采空區(qū)煤壁下礦壓分布規(guī)律及巷道穩(wěn)定性控制研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-15 16:39
【摘要】：近距離煤層下行開采過程中，下層煤中礦壓分布規(guī)律受到上層煤生產(chǎn)工作影響而發(fā)生改變，其中巷道布置方式與穩(wěn)定性控制一直是困擾近距離煤層下層煤生產(chǎn)工作的難題之一。因此根據(jù)近距離煤層中下層煤中應(yīng)力分布規(guī)律，深入研究其不同位置巷道圍巖破壞特征與穩(wěn)定支護(hù)對(duì)于有近距離煤層賦存的礦井高產(chǎn)高效生產(chǎn)具有重要意義。本文以爐峪口煤礦近距離煤層為研究對(duì)象，綜合運(yùn)用理論分析、數(shù)值模擬、工程監(jiān)測(cè)等研究方法，在分析近距離煤層中受上覆采空區(qū)煤壁影響下層煤應(yīng)力場(chǎng)分布規(guī)律的基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)下層煤中不同位置巷道破壞特征及穩(wěn)定性控制進(jìn)行了深入的研究，結(jié)果表明： （1）受上覆煤層采空區(qū)支承壓力影響，下層煤應(yīng)力場(chǎng)主要表現(xiàn)為垂直應(yīng)力的變化，理論計(jì)算結(jié)果表明下層煤采空區(qū)下方上覆煤柱支承壓力傳遞影響區(qū)域之外為垂直應(yīng)力降低區(qū)，采空區(qū)煤壁正下方偏向采空區(qū)4m到煤柱下方25m為垂直應(yīng)力升高區(qū)，垂直應(yīng)力升高區(qū)內(nèi)垂直應(yīng)力可達(dá)原巖應(yīng)力2倍左右。 （2）下層煤應(yīng)力分布受上層煤采高及煤層群埋深影響較小，受上層煤頂板巖性與煤層間距影響較大。具體表現(xiàn)為上層煤頂板堅(jiān)固時(shí)，煤柱下方垂直應(yīng)力升高明顯增大，同時(shí)采空區(qū)下方垂直應(yīng)力明顯減小，隨著兩層煤間距的減小下層煤中應(yīng)力峰值呈非線性急劇增大。 （3）由于采空區(qū)的釋壓作用，位于采空區(qū)下的巷道圍巖中垂直應(yīng)力較小，，塑性區(qū)分布范圍主要集中在頂?shù)装鍘r層中，且分布區(qū)域較小，巷道變形量也較�。皇苊褐鶄鬟f支承壓力的影響，位于上覆煤柱下的巷道兩幫及兩肩受到急劇升高垂直應(yīng)力的影響，圍巖發(fā)生大范圍的剪切破壞，巷道變形量大。 （4）下層煤巷道布置在上覆煤層采空區(qū)下方易于支護(hù)，布置在上覆煤柱下方支護(hù)難度較大，在工程實(shí)際中，最好將下層煤中的巷道布置在上覆煤層采空區(qū)下方并盡量避免將巷道布置在上覆煤柱下方，以減小巷道支護(hù)工作量。 （5）煤柱下巷道在重視頂板支護(hù)的同時(shí)需加強(qiáng)對(duì)巷道兩幫與兩肩圍巖控制，常規(guī)支護(hù)方案不能滿足巷道穩(wěn)定性要求，優(yōu)化支護(hù)方案將巷道斷面改為直墻半圓拱形斷面，增大巷道錨桿索直徑并提高預(yù)緊力，將錨索向兩肩塑性屈服區(qū)域中傾斜布置，能夠改善巷道兩肩角處圍巖受力狀態(tài)，提高剪切破壞區(qū)域內(nèi)圍巖強(qiáng)度，增強(qiáng)巷道抗壓能力，發(fā)揮支護(hù)體系作用及圍巖的自承能力，保證巷道穩(wěn)定性。
[Abstract]:In the process of downgoing mining of coal seam in close distance, the distribution law of mine pressure in the lower coal seam is affected by the production work of the upper coal, among which, the layout of roadway and the control of stability have been one of the difficult problems puzzling the production of coal in the lower coal layer of the near distance coal seam. Therefore, according to the stress distribution in the middle and lower coal seam, it is of great significance to study the failure characteristics of surrounding rock and the stability support of roadway in different positions for the high yield and high efficiency production of the coal mine with the occurrence of the close distance coal seam. In this paper, the close coal seam of Liuyukou coal mine is taken as the research object, and the distribution of the stress field of the lower coal is analyzed based on the theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, engineering monitoring and so on, on the basis of the analysis of the distribution law of the lower coal stress field under the influence of the coal wall of the overlying goaf in the near distance coal seam. The failure characteristics and stability control of roadway at different positions in the lower coal are studied in depth. The results show that: (1) the stress field of the lower coal is mainly the change of vertical stress due to the influence of the supporting pressure in the goaf of the overlying coal seam. The theoretical calculation results show that the vertical stress reduction area is outside the influence area of the supporting pressure transfer of the overlying coal pillar under the lower coal goaf, and the vertical stress rising area is located in the coal wall of the goaf directly below the goaf from 4 m below the goaf to 25 m below the pillar. In the area of vertical stress rise, the vertical stress can be about 2 times that of the original rock stress. (2) the distribution of the lower coal stress is less affected by the mining height of the upper coal and the buried depth of the coal seam group, but by the upper coal roof lithology and the coal seam spacing. When the upper coal roof is strong, the vertical stress under the coal pillar increases obviously, and the vertical stress under the goaf decreases obviously. With the decrease of the distance between two coal layers, the peak value of stress in the lower coal increases dramatically. (3) due to the pressure release of goaf, the vertical stress in the surrounding rock of roadway under goaf is smaller. The distribution range of plastic zone is mainly concentrated in the rock strata of roof and floor, and the distribution area is smaller, and the deformation of roadway is also small, which is affected by the bearing pressure of coal pillar, The two sides and shoulders of the roadway located under the overlying coal pillar are affected by the sharp increase of vertical stress, the surrounding rock is shearing in a wide range, and the deformation of the roadway is large. (4) the lower coal roadway is easy to be supported under the goaf of the overlying coal seam. It is difficult to arrange the support under the overlying coal pillar. In engineering practice, it is better to arrange the roadway in the lower coal seam under the goaf of the overlying coal seam and to avoid placing the roadway under the overlying coal pillar as far as possible. In order to reduce the workload of roadway support, (5) the roadway under coal pillar should pay more attention to roof support and strengthen the control of surrounding rock between two sides and two shoulders of roadway, and the conventional support scheme can not meet the requirement of roadway stability. The optimized support scheme can change the section of roadway into a semi-circular arch section of straight wall, increase the diameter of anchor cable and increase the pretightening force of roadway, and inclined the anchor cable to the plastic yield area of two shoulders, which can improve the stress state of surrounding rock at the corner of both shoulders of roadway. In order to ensure the stability of roadway, the strength of surrounding rock in the area of shear failure is improved, the ability of roadway to resist pressure is enhanced, the function of supporting system and the self-supporting ability of surrounding rock are brought into play.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD353
本文編號(hào)：2184795
[Abstract]:In the process of downgoing mining of coal seam in close distance, the distribution law of mine pressure in the lower coal seam is affected by the production work of the upper coal, among which, the layout of roadway and the control of stability have been one of the difficult problems puzzling the production of coal in the lower coal layer of the near distance coal seam. Therefore, according to the stress distribution in the middle and lower coal seam, it is of great significance to study the failure characteristics of surrounding rock and the stability support of roadway in different positions for the high yield and high efficiency production of the coal mine with the occurrence of the close distance coal seam. In this paper, the close coal seam of Liuyukou coal mine is taken as the research object, and the distribution of the stress field of the lower coal is analyzed based on the theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, engineering monitoring and so on, on the basis of the analysis of the distribution law of the lower coal stress field under the influence of the coal wall of the overlying goaf in the near distance coal seam. The failure characteristics and stability control of roadway at different positions in the lower coal are studied in depth. The results show that: (1) the stress field of the lower coal is mainly the change of vertical stress due to the influence of the supporting pressure in the goaf of the overlying coal seam. The theoretical calculation results show that the vertical stress reduction area is outside the influence area of the supporting pressure transfer of the overlying coal pillar under the lower coal goaf, and the vertical stress rising area is located in the coal wall of the goaf directly below the goaf from 4 m below the goaf to 25 m below the pillar. In the area of vertical stress rise, the vertical stress can be about 2 times that of the original rock stress. (2) the distribution of the lower coal stress is less affected by the mining height of the upper coal and the buried depth of the coal seam group, but by the upper coal roof lithology and the coal seam spacing. When the upper coal roof is strong, the vertical stress under the coal pillar increases obviously, and the vertical stress under the goaf decreases obviously. With the decrease of the distance between two coal layers, the peak value of stress in the lower coal increases dramatically. (3) due to the pressure release of goaf, the vertical stress in the surrounding rock of roadway under goaf is smaller. The distribution range of plastic zone is mainly concentrated in the rock strata of roof and floor, and the distribution area is smaller, and the deformation of roadway is also small, which is affected by the bearing pressure of coal pillar, The two sides and shoulders of the roadway located under the overlying coal pillar are affected by the sharp increase of vertical stress, the surrounding rock is shearing in a wide range, and the deformation of the roadway is large. (4) the lower coal roadway is easy to be supported under the goaf of the overlying coal seam. It is difficult to arrange the support under the overlying coal pillar. In engineering practice, it is better to arrange the roadway in the lower coal seam under the goaf of the overlying coal seam and to avoid placing the roadway under the overlying coal pillar as far as possible. In order to reduce the workload of roadway support, (5) the roadway under coal pillar should pay more attention to roof support and strengthen the control of surrounding rock between two sides and two shoulders of roadway, and the conventional support scheme can not meet the requirement of roadway stability. The optimized support scheme can change the section of roadway into a semi-circular arch section of straight wall, increase the diameter of anchor cable and increase the pretightening force of roadway, and inclined the anchor cable to the plastic yield area of two shoulders, which can improve the stress state of surrounding rock at the corner of both shoulders of roadway. In order to ensure the stability of roadway, the strength of surrounding rock in the area of shear failure is improved, the ability of roadway to resist pressure is enhanced, the function of supporting system and the self-supporting ability of surrounding rock are brought into play.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD353
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