【摘要】：鄂爾多斯侏羅紀煤田是國家級煤炭化工基地,煤層開采條件好,煤質(zhì)優(yōu)良,是我國煤炭機械化開采的集中區(qū)。生產(chǎn)中,由于煤層硬厚,裂隙不發(fā)育,采煤機截割能耗大,截煤塊度小,粉煤量過大,造成污染嚴重,生產(chǎn)安全環(huán)境差。基于實際中超前水力壓裂技術對硬厚煤層截割性質(zhì)的改造形成的壓裂煤層,本文通過現(xiàn)場研究、實驗室實驗以及數(shù)值模擬分析等綜合方法,對壓裂煤層綜采工作面煤壁的裂隙分布、壓裂煤層的截割工藝與參數(shù)進行了研究。主要研究內(nèi)容與取得的結論如下:(1)通過現(xiàn)場測量壓裂煤層煤壁的裂隙分布規(guī)律,采用分形理論,研究了煤壁裂隙的分形規(guī)律,得出壓裂煤層煤壁裂隙與分形維數(shù)的變化關系;給出了不同壓裂煤層條件下煤體物理力學性質(zhì)參數(shù)以及硬煤截割阻抗參數(shù)的分形演化規(guī)律。(2)基于煤層壓裂模型和采煤機割煤形式分析,建立了壓裂煤層截割力學模型;根據(jù)壓裂煤層截割力學模型簡化分析,建立了煤壁截割水平楔入力T和破裂面上撬動力F的計算表達式。采用FLAC3D數(shù)值模擬軟件,模擬不同壓裂煤層條件下,最大截割深度、崩落線的長度及范圍的變化趨勢。通過數(shù)值模擬和理論分析,建立了壓裂煤層切削面積表達式,并得出由未壓裂區(qū)到雙排孔壓裂區(qū)切削面積逐漸增大、塊煤率逐漸增大的變化規(guī)律。(3)對壓裂煤層綜采工作面,從采煤機割煤、滾筒裝煤、刮板運輸機運煤等綜采工藝進行了研究,得出適合壓裂煤層的綜采進刀方式、采煤機牽引速度、滾筒轉(zhuǎn)速等工藝參數(shù)。將研究結果應用于5米采高綜采工作面開采實際,研究得到:采煤機的最佳進刀方式為雙向割煤端頭斜切進刀;采煤機牽引速度優(yōu)化后的合理取值范圍為8.5～9.2m/min,壓裂后采煤機的牽引速度比原始煤層提高了 3.4%～12.1%,滾筒轉(zhuǎn)速優(yōu)化后減小到28.78r/min,減小了 10.51%。壓裂煤層的綜采日循環(huán)增加1.2刀,工作面塊煤率平均提高了 18.7%,粉塵濃度降低了約45.4%。
[Abstract]:Jurassic coal field in Ordos is a national coal chemical base with good coal mining conditions and good coal quality. It is a centralized area for mechanized coal mining in China. In production, the coal seam is hard and thick, the crack is not developed, the cutting energy consumption of shearer is large, the cut coal block is small, the amount of pulverized coal is too large, the pollution is serious and the production safety environment is poor. Based on the fracturing coal seams formed by the modification of cutting properties of hard and thick coal seams by the advanced hydraulic fracturing technology in practice, the comprehensive methods such as field research, laboratory experiments and numerical simulation analysis are adopted in this paper. The fracture distribution of coal wall, cutting technology and parameters of fracturing coal seam in fully mechanized coal face are studied. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) through the field measurement of fracture distribution law of fractured coal seam wall, using fractal theory, the fractal law of coal wall crack is studied, and the relationship between fracture and fractal dimension of fractured coal seam is obtained. The fractal evolution rules of physical and mechanical parameters of coal body and impedance parameters of hard coal cutting under different fracturing coal seam conditions are given. (2) based on the fracturing model of coal seam and the analysis of coal cutting form of shearer, the cutting mechanics model of fracturing coal seam is established. Based on the simplified analysis of cutting mechanics model of fractured coal seam, the expressions of horizontal wedge force T for cutting coal wall and force F for prying on fracture surface are established. The FLAC3D numerical simulation software is used to simulate the variation trend of maximum cutting depth, length and range of caving line under different fracturing coal seam conditions. Through numerical simulation and theoretical analysis, the formula of cutting area of fracturing coal seam is established, and the variation law of cutting area and block coal rate increasing gradually from non-fracturing area to double-row hole fracturing area is obtained. (3) for fully mechanized mining face of fracturing coal seam, Based on the research of fully mechanized coal mining technology such as cutting coal by shearer, loading coal by drum and transporting coal by scraper conveyer, the technological parameters, such as feed mode of fully mechanized coal mining, traction speed of shearer and rotational speed of roller, which are suitable for fracturing coal seam, are obtained. The research results are applied to the mining practice of 5 meters fully mechanized mining face. It is concluded that the best feed mode of the shearer is the oblique cutting cutter at the end of two-way cutting coal; The reasonable value of the optimized traction speed of shearer is 8.5 ~ 9.2 m / min. After fracturing, the traction speed of shearer is increased by 3.4% and 12.1m / min than that of the original coal seam, and the drum speed is reduced to 28.78 r / min and 10.51 / min, respectively. The daily circulation of fully mechanized coal in fracturing coal seam is increased by 1.2 knife, the average coal rate of working face is increased by 18.7, and the dust concentration is reduced by about 45.4%.
【學位授予單位】：西安科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD823.97

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