【摘要】：目前,已在全國范圍內開展了1:5萬的礦產資源大調查,在礦產資源大調查中除礦產調查外還要完成1:5萬的地面和航空磁法測量工作。1:5萬磁法測量屬于中、大比例尺,其受地形起伏和航空飛行起伏的影響較大。在地球物理重、磁測量中,不論是陸地測量或航空測量,其觀測面總是一個起伏的曲面,有時還可能是一個間斷曲面(比如航磁測量中不同時期飛行資料的銜接處),在這些測點上的重、磁數據經過各項校正之后所得到的重、磁力異常數據仍位于原觀測點位(曲面)上。這給重、磁力異常的解釋帶來了兩個方面的困難:第一是成圖的困難,這在航磁異常解釋中尤為明顯。目前的航磁測量飛行是盡量靠近地表面飛行,在山區(qū)和平原的交界處就有可能采用兩個以上的飛行高度,造成飛行資料出現“斷階”;或不同時期飛行的航磁資料進行拼接,在拼接處也會出現“斷階”現象。其實航空重力數據也存在同樣的問題。為了能統(tǒng)一成圖,只好采用“調平”的辦法強行使其“統(tǒng)一”,這會造成“假異�！背霈F。第二個困難是因為我們的定性解釋是基于平面上的重、磁力異常的特點進行的,而重、磁力異常是位于曲面上的,表現出的有關特征比較復雜,而且與平面上的重、磁力異常特征具有一定的差異,這時如若還繼續(xù)當成平面上的重、磁力異常來進行定性解釋的話,就有可能使得定性解釋結果出現偏差。故適應性強、精度高、計算速度快的曲面位場數據處理和轉換系統(tǒng)的建立對實際資料的處理和轉換是不可或缺的。本文研究依托國土資源部“高精度航空物探調查”計劃項目下的“新疆東昆侖祁漫塔格地區(qū)1:5萬航磁調查”工作項目(1212010913037)之課題“航磁數據曲面處理示范”,以及中央高�；究蒲袠I(yè)務費專項資金(2014G3262010)和長安大學基礎研究支持計劃專項基金聯(lián)合資助之下。以適應性強、精度高、計算速度快的曲面位場數據處理和轉換方法為研究目標,以“基本原理—技術措施—軟件設計—模型測試—實際資料處理”為主線,開展了頻率域等效源曲面位場數據處理和轉換方法的理論研究和實際應用研究。提出了頻率域單層位法,并將該方法與已有的頻率域偶層位方法統(tǒng)一形成了頻率域等效源曲面位場數據處理和轉換方法。推導了頻率域等效源法在各種不同計算面情況下的等效面密度求解方法以及處理和轉換方法。研究了頻率域等效源法曲面位場數據處理和轉換方法相關的技術措施。采用結構化程序設計思想進行了軟件設計,利用Fortran90高級程序設計語言進行了軟件開發(fā)。通過理論模型從觀測面起伏、場源位置、等效源布置、數據量大小四個方面對頻率域等效源法的計算精度、適應性和計算速度進行模型測試。利用山西某地的一小部分實測重力數據和新疆某地的一小部分實測航磁數據對等效源曲面位場數據處理和轉換方法的穩(wěn)定性進行了檢驗,取得的較好的效果。本文的主要研究成果如下:(1)提出了頻率域單層位法曲面位場數據處理和轉換方法,該方法適合于重力異常及其各階混合方向導數的處理和轉換;而已有的頻率域偶層位曲面位場數據處理和轉換方法適合于磁力異常及其各階混合方向導數的處理和轉換。將頻率域單層位和偶層位合并形成了頻率域等效源曲面位場數據處理和轉換方法。本論文系統(tǒng)的研究了頻率域等效源曲面位場數據處理和轉換方法的基本原理。通過研究認為,頻率域等效源曲面位場數據處理和轉換方法具有適應性較強和計算速度快的優(yōu)點,唯一的缺點是不能適用于“強地形”。(2)完善了頻率域等效源曲面位場數據處理和轉換的有關技術措施,如正演時級數穩(wěn)定、快速收斂技術,等效源參數反演時穩(wěn)定、快速收斂技術,單點快速fourier變換技術。重點研究了最小曲率差分迭代格式的濾波特性,通過研究認為非原位迭代格式不收斂,只有原位迭代格式收斂;完善了最小曲率網格數據擴邊、補空技術及網格化技術。提出了頻率域等效源布置措施和頻率域等效源分塊處理措施,提高了計算精度和計算速度。這些方法技術措施,不但提高了頻率域等效源曲面位場數據處理和轉換的穩(wěn)定性、適應性和精度,而且提高了效率。(3)采用結構化程序設計思想進行了頻率域等效源曲面位場數據處理和轉換方法的軟件設計,利用fortran90高級程序設計語言進行了軟件開發(fā)。該方法軟件可以直接利用位場值(重、磁力異常及其各階混合方向導數)進行曲面位場數據處理和轉換,不但可以實現曲面位場數據的延拓、分量轉換、導數換算、磁化方向轉換、磁源重力異常計算,還可以同時進行延拓及各種轉換。計算結果精度高,計算速度快且具有很好的穩(wěn)定性。(4)理論模型測試結果表明,頻率域等效源法受垂向不連續(xù)觀測面的起伏影響最大、其次是點距和線距大小的影響,而受場源分布的影響最小,并且受隨機干擾的影響也較小。(5)實測資料處理試驗顯示,頻率域等效源法可以應用于實測重力和磁力(航磁)數據的曲面位場數據處理和轉換,計算結果穩(wěn)定。通過本論文的研究,其主要的創(chuàng)新點為:(1)提出了頻率域單層位曲面位場數據處理和轉換方法,系統(tǒng)的研究了該方法的基本原理、技術措施、軟件設計和開發(fā)、模型測試以及實際資料處理和轉換。(2)利用Fourier頻譜分析理論研究了最小曲率差分迭代格式的收斂性問題,通過研究認為非原位迭代格式不收斂,只有原位迭代格式收斂;迭代格式的收斂性不受迭代方向選擇的影響。從而完善了最小曲率網格數據擴邊、補空以及隨機數據網格化方法。(3)提出了頻率域分層布置等效源面和分塊求解等效面密度的方法技術措施,解決了大數據量的曲面位場數據處理和轉換問題。
[Abstract]:At present, a large survey of 1:5 million mineral resources has been carried out throughout the country. In the large investigation of mineral resources, in addition to the mineral investigation, it is also necessary to complete the measurement of the ground and aeromagnetic measurement of 1:5 million by.1:5. The large scale is the large scale, which is greatly influenced by the relief of the terrain and the air flight. On land surveying or aeronautical measurement, the observation surface is always an undulating surface, and sometimes it may be a discontinuous surface (such as the connecting place of the flight data at different periods of aeromagnetic measurements), the weight on these measurements, the weight of the magnetic data after the correction, and the magnetic anomaly data still located on the original observation point (surface). This interpretation brings two difficulties: first is the difficulty of mapping, especially in the aeromagnetic anomaly interpretation. The current aeromagnetic measurement flight is as close to the ground surface as possible, and more than two flying heights may be used at the junction of the mountain and the plain, causing the flight data to appear "break order"; In fact, the aeromagnetic data of the flight will be joined together and the "break order" phenomenon will appear at the stitching. In fact, the same problem exists in the aeronautical gravity data. In order to be able to unify the map, the "leveling" method has to be adopted to make it "unifying". This will result in the emergence of "false abnormality". The second difficulty is due to our qualitative solution. It is based on the characteristics of the heavy and magnetic anomalies on the plane, and the heavy and magnetic anomalies are located on the surface, and the related features are complex, and there are some differences with the gravity and magnetic anomalies on the plane, and if they continue to be regarded as the weight of the plane and the magnetic anomaly will be qualitatively explained, it is possible. It is necessary to process and transform the data processing and transformation of the surface field data processing and conversion system, which has strong adaptability, high precision and fast calculation speed. This paper is based on the "Xinjiang East Kunlun qimintag land" under the project of the "high precision Aero Geophysical Survey" project of the Ministry of land and resources. The project (1212010913037) is the subject of "aeromagnetic data surface processing demonstration" (1212010913037), and jointly funded by the special fund of basic scientific research service (2014G3262010) and the foundation research support program of Chang'an University. The theoretical research and practical application of the method of data processing and conversion in the frequency domain equivalent source surface field are carried out with "basic principles - technical measures - Software Design - model testing - actual data processing" as the main line. The method of frequency domain equivalent source surface field data processing and conversion is formed by the domain couple layer method. The equivalent surface density solution method and the processing and conversion method of the equivalent source method of frequency domain in various different computing surfaces are derived. The technical measures related to the data processing and conversion method of the surface field of the frequency domain equivalent source method are studied. The software design is carried out with the idea of structured programming, and the software development is carried out by Fortran90 advanced programming language. Through the theoretical model, the calculation precision, adaptability and calculation speed of the frequency domain equivalent source method are tested from four aspects: the observation surface fluctuation, the field source position, the equivalent source layout and the data size. The stability of a small part of the measured gravity data in a certain area of Shanxi and the stability of a small part of the measured aeromagnetic data in a certain area of Xinjiang is tested and the stability of the conversion method. The main achievements of this paper are as follows: (1) the data processing and rotation of the surface field of the frequency domain single layer position method are proposed. The method is suitable for the treatment and conversion of the gravity anomaly and the derivative of the mixed direction of each order. The existing data processing and conversion method of the frequency domain even layer surface field data is suitable for the magnetic anomaly and the processing and conversion of the mixed direction derivative of each order. The frequency domain equivalent source curve is formed by combining the frequency domain single layer and the couple layers to form the frequency domain equivalent source curve. The basic principle of the method of data processing and conversion of the equivalent source surface field in frequency domain is studied in this paper. It is considered that the method of data processing and conversion of the equivalent source surface field of the frequency domain has the advantages of strong adaptability and fast computation, and the only disadvantage is that it can not be applied to the field. (2) (2) some technical measures for the data processing and conversion of the frequency domain equivalent source surface are perfected, such as the stability of the forward time series, the fast convergence technique, the stability of the inversion of the equivalent source parameters, the fast convergence technique and the single point fast Fourier transform. It is considered that the non in-situ iterative scheme is not convergent, only the in-situ iterative scheme is convergent, and the minimum curvature grid data extension, the supplementary space technology and the grid technology are perfected. The frequency domain equivalent source layout measures and the frequency domain equivalent source block processing measures are proposed to improve the calculation accuracy and calculation speed. These methods not only improve the frequency of the frequency domain, but also improve the frequency of the frequency domain. The stability, adaptability and precision of the data processing and conversion of the rate domain equivalent source surface field data and the efficiency are improved. (3) the software design of the method of data processing and conversion of the equivalent source surface field of frequency domain is carried out by using the idea of structured programming. The software is developed by using the FORTRAN90 advanced sequence design language. The surface field data processing and conversion can be carried out directly by using the value of the bit field (weight, magnetic anomaly and the derivative of the mixed direction of each order). It can not only realize the extension of the data of the surface field, the component conversion, the derivative conversion, the magnetization direction conversion, the gravity anomaly calculation of the magnetic source, but also carry out the continuation and various kinds of conversion at the same time. The calculation results are of high accuracy and calculation. Fast and good stability. (4) the theoretical model test results show that the frequency domain equivalent source method is most affected by the vertical discontinuous observation surface, followed by the influence of the point distance and the size of the line distance, and the influence of the field source distribution is the smallest, and the effect of random interference is small. (5) the measured data processing test shows that the frequency domain is the frequency domain. The equivalent source method can be applied to the surface field data processing and conversion of measured gravity and magnetic (aeromagnetic) data, and the results are stable. The main innovation points of this paper are as follows: (1) the data processing and conversion method of single bit surface position field in frequency domain is proposed. The basic principle, technical measures and soft measures of this method are studied by the system. Design and development of parts, model testing and actual data processing and conversion. (2) the convergence of the minimum curvature difference iterative scheme is studied by using the Fourier spectrum analysis theory. Through the study, it is considered that the non in-situ iterative scheme is not convergent, only the in-situ iterative scheme converges, and the convergence of the iterative scheme is not influenced by the choice of iterative direction. And the method of minimum curvature grid data expansion, filling and random data meshing is perfected. (3) a method to solve the problem of data processing and transformation of the surface field data of large data is solved by the method of calculating the equivalent source surface and solving the equivalent surface density in the frequency domain.
【學位授予單位】：長安大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P631.222

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相關期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號：2140178