【摘要】：光面爆破施工中裝藥往往很難位于炮孔中心,因而裝藥出現(xiàn)偏心,甚至形成與炮孔壁的局部接觸,其結(jié)果就是爆破作用造成一定范圍內(nèi)的孔壁巖體破裂,尤其對于節(jié)理裂隙發(fā)育巖體,爆破作用將會導(dǎo)致孔壁圍巖的破碎而引起超挖,進而影響圍巖的穩(wěn)定性。為此,進行徑向偏心不耦合裝藥爆破的巖體破裂規(guī)律及裂紋擴展控制研究,對于正確認(rèn)識裝藥結(jié)構(gòu)對光面爆破效果和圍巖穩(wěn)定的影響具有一定的理論價值和工程實踐意義。本文以有機玻璃作為試驗介質(zhì)、雷管為爆源,以裝藥不耦合系數(shù)、導(dǎo)向孔與炮孔距離為變量,在藥包外側(cè)添加塑料管控制爆破能量作用方向,開展了大量偏心不耦合裝藥爆破裂紋擴展與控制的模擬實驗和理論分析,獲得了一系列有意義的結(jié)論。首先,以厚度為5mm和40mm的有機玻璃為試驗介質(zhì),研究不同裝藥不耦合系數(shù)時偏心不耦合裝藥爆破孔壁裂紋分布和擴展規(guī)律,發(fā)現(xiàn)厚度較小的有機玻璃更適合作為爆破試驗介質(zhì);同時發(fā)現(xiàn)裝藥不耦合系數(shù)為1.71時能夠獲得最佳的爆破效果。其次,通過導(dǎo)向孔與炮孔距離分別為36mm、48mm和60mm時的爆破試驗,發(fā)現(xiàn)孔距為36mm~48mm時,空孔對孔間裂紋的形成有一定的導(dǎo)向作用。最后,以控制裂紋擴展方向、減小對圍巖的破壞為目的,開展5組不同裝藥不耦合系數(shù)時護壁套管位于不同位置的偏心不耦合裝藥爆破裂紋擴展控制試驗,得出當(dāng)不耦合系數(shù)為1.57~2時,護壁套管能夠有效控制偏心不耦合裝藥爆破裂紋擴展方向。
[Abstract]:In the construction of smooth blasting, the charge is often difficult to locate in the center of the gun hole, so the charge is eccentric and even formed with the local contact with the wall of the hole. The result is that the blasting effect causes the fracture of the rock mass in the hole wall within a certain range, especially for the jointed rock mass, which will cause the breakage of the wall rock of the hole wall to cause excess excavation. For this reason, the study on the fracture law of rock mass and the control of crack propagation in the radial eccentricity uncoupled charge blasting has a certain theoretical value and practical significance for the correct understanding of the effect of the charge structure on the smooth blasting effect and the stability of the surrounding rock. This paper takes the organic glass as the experimental medium and the detonator is the explosion source. With the uncoupling coefficient of charge and the distance between the guide hole and the hole of the gun as variable, the direction of blasting energy is controlled by adding plastic tube on the outside of the package. A lot of simulation experiments and theoretical analysis are carried out for the crack propagation and control of a large number of eccentrically uncoupled charge blasting. A series of meaningful conclusions are obtained. First, the organic glass with thickness of 5mm and 40mm is used as the conclusion. In the test medium, the crack distribution and propagation law of the eccentric uncoupled charge blasting hole wall are studied in different loading uncoupling coefficients. It is found that the smaller thickness of organic glass is more suitable for blasting test medium. At the same time, it is found that the best blasting effect can be obtained when the charge uncoupling coefficient is 1.71. Secondly, the distance between the guide hole and the hole distance is respectively. For 36mm, 48mm and 60mm, it is found that the hole has a certain guiding effect on the formation of the cracks between the holes when the hole distance is 36mm~48mm. Finally, in order to control the crack propagation direction and reduce the failure of the surrounding rock, the crack expansion of the eccentric uncoupled charge blasting in the different position of the 5 groups of different loading uncoupling coefficients is carried out. The test shows that when the uncoupling coefficient is 1.57~2, the protective sleeve can effectively control the crack propagation direction of the eccentric decoupling charge.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD235

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本文編號：2140160