本文選題：有機無機肥 + 配施��； 參考：《山東農業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：針對濱海鹽堿土鹽漬化嚴重、棉花生長不良且產(chǎn)量低等問題,通過研究有機無機肥配施對濱海鹽堿土化學性狀和棉花產(chǎn)量品質的影響,探索濱海鹽堿地棉花種植的有機無機肥最優(yōu)配比和用量,以期為黃河三角洲區(qū)域濱海鹽堿地改良、提升棉花生產(chǎn)能力提供有效的降鹽增效施肥模式。本試驗采用山東省濱州市無棣縣渤海糧倉科技示范工程中心的濱海鹽堿土,在山東農業(yè)大學資源與環(huán)境學院南校區(qū)試驗站進行了棉花盆栽試驗。本研究以有機肥用量為主區(qū),設0、6000、12000kg/hm~2;以無機肥配比和用量為副區(qū),設0 kg/hm~2,N-P2O5-K2O:210 kg/hm~2-75 kg/hm~2-75 kg/hm~2、N-P2O5-K2O:105 kg/hm~2-37.5kg/hm~2-37.5 kg/hm~2和N-P2O5-K2O:180 kg/hm~2-120 kg/hm~2-60 kg/hm~2、N-P2O5-K2O:90kg/hm~2-60 kg/hm~2-30 kg/hm~2五個無機肥配比和用量進行試驗,研究結果如下:(1)各施肥處理均有控鹽效應。與其他處理相比,有機無機肥配施F3P2(有機肥12000kg/hm~2;N-P2O5-K2O:90 kg/hm~2-60 kg/hm~2-30 kg/hm~2)在棉花成熟期土壤全鹽含量降低2.32%~34.16%、電導率降低了0.88%~31.92%、pH值降低0.01~0.17個單位、有機質含量提高了0.08%~6.90%,為最優(yōu)控鹽和調控鹽堿土環(huán)境的有機無機肥配施模式。(2)在本試驗條件下,有機無機肥配施的F3P2處理(有機肥12000kg/hm~2;N-P2O5-K2O:90 kg/hm~2-60 kg/hm~2-30 kg/hm~2)較其它施肥處理提高土壤全氮、硝態(tài)氮、銨態(tài)氮含量分別達到0.22%~5.64%,1.73%~39.13%和0.65%~32.95%。與其他施肥處理相比,有機無機肥配施的F3P2處理速效鉀及有效磷分別增加0.95%~12.77%和0.8%~28.17%,是較好的保育土壤養(yǎng)分的施肥模式。(3)與其它處理相比,有機無機肥配施F3P2(有機肥12000kg/hm~2;N-P2O5-K2O:90 kg/hm~2-60 kg/hm~2-30 kg/hm~2)處理棉花的株高增加了0.47%~57.25%,莖粗增加了2.94%~55.52%,棉花葉片SPAD值、光合速率分別提高了0.42%~38.97%、0.55%~44.64%。(4)有機無機肥配施F3P2處理比單施無機肥或單施有機肥顯著的增加了棉花的產(chǎn)量和植株干物質量,與其它處理相比,F3P2處理提高產(chǎn)量,生物量分別為2.23%~210%,0.67%~44.41%;并有效提高了濱海鹽堿土棉花纖維強度、斷裂比強度、整齊度等品質指標,是提升濱海鹽堿地棉花產(chǎn)量和品質的最優(yōu)施肥模式。
[Abstract]:In view of the problems of serious salinization, poor growth of cotton and low yield, the effects of organic and inorganic fertilizers on chemical properties and cotton yield and quality of coastal saline soil were studied. To explore the optimum proportion and dosage of organic and inorganic fertilizer for cotton planting in coastal saline and alkali land, in order to provide an effective model of reducing salt and increasing fertilizer application for improving coastal saline and alkali land in Yellow River Delta region and enhancing cotton production capacity. In this experiment, the cotton pot experiment was carried out at the south campus of Shandong Agricultural University, Wudi County, Shandong Province, using the coastal saline-alkali soil of Bohai granary Science and Technology demonstration Engineering Center. 鏈爺絀朵互鏈夋満鑲ョ敤閲忎負涓誨尯,璁，

本文編號：2053421