【摘要】：銅鐵礦是我國銅和鐵資源的重要來源,隨著經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展,銅和鐵的需求不斷增加,而易選銅鐵礦日漸消耗,難選礦石的開發(fā)利用將越來越受到重視。本文以個舊高氧化率高結(jié)合率氧化銅鐵礦為研究對象,探尋銅和鐵的綜合回收工藝,具有較重要的理論意義和實用價值。原礦性質(zhì)研究結(jié)果表明,個舊氧化銅鐵礦中銅品位為1.93%,鐵品位為42.10%,S、P、As等有害元素含量均較低。該礦中的銅礦物主要以游離氧化銅和結(jié)合氧化銅的形式存在,分布率分別為38.74%和56.03%;鐵礦物以赤褐鐵礦為主,其分布率為82.88%;-400目產(chǎn)率為20.45%,礦泥含量高,屬于高氧化率高結(jié)合率高含泥難選氧化銅鐵礦。在礦石性質(zhì)研究的基礎(chǔ)上,進行了探索試驗研究,結(jié)果表明:強磁選、搖床重選、螺旋溜槽選別、還原焙燒-弱磁選均能提高鐵精礦的鐵品位,其中強磁選得到的銅和鐵回收率相對較高,且流程簡單,操作容易,是較合適的選鐵方法;由于該礦中銅的氧化率和結(jié)合率較高,礦石泥化較為嚴重,采用單一浮選、磁-浮和重-浮選,銅的回收率均不高;浸出能夠較為有效地分離銅和鐵,且加溫浸出要優(yōu)于常溫浸出,但加溫浸出的成本較高,為此進行了常溫浸出的條件試驗,結(jié)果顯示:在磨礦細度為-0.074 mm占70.90%、固液比(原礦質(zhì)量與浸出體系中酸和水的體積之比)為1:2、礦漿中酸濃度為40%、浸出時間為3小時的條件下,可得到銅的浸出率達到80%以上,但鐵浸出率也高,鐵損失較大,且酸濃度偏高,導致成本較高。采用強磁選鐵、鐵粗精礦浸出銅的試驗方案,原礦磨至-0.074 mm占60.26%,經(jīng)一粗一掃強磁選后,得到鐵品位為51.58%、銅品位為2.16%以及鐵回收率為81.74%,銅回收率為74.65%的鐵粗精礦;鐵粗精礦,在溫度為70℃C、固液比1:2.5、礦漿中酸濃度為10%、浸出時間為2小時的條件下采用加溫攪拌浸出,銅相對原礦的浸出率為44.53%,浸渣對原礦產(chǎn)率為57.56%,鐵品位為53.06%,鐵回收率為72.54%,可作為鐵精礦。
[Abstract]:Copper and iron ore is an important source of copper and iron resources in China. With the rapid development of economy, the demand for copper and iron is increasing. This paper takes Gejiu copper iron ore with high oxidation rate and high bonding rate as the research object, and explores the comprehensive recovery technology of copper and iron, which has important theoretical significance and practical value. The results show that the copper grade of Gejiu cuprous oxide iron ore is 1.93 and the iron grade is 42.100.The contents of harmful elements such as Schi-Pu as are lower than that in Gejiu copper iron ore. The copper minerals in the ore mainly exist in the form of free copper oxide and bound copper oxide, the distribution rates are 38.74% and 56.03, respectively, and the iron ore is mainly hematite, with a distribution rate of 82.88% -400 mesh and 20.45% of ore mud. It belongs to high oxidation rate, high bonding rate, high mud content, refractory copper oxide iron ore. Based on the study of ore properties, the experimental results show that the iron grade of iron concentrate can be improved by strong magnetic separation, gravity separation in rocker, separation of spiral chute, reduction roasting and weak magnetic separation. The recovery rate of copper and iron from high magnetic separation is relatively high, and the process is simple and the operation is easy, so it is a more suitable method for iron separation. Because of the high oxidation rate and bonding rate of copper in the ore and the serious mudding of ore, the single floatation is adopted. The recovery of copper from magnetic floatation and heavy flotation is not high, and leaching can effectively separate copper and iron, and the leaching at elevated temperature is better than that at room temperature, but the cost of leaching at room temperature is higher, so the condition test of leaching at room temperature is carried out. The results show that when the fineness of grinding is -0.074 mm, the ratio of solid to liquid (the ratio of raw ore quality to the volume of acid and water in leaching system) is 1: 2, the concentration of acid in pulp is 40 and the leaching time is 3 hours, the leaching rate of copper can reach more than 80%. But the iron leaching rate is also high, the iron loss is large, and the acid concentration is on the high side, resulting in higher cost. By using the scheme of high magnetic separation of iron and leaching of copper from iron coarse concentrate, the raw ore was ground to -0.074 mm and occupied 60.26. After one thick and one sweep strong magnetic separation, the iron grade was 51.58, the copper grade was 2.16%, and the iron recovery rate was 81.74%, and the copper recovery rate was 74.65%. When the temperature is 70 鈩，

本文編號：2260123