本文選題：土壤磁性 + 特征　； 參考：《新疆師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：旅游業(yè)的快速發(fā)展給經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會帶來了巨大收益,然而,由此帶來的環(huán)境問題也日益凸顯。土壤是旅游景區(qū)主要的環(huán)境載體,景區(qū)旅游設(shè)施建設(shè)、旅游交通、游客踐踏等干擾對土壤環(huán)境產(chǎn)生影響,土壤則通過其理化性狀變化對這種人為干擾產(chǎn)生響應(yīng)。土壤磁性是土壤重要的物理屬性,其性質(zhì)變化可以反映人為因素對土壤環(huán)境的影響。但是大量研究成果中,對旅游景區(qū)土壤磁學(xué)性質(zhì)進(jìn)行分析,進(jìn)而揭示其環(huán)境意義的相關(guān)研究并不多見,因此,非常有必要加強(qiáng)此方面的研究。本研究依托導(dǎo)師國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目,以環(huán)境磁學(xué)基本理論和土壤磁學(xué)研究成果為理論依據(jù)和支撐,選取新疆天山天池景區(qū)為研究區(qū),以景區(qū)內(nèi)攜帶不同環(huán)境變化信息的表層土壤和剖面土壤為研究對象,借助環(huán)境磁學(xué)的方法,對景區(qū)土壤樣品的磁性參數(shù)進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)測定,分析了景區(qū)不同旅游干擾區(qū)土壤的磁學(xué)特征及空間分布格局,并對其所蘊(yùn)含的環(huán)境指示意義進(jìn)行探討。研究結(jié)果表明:(1)天山天池景區(qū)表層以亞鐵磁性礦物(磁鐵礦)為主;土壤磁性礦物含量適中;磁性顆粒主要由穩(wěn)定單疇(SSD)粗顆粒和超順磁(SP)顆粒構(gòu)成。不同區(qū)域土壤磁學(xué)特征存在差異,旅游活動區(qū)土壤亞鐵磁性礦物含量高于未干擾區(qū),土壤磁性顆粒較粗。未干擾區(qū)則相反。單因素方差分析表明,活動區(qū)與未干擾區(qū)在土壤磁性礦物含量和顆粒上存在顯著差異,表明旅游干擾對活動區(qū)土壤磁性影響顯著,未干擾區(qū)土壤磁性特征主要與自然成土過程有關(guān)。(2)土壤剖面磁性礦物以亞鐵磁性礦物(磁鐵礦)為主,不同區(qū)域(交通區(qū)、食宿區(qū)、對照區(qū))土壤磁性礦物含量和顆粒存在差異,交通區(qū)各層次土壤磁性礦物含量顯著高于對照區(qū)和食宿區(qū)。在垂直方向上,土壤亞鐵磁性礦物含量隨深度增加而大體下降,且相對于下層土壤(20~50 cm)而言,交通區(qū)上層土壤(0~20cm)顆粒較粗,磁性較強(qiáng),表明旅游交通對土壤磁性特征產(chǎn)生明顯影響。食宿區(qū)土壤亞鐵磁性物質(zhì)含量隨深度增加而增加,上層土壤(0~30 cm)磁性顆粒比下層土壤(30~50 cm)細(xì),這與該區(qū)土壤受到人為翻新和擾動有關(guān),對照區(qū)受自然成土作用影響,土壤磁性礦物含量隨深度增加而降低,上層顆粒比下層顆粒細(xì)。(3)空間分析表明:環(huán)湖帶狀區(qū)域土壤亞鐵磁性礦物富集程度高。其中海北定海神針至西王母祖廟區(qū)域?yàn)橥寥来判缘V物含量高值區(qū)。而向外過渡至外圍區(qū),土壤的磁性礦物含量降低,顆粒較細(xì)。從典型樣點(diǎn)的空間分布格局看,磁性礦物含量高值點(diǎn)與景區(qū)停車場、碼頭、景區(qū)公路和區(qū)間車道等旅游設(shè)施的分布具有一致性,表明景區(qū)土壤主要受到旅游交通和專門服務(wù)設(shè)施活動的干擾。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of tourism has brought enormous benefits to the economy and society. However, the environmental problems brought about by it have become increasingly prominent.Soil is the main environmental carrier in scenic spots. Tourist facilities construction, tourist traffic, tourist trampling and other disturbances have an impact on the soil environment, and the soil response to this human disturbance through the changes of its physical and chemical properties.Soil magnetism is an important physical property of soil, and its change can reflect the influence of human factors on soil environment.However, among a large number of research results, it is rare to analyze the soil magnetic properties of tourist attractions, and then to reveal the environmental significance of the relevant studies. Therefore, it is very necessary to strengthen the research in this area.Based on the project of National Natural Science Foundation and the basic theory of environmental magnetism and the research results of soil magnetism, this study selects Tianchi scenic spot of Tianshan Mountain in Xinjiang as the research area.Taking the surface soil and profile soil carrying different environmental change information in the scenic spot as the research object, the magnetic parameters of the soil samples in the scenic spot were systematically measured by the method of environmental magnetism.The magnetic characteristics and spatial distribution pattern of soil in different tourist disturbance areas of scenic spots were analyzed, and the significance of environmental indication was discussed.The results show that the surface layer of Tianshan Tianchi scenic spot is dominated by ferromagnetic minerals (magnetite), the content of soil magnetic minerals is moderate, and the magnetic particles are mainly composed of stable single domain SSDs coarse particles and superparamagnetic SPs particles.There were differences in soil magnetic characteristics among different regions. The content of soil ferrous magnetic minerals in tourist active areas was higher than that in undisturbed areas, and the magnetic particles of soil were coarse.The undisturbed area is the opposite.Univariate analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences in soil magnetic mineral contents and particles between active and undisturbed areas, indicating that tourism interference had a significant effect on soil magnetic properties in active areas.The magnetic characteristics of soil in undisturbed area are mainly related to natural soil-forming process. (2) the magnetic minerals in soil profile are mainly ferromagnetic minerals (magnetite), different regions (traffic area, accommodation area, food and lodging area).The contents of magnetic minerals and particles in the soil of the control area were significantly higher than those in the control area and the room and board area. The content of magnetic minerals in each layer of the communication area was significantly higher than that in the control area.In the vertical direction, the content of ferromagnetic minerals in the soil decreased with the increase of depth, and compared with the lower soil (20 ~ 50 cm), the upper layer of the transport area was characterized by coarse and magnetic particles.The results showed that tourism traffic had a significant effect on the magnetic properties of soil.The content of ferromagnetic material in the soil increased with the increase of depth, and the magnetic particles in the upper soil (0 ~ 30 cm) were finer than those in the lower soil (30 ~ 50 cm), which was related to the artificial renovation and disturbance of the soil in this area, and the natural soil-forming process affected the control area.The content of magnetic minerals in the soil decreased with the increase of depth, and the upper layer particles were smaller than the lower layer particles. The spatial analysis showed that the enrichment degree of soil ferromagnetic minerals in the zonal region around the lake was higher than that in the lower layer.The area from Dinghai to Xiwangmu Zumiao is a high value region of soil magnetic minerals.However, the magnetic mineral content of the soil decreased and the particles were finer when the soil transitioned to the periphery.From the view of the spatial distribution pattern of typical sample points, the distribution of high value points of magnetic minerals is consistent with the distribution of tourist facilities such as parking lot, wharf, scenic road and interval carriageway, etc.The results show that the soil of scenic area is mainly disturbed by tourism traffic and special service facilities.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S153.2

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