌量為2kg/m~2時(shí)提高西紅柿果實(shí)品質(zhì)的效果最為顯著。4在土壤中添加堆肥浸提殘?jiān)鼤?huì)顯著降低土壤容重,當(dāng)土壤與堆肥殘?jiān)w積比1:2(D2)與不施加堆肥浸提殘?jiān)?CK)相比降低了100%。在土壤中添加堆肥浸提殘?jiān)?土壤中全氮、有效磷、速效鉀含量與CK相比顯著增加,D2對(duì)全氮、有效磷、速效鉀含量的提升效果最顯著,其次為土壤與堆肥浸提殘?jiān)w積比為1:1(D1)。在土壤中添加堆肥浸提殘較CK會(huì)顯著增加孔雀草地上部鉀素積累量,土壤與堆肥浸提殘?jiān)w積比為2:1(D3)地上部鉀素積累量最高。在土壤中添加堆肥浸提殘均能夠顯著提高孔雀草開(kāi)花量,土壤與堆肥殘?jiān)壤?:1效果最好,添加過(guò)量反而會(huì)減少開(kāi)花數(shù)量。
[Abstract]:In order to further explore how to make better use of compost and compost extract to provide theoretical basis for the application of compost and its extract in vegetable production, this paper studied the changes of soil nutrients in Chinese cabbage cultivated by different compost and compost extracts. The effects of different compost and compost extract on the fruit quality of tomato, and the application of compost residue in the cultivation of peacock grass. The main results were as follows: (1) different composts could significantly increase soil nutrient content, chicken manure compost (A3) had the most significant effect on increasing total nitrogen and available phosphorus content, straw compost (A5) could increase available potassium in soil, and chicken manure compost (A3) could increase soil total nitrogen and phosphorus content. The content of organic matter was the most significant, and the content of total nitrogen and available potassium in soil could be significantly increased by pouring compost extract. The enzyme activity of cabbage could be improved by applying compost and pouring compost extract. Compared with the application of chemical fertilizer, the nitrate content of Chinese cabbage can be reduced by applying compost, the effect of straw composting is the best, and the nitrate content of Chinese cabbage can be reduced by the extract of irrigated compost. The effect of different compost on single plant weight of Chinese cabbage was significantly higher than that of other treatments. The single plant weight of Chinese cabbage was increased by pouring compost extract, and the soluble sugar content, VC content and lycopene content in tomato were increased by 16.74.2% compost treatment without composting. The content of nitrate in fruit could be decreased by applying compost and the content of nitrate in fruit could be increased by applying excessive compost. The content of soluble sugar in fruit could be increased significantly when the amount of compost applied was the best for 4kg/m~2. 3. The extract of compost could increase the content of soluble sugar in fruit. The content of lycopene and the content of VC in fruit can improve the taste of tomato and decrease the content of nitrate in fruit. The effect of increasing tomato fruit quality by pouring 2 kg / m ~ 2 of compost extract solution was the most significant. 4. Adding compost extract residue to soil could significantly reduce soil bulk density. When the volume ratio of soil to compost residue was 1:2 (D2) and no compost extraction residue (CK) was applied, the ratio of soil to compost residue decreased by 100%. The contents of total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in the soil increased significantly compared with CK after adding compost to extract residue. The promotion effect of D 2 on total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium was the most significant, followed by the volume ratio of soil to residue extracted from compost was 1:1 (D1). The accumulation of potassium in the upper part of the peacock grassland was significantly increased by adding compost residue to the soil, and the highest potassium accumulation was found in the aboveground part of the peafowl grassland at the volume ratio of 2:1 (D3). The addition of compost to the soil can significantly increase the flowering amount of Peacock grass, and the ratio of soil to compost residue is the best at 2:1, but the amount of flowering will be reduced by adding excessive amount of compost.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S141.4

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