本文選題：永久基本農(nóng)田 + 城市周邊�。� 參考：《江西農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：耕地資源作為我國最寶貴的資源,是人類生存和發(fā)展的基礎。2017年1月,中共中央、國務院印發(fā)的《關于加強耕地保護和改進占補平衡的意見》中指出:加強耕地數(shù)量、質(zhì)量、生態(tài)“三位一體”保護,要像保護大熊貓一樣保護耕地,必須堅守18億畝耕地紅線不突破,堅持最嚴格的耕地保護制度,嚴格劃定永久基本農(nóng)田并實行特殊保護。但是近年來,城鎮(zhèn)化與工業(yè)化的速度越來越快,經(jīng)濟持續(xù)快速增長,城市發(fā)展與耕地保護的矛盾越來越尖銳。由于缺乏新型城鎮(zhèn)化的理念,在城市發(fā)展過程中,片面追求經(jīng)濟發(fā)展,不少優(yōu)質(zhì)耕地被頻繁占用,造成了大量優(yōu)質(zhì)耕地資源低效利用與浪費,這一矛盾在城市周邊更加突出。為此,2015年3月,國土資源部、農(nóng)業(yè)部聯(lián)合下發(fā)《關于切實做好106個重點城市周邊永久基本農(nóng)田劃定工作有關事項的通知》(國土資廳發(fā)[2015]14號)中特別指出:根據(jù)已有的工作基礎,優(yōu)先將城鎮(zhèn)周邊以及交通沿線易被占用的優(yōu)質(zhì)連片耕地劃入永久基本農(nóng)田,并充分結合城市開發(fā)邊界、生態(tài)保護紅線共同劃定城市周邊永久基本農(nóng)田,引導各地向衛(wèi)星式、組團式、串聯(lián)式的新型城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展的方向邁進。本文以城市周邊永久基本農(nóng)田劃定為背景,以全面合理劃定永久基本農(nóng)田為切入點,從永久基本農(nóng)田優(yōu)質(zhì)集中的要求與生態(tài)保護、城市經(jīng)濟發(fā)展之間的矛盾入手,在“多規(guī)合一”的背景下,進一步探討城市周邊永久基本農(nóng)田的劃定方法。在構建耕地綜合質(zhì)量評價指標體系的基礎上,通過協(xié)調(diào)永久基本農(nóng)田控制線與生態(tài)保護紅線及城市開發(fā)邊界之間的矛盾,最終實現(xiàn)城市周邊永久基本農(nóng)田的科學劃定,并以鷹潭市為例進行了實證研究,研究結果表明:(1)本文通過對永久基本農(nóng)田保護面臨的壓力以及功能分析,探討了永久基本農(nóng)田的內(nèi)涵,并在此基礎上,建立了永久基本農(nóng)田劃定的理論體系,提出永久基本農(nóng)田的劃定既要保證耕地的優(yōu)質(zhì)集中,同時也要與生態(tài)環(huán)境保護、城市發(fā)展相協(xié)調(diào)。(2)本文提出了城市周邊永久基本農(nóng)田劃定的四個關鍵點:數(shù)量上,主要依據(jù)相關政策文件中的要求,并結合研究區(qū)實際情況后確定永久基本農(nóng)田的數(shù)量目標;質(zhì)量上,在耕地自然質(zhì)量和連片條件評價的基礎上,引入“綜合等別”的概念,依據(jù)耕地圖斑占連片地塊的比例確定基本農(nóng)田綜合等別;集中連片度上,在ArcGIS平臺上,通過設定連片閾值,采用緩沖區(qū)分析法確定研究區(qū)耕地連片地塊面積大小,以此判定基本農(nóng)田集中連片條件;空間布局上,協(xié)調(diào)分析永久基本農(nóng)田與生態(tài)控制線及城市開發(fā)邊界的矛盾,一方面,遵循優(yōu)先保護生態(tài)安全原則,對生態(tài)控制線內(nèi)的基本農(nóng)田進行調(diào)出處理。另一方面,城市開發(fā)邊界與永久基本農(nóng)田的矛盾,按照優(yōu)先落實耕地保護目標,同時遵循城市集中發(fā)展原則,依據(jù)永久基本農(nóng)田核實舉證要求,對基本農(nóng)田進行調(diào)入調(diào)出處理,最終確定城市周邊永久基本農(nóng)田的劃定方案。(3)本文以ArcGIS為技術手段,對城市周邊耕地自然質(zhì)量、連片條件以及綜合質(zhì)量進行了評定。耕地自然質(zhì)量評價主要依據(jù)農(nóng)用地分等規(guī)程及相關研究,選取土壤類型、土壤質(zhì)地、有機質(zhì)含量、地形坡度、灌溉保證率、排水條件六項指標構建了耕地自然質(zhì)量評價體系,其中指標屬性采用克里金插值與重分類法獲取,權重采用特爾斐法獲得;耕地連片條件評價主要以確定的20 m連片閾值,采用ArcGIS的Buffer功能進行緩沖區(qū)分析,以此得到耕地的連片地塊與連片面積;在耕地自然質(zhì)量與連片條件評價的基礎上,依據(jù)耕地圖斑占連片地塊的比例,引入“綜合等別”的概念,以此進行綜合質(zhì)量等別的劃分。評價結果顯示:鷹潭市城市周邊耕地總面積為5436.84hm2,其中耕地自然質(zhì)量I級耕地面積為672.33 hm2,II級耕地面積為1556.16 hm2,III級耕地面積為1125.40 hm2,IV級耕地面積為1449.86 hm2,V級耕地面積的633.09hm2;耕地連片地塊個數(shù)為392個,最大連片面積為826.44 hm2,最小連片面積為0.04hm2;耕地綜合等別介于1-5等之間。(4)本文以鷹潭市為研究區(qū)域,開展了城市周邊永久基本農(nóng)田劃定的實證分析。首先,在科學評價耕地綜合質(zhì)量的基礎上,以綜合等別由小到大及限制最小連片地塊面積確定永久基本農(nóng)田的初步劃定成果;并在“多規(guī)合一”的背景下,通過協(xié)調(diào)永久基本農(nóng)田控制線與生態(tài)控制線、城市開發(fā)邊界的矛盾,對永久基本農(nóng)田進行調(diào)入調(diào)出處理,最終形成了城市周邊永久農(nóng)田劃定成果方案。結果顯示:永久基本農(nóng)田初步劃定面積為3368.02 hm2,連片地塊為16個,綜合等別介于1和3.83之間,連片地塊面積介于21.77 hm2和826.44 hm2之間。通過“多規(guī)合一”矛盾分析,調(diào)入面積為678.20hm2,調(diào)出的面積為721.59 hm2,其中因為生態(tài)控制線重疊而調(diào)出的面積為28.70 hm2;因城市開發(fā)邊界調(diào)出的面積為667.82 hm2;因布局優(yōu)化調(diào)出面積為24.07 hm2。最終劃定的鷹潭市城市周邊永久基本農(nóng)田面積為3325.63 hm2,保護率為61.17%,在數(shù)量上嚴格落實了鷹潭市城市周邊永久基本農(nóng)田保護目標的3262.1 hm2,即多劃了63.53hm2。(5)本文從數(shù)量、質(zhì)量、連片條件及空間分布四個方面,通過對比上一輪土地利用總體規(guī)劃中確定的基本農(nóng)田,對此次劃定的永久基本農(nóng)田進行了合理性分析。分析結果顯示,永久基本農(nóng)田劃定結果更趨于合理,在數(shù)量上,永久基本農(nóng)田比規(guī)劃基本農(nóng)田多劃了354.10 hm2,保護率提高了6.51%,滿足了鷹潭市城市周邊永久基本農(nóng)田保護指標;質(zhì)量上,綜合等別在4級以上的耕地綜合質(zhì)量相對較差的耕地未被劃入永久基本農(nóng)田,同時綜合等別為1-3等的基本農(nóng)田比例都有所上升,即永久基永久基本農(nóng)田相比于規(guī)劃基本農(nóng)田,將更高質(zhì)量的耕地劃入基本農(nóng)田,體現(xiàn)了永久基本農(nóng)田劃定的“劃優(yōu)不劃劣”的目標;連片條件上,永久基本農(nóng)田連片地塊為29個,最大連片地塊面積為752.33 hm2,最小連片地塊面積為21.07 hm2,規(guī)劃基本農(nóng)田耕地連片地塊為107個,最大連片地塊面積為553.13 hm2,最小連片地塊面積為0.04 hm2,永久基本農(nóng)田的連片程度較規(guī)劃基本農(nóng)田有了一定程度的提高,體現(xiàn)了永久基本農(nóng)田劃定的“劃整不劃零”的目標;空間分布上,永久基本農(nóng)田更為合理,既遵循了生態(tài)保護、耕地保護優(yōu)先的原則,同時預留了城市經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的合理空間。
[Abstract]:As the most valuable resource in China, arable land is the basis of human survival and development in January. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the State Council issued the opinion on strengthening the protection and improvement of cultivated land, pointed out that the protection of the trinity of cultivated land, quality and ecology should be strengthened, and the protection of cultivated land, like the protection of giant pandas, must be held to 18. 18 There is no breakthrough in the red line of arable land, the strictest farmland protection system is adhered to, and the permanent basic farmland is strictly delimited and special protection is carried out. However, in recent years, the speed of urbanization and industrialization is getting faster and faster, the economy continues to grow rapidly, the contradiction between urban development and cultivated land protection is becoming more and more acute. In the course of development, one sided pursuit of economic development, a lot of high quality cultivated land is frequently occupied, resulting in a large number of high-quality cultivated land resources inefficient use and waste, this contradiction is more prominent around the city. For this reason, in March 2015, the Ministry of land and resources, the Ministry of agriculture jointly issued < about 106 key cities perimeter permanent basic farmland delimit work According to the existing work basis, the notice of the relevant matters ([2015]14) of the Department of homeland capital (HLC) indicates that, according to the existing work basis, priority will be given to the perimeter of the town and the easily occupied high quality plowing land along the traffic line into permanent basic farmland, and the urban development boundary is fully combined, and the red line of the ecological protection is used to delimit the permanent basic farmland around the city and guide the various parts of the city. This paper takes the satellite, group, and series type of new urbanization development direction. This paper takes the permanent basic farmland around the city as the background, in order to fully and reasonably delimit the permanent basic farmland as the breakthrough point, starting with the contradiction between the requirements of the high quality concentration of the permanent basic farmland, the ecological protection and the urban economic development, in the "multi regulation one" On the basis of the construction of comprehensive quality evaluation index system of cultivated land, by coordinating the contradiction between the permanent basic farmland control line and the ecological protection red line and the urban development boundary, the scientific demarcation of the permanent basic farmland around the city is finally realized, and Yingtan is finally realized, on the basis of the construction of the comprehensive quality evaluation index system of the cultivated land. The results show that: (1) through the analysis of the pressure and function of permanent basic farmland protection, the connotation of permanent basic farmland is discussed. On this basis, the theory system of permanent basic farmland delimit is established, and the definition of permanent basic farmland should not only ensure the quality of the cultivated land, but also ensure the quality of the cultivated land. At the same time, we should also coordinate with the ecological environment protection and urban development. (2) this paper puts forward four key points for the delimit of permanent basic farmland around the city: the quantity, according to the requirements in the relevant policy documents, and the quantitative target of the permanent basic farmland based on the actual situation of the study area; quality, the natural quality and strip of the cultivated land. On the basis of the evaluation, the concept of "comprehensive equivalence" was introduced and the basic farmland was determined on the basis of the proportion of ploughing map spots in the continuous plots. On the ArcGIS platform, the area size of the plot plots of cultivated land in the study area was determined by setting the threshold value and the buffer zone analysis method was used to determine the concentration of the basic farmland. On the other hand, the contradiction between the urban development boundary and the permanent basic farmland, on the other hand, the contradiction between the urban development boundary and the permanent basic farmland, on the other hand, in accordance with the priority of the protection of the cultivated land. At the same time, according to the principle of urban centralized development, according to the verification requirements of the permanent basic farmland, the basic farmland is adjusted and processed, and the delimiting scheme of the permanent basic farmland around the city is determined. (3) this paper takes ArcGIS as the technical means to evaluate the self quality of the cultivated land around the city, the continuous conditions and the comprehensive quality. The land natural quality evaluation mainly based on the agricultural land classification regulations and related research, selected soil type, soil texture, organic matter content, terrain slope, irrigation guarantee rate and drainage condition six indexes to construct the cultivated land natural quality evaluation system, among which the index attributes were obtained by Kerrey gold interpolation and heavy classification method, and the weight was obtained by Delphi method. In order to obtain the 20 m serial threshold of cultivated land, the ArcGIS Buffer function was used to analyze the land block and the area of continuous cropland. On the basis of the evaluation of the natural quality and connection conditions of the cultivated land, the concept of "comprehensive equal difference" was introduced according to the proportion of the ploughed map spots in the continuous plots. The evaluation results show that the total area of arable land around Yingtan city is 5436.84hm2, in which the natural quality of cultivated land is 672.33 Hm2, the area of II arable land is 1556.16 Hm2, the area of III grade arable land is 1125.40 Hm2, the area of IV grade is 1449.86 Hm2, the V grade of cultivated land is 633.09hm2; the cultivated land is continuous. The number of blocks is 392, the largest continuous area is 826.44 Hm2, the minimum area is 0.04hm2, and the comprehensive cultivated land is between 1-5 and so on. (4) this paper takes Yingtan as the research area, and carries out an empirical analysis of the permanent basic farmland delimit around the city. Under the background of "multi regulation", the contradiction between the permanent basic farmland control line and the ecological control line, the contradiction of the urban development boundary, the permanent basic farmland is transferred and processed in the context of "multi compliance". Finally, the result of the permanent farmland surrounding the city is formed. The result showed that the area of permanent basic farmland was preliminarily delimited by 3368.02 Hm2, and the plot plots were 16, and the total area was between 1 and 3.83. The area of the plot was between 21.77 hm2 and 826.44 hm2. The area was 678.20hm2 and the area was 721.59 hm2 through the "multi gauge one" contradiction analysis, which was due to the overlap of the ecological control line. The area is 28.70 Hm2, and the area of the urban development boundary is 667.82 hm2; the permanent basic farmland area around Yingtan city is 3325.63 hm2 and the protection rate is 61.17% because of the optimization and adjustment of the area of 24.07 hm2.. The number of the permanent basic farmland protection targets around the city of Yingtan city is strictly implemented in the number of 326. 2.1 Hm2, that is, 63.53hm2. (5), this article from the quantity, quality, connection conditions and spatial distribution of four aspects, through the comparison of the basic farmland defined in the overall planning of the last round of land use, the reasonableness analysis of the established permanent basic farmland is carried out. The results show that the result of the permanent basic farmland delimit is more reasonable, and the number of the permanent basic farmland is more reasonable. On the other hand, the permanent basic farmland is 354.10 hm2 more than the planned basic farmland, and the protection rate is increased by 6.51%, which meets the permanent basic farmland protection index of Yingtan city. The proportion of the farmland is rising, that is, the permanent basic farmland is compared to the basic farmland, and the higher quality arable land is divided into the basic farmland, which embodies the goal of "delimiting the advantages and not the inferior" of the permanent basic farmland. On the continuous condition, the permanent basic farmland block is 29, the largest continuous plot area is 752.33 Hm2, and the smallest serial is connected. The area of the massif is 21.07 Hm2, and there are 107 plot plots in the basic farmland. The area of the largest continuous plots is 553.13 hm2 and the area of the smallest continuous plot is 0.04 hm2. The continuous basic farmland has a certain degree of improvement over the planned basic farmland, which embodies the goal of "delimiting the zero" of the permanent basic farmland. The distribution of permanent basic farmland is more reasonable, which not only follows the principle of ecological protection and priority protection of cultivated land, but also reserves reasonable space for urban economic development.
【學位授予單位】：江西農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F323.211

【參考文獻】

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本文編號：2012826