發(fā)布時間：2018-03-17 13:47

  本文選題：厭氧折流板　切入點(diǎn)：膜曝氣生物膜　出處：《北京林業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：畜禽養(yǎng)殖廢水是一種高氨氮、高有機(jī)物廢水,若直接排放到環(huán)境中則會引起一系列生態(tài)環(huán)境污染問題。本論文研究了單獨(dú)厭氧折流板反應(yīng)器(ABR)以及ABR-MABR(膜曝氣生物膜反應(yīng)器)耦合工藝處理畜禽養(yǎng)殖廢水的啟動過程、處理效能及其運(yùn)行特征,確定了反應(yīng)器快速啟動的方式,優(yōu)化了工藝參數(shù),評價了利用ABR-MABR耦合工藝處理畜禽養(yǎng)殖廢水的可行性,主要結(jié)果如下：ABR處理畜禽養(yǎng)殖廢水的研究表明：采用固定停留時間,逐步升高進(jìn)水負(fù)荷的方式啟動ABR,歷時64天可完成啟動,CODcr和氨氮的最終去除率分別為98%和19.27%。在進(jìn)水CODcr 5000mg/L、氨氮500mg/L的條件下繼續(xù)運(yùn)行ABR 54天,反應(yīng)器狀態(tài)良好,對CODcr和氨氮都保持穩(wěn)定的去除率(80%和15%)。所確定ABR啟動的關(guān)鍵參數(shù)為：接種厭氧顆粒污泥,污泥中位直徑0.89mm,濃度3040g/L,污泥體積為1/3反應(yīng)器體積,啟動初始CODCr 2000mg/L,運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定后每次升高30%左右。ABR啟動過程中,顆粒污泥中位直徑從0.89mm增長到1.18-1.58mm,平均生長速度是7.28×10-3mm/d。成熟顆粒污泥結(jié)構(gòu)相對疏松,致密程度低于接種污泥。流變測試顯示成熟顆粒污泥具有水凝膠結(jié)構(gòu)特征,在中性或酸性pH條件下水凝膠結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)度和彈性較好,離子強(qiáng)度和溫度對污泥水凝膠結(jié)構(gòu)也有一定影響。污泥平衡水含量(EWC)隨著鹽濃度升高或pH的降低而不斷降低,成熟厭氧顆粒污泥具有向外釋水的趨勢。PCR-DGG E分析結(jié)果表明,第一格室中微生物含量最多,主要為產(chǎn)酸菌Uncultured Clostridiales bacterium,Clostridium botulinum,Uncultured Acidobacteria bacterium以及產(chǎn)甲烷菌Uncultured Firmicutes bacterium 等。ABR-MABR處理畜禽養(yǎng)殖廢水的研究表明：在反應(yīng)器中接種顆粒污泥和活性污泥,采用逐步升高有機(jī)負(fù)荷方式啟動ABR-MABR,總共歷時49天(初始CODC,為2000mg/L,每次提高負(fù)荷30%)。ABR-MABR對CODCr去除效果良好(大于89%),氨氮去除效果優(yōu)于單獨(dú)ABR處理,穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行期間氨氮去除率均為78.08%;適當(dāng)增加曝氣量及反應(yīng)器格室數(shù)量、控制溫度為32±1℃更有利于氮素污染物的去除。電鏡掃描及PCR-DGGE技術(shù)研究結(jié)果表明,耦合反應(yīng)器中成熟污泥主要由桿狀菌、絲狀菌和少量球狀菌組成。耦合反應(yīng)器中存在大量厭氧菌,同時還有硝化菌Uncultured Nitrospira sp以及專性好氧菌Uncultured Arthrobacter sp的存在,耦合反應(yīng)器中微生物含量及豐富度均優(yōu)于ABR。
[Abstract]:Livestock and poultry breeding wastewater is a kind of high ammonia nitrogen, high organic wastewater, If discharged directly into the environment, it will cause a series of ecological pollution problems. In this paper, the start-up process of single anaerobic baffle reactor (ABR) and ABR-MABR (membrane aerated biofilm reactor) for treating livestock and poultry wastewater was studied. The treatment efficiency and operation characteristics of the reactor were determined, the process parameters were optimized, and the feasibility of using ABR-MABR coupling process to treat livestock and poultry wastewater was evaluated. The main results are as follows: the treatment of livestock and poultry wastewater by: fixed residence time, The final removal rates of CODcr and NH3-N were 98% and 19.277.In the condition of influent CODcr 5000mg / L and ammonia nitrogen 500mg / L, the reactor was in good condition. The key parameters of ABR start-up were: inoculation of anaerobic granular sludge, median diameter of sludge 0.89mm, concentration of 3040g / L, sludge volume of 1/3 reactor volume. When the initial CODCr 2000 mg / L was started, the average diameter of granular sludge increased from 0.89 mm to 1.18-1.58 mm, and the average growth rate was 7.28 脳 10 ~ (-3) mm / d, and the structure of mature granular sludge was relatively loose. The degree of densification was lower than that of inoculation sludge. Rheological test showed that the mature granular sludge had hydrogel structure characteristics, and the strength and elasticity of hydrogel structure were better at neutral or acidic pH. Ionic strength and temperature also affected the hydrogel structure of sludge. The equilibrium water content of sludge decreased with the increase of salt concentration or the decrease of pH. The results of PCR-DGG analysis showed that the mature anaerobic granular sludge had the tendency of releasing water outward. The study on the treatment of livestock and poultry wastewater by Uncultured Clostridiales botulinum Acidobacteria bacterium and methanogenic bacteria Uncultured Firmicutes bacterium showed that granular sludge and activated sludge were inoculated in the reactor. ABR-MABR was started by increasing organic load step by step, which lasted 49 days (initial COD, 2000mg / L). Each time the loading increased by 30mg / L, ABR-MABR had a good effect on CODCr removal (> 89g / L), and ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency was better than that of single ABR treatment. The removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was 78.08 during the stable operation, the proper increase of aeration rate and the number of reactor cells, and the control temperature of 32 鹵1 鈩，

本文編號：1625009