本文選題：生物有效磷 + 磷形態(tài)�。� 參考：《山地學(xué)報(bào)》2016年04期

【摘要】：土壤磷生物地球化學(xué)特征受巖性、氣候、土壤年齡、理化性質(zhì)、地形、植物和微生物活動(dòng)等因素的共同影響。山地植被和土壤垂直帶譜為研究這些因素的相對(duì)重要性提供了理想試驗(yàn)場(chǎng)。選取未受人類破壞的貢嘎山燕子溝5個(gè)垂直植被帶(裸地、高山灌叢帶、暗針葉林帶、針闊混交林帶和闊葉林帶,海拔分別為3 761 m、3 600 m、3 403 m、2 700 m和2 334 m),采集了40個(gè)土樣,測(cè)定了土壤的基本理化性質(zhì),并采用連續(xù)提取法測(cè)定了土壤的生物有效磷、鋁結(jié)合態(tài)磷、鐵結(jié)合態(tài)磷、原生礦物磷、有機(jī)磷和殘余態(tài)磷。結(jié)果表明,燕子溝土壤A層部分磷形態(tài)的空間分布呈現(xiàn)明顯的垂直地帶性特征。土壤A層的原生礦物磷隨海拔的降低而顯著降低,有機(jī)磷則呈現(xiàn)與原生礦物磷相反的變化趨勢(shì)。而生物有效磷始終較低,次生礦物磷(鋁和鐵結(jié)合態(tài)磷)也較低,殘余態(tài)磷的含量變化不大,始終是土壤總磷的最大組分。在高海拔地區(qū)原生礦物磷是總磷的第二大組分,而在低海拔地區(qū),有機(jī)磷則成為總磷的第二大組分。植物是控制燕子溝土壤磷空間分布的相對(duì)重要因素,植物一方面通過控制土壤p H進(jìn)而影響土壤原生礦物磷的含量,另一方面直接吸收生物有效磷,并將其轉(zhuǎn)化為有機(jī)磷,導(dǎo)致有機(jī)磷隨海拔降低而顯著增加。此外,植物還通過"泵吸作用"導(dǎo)致總磷在土壤剖面上呈現(xiàn)由表層向底層降低的分布模式。次生礦物磷含量較低表明地球化學(xué)作用在影響燕子溝土壤磷生物有效性的作用相對(duì)較小。
[Abstract]:The biogeochemical characteristics of soil phosphorus are influenced by lithology, climate, soil age, physical and chemical properties, topography, plant and microbial activities. Mountain vegetation and soil vertical band spectrum provide an ideal test ground for studying the relative importance of these factors. Five vertical vegetation zones (bare land, alpine shrub belt, dark coniferous forest belt, coniferous and broadleaved forest belt) in the Yanzigou, Gongga Mountain, were selected and their elevation was 3 761 m ~ 3 600 m ~ 3 403 m ~ (2 700 m) and 2 334 m ~ (-1), respectively, and 40 soil samples were collected. The basic physical and chemical properties of the soil were determined, and the bioavailable phosphorus, aluminum bound phosphorus, iron bound phosphorus, primary mineral phosphorus, organic phosphorus and residual phosphorus were determined by continuous extraction method. The results showed that the spatial distribution of phosphorus forms in A layer of Yanzigou soil showed obvious vertical zonal characteristics. The primary mineral phosphorus of the A layer of soil decreased significantly with the decrease of altitude, while the organic phosphorus showed a trend opposite to that of the primary mineral phosphorus. But the bioavailable phosphorus was always low, the secondary mineral phosphorus (aluminum and iron bound phosphorus) was lower, the content of residual phosphorus changed little, and was always the largest component of total phosphorus in soil. Phosphorus is the second major component of total phosphorus in high altitude area, and organic phosphorus is the second largest component in low altitude area. Plant is a relative important factor to control the spatial distribution of phosphorus in Yanzigou soil. On the one hand, the plant controls soil pH and then affects the content of soil primary mineral phosphorus, on the other hand, it directly absorbs bioavailable phosphorus and converts it into organic phosphorus. As a result, organophosphorus increased significantly with the decrease of altitude. In addition, the distribution pattern of total phosphorus in soil profile was reduced from the surface to the bottom. The low phosphorus content of secondary minerals indicates that geochemical action has a relatively small effect on the bioavailability of phosphorus in Yanzigou soil.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)科學(xué)院山地表生過程與生態(tài)調(diào)控重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室/中國(guó)科學(xué)院水利部成都山地災(zāi)害與環(huán)境研究所;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41401253和41272200)資助~~
【分類號(hào)】：S153
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本文編號(hào)：1849754