本文選題：大采高綜放　切入點(diǎn)：覆巖拱結(jié)構(gòu)　出處：《西安科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：巨厚煤層大采高綜放開采一次采出煤層厚度大,巖層運(yùn)移范圍廣,工作面煤壁片幫、支架被壓死或損壞等問題嚴(yán)重制約大采高綜放工作面安全高效生產(chǎn)。因此研究大采高綜放工作面覆巖移動破壞規(guī)律、結(jié)構(gòu)特征、支架載荷,對巨厚煤層大采高綜放開采實(shí)現(xiàn)安全高效生產(chǎn)具有重要的意義。本文以鄂爾多斯大唐龍王溝煤礦6#煤層在6~上煤采與未采兩種條件下進(jìn)行大采高綜放開采(采5m放15m)對比試驗(yàn)為例(工程類比法取支架額定工作阻力15000kN),采用相似材料模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)及數(shù)值計(jì)算研究了工作面覆巖結(jié)構(gòu)特征、應(yīng)力演化規(guī)律及支架載荷。結(jié)果表明6~上煤未采條件下,覆巖拱結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)育范圍小其內(nèi)可形成砌體梁結(jié)構(gòu),工作面礦壓顯現(xiàn)緩和,工作面可安全生產(chǎn)。6~上煤已采條件下,覆巖拱結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)育范圍大其內(nèi)形不成砌體梁結(jié)構(gòu),工作面煤壁片幫嚴(yán)重、支架頻繁被壓死,因此認(rèn)為在6~上煤采空區(qū)下進(jìn)行6#煤開采是不可行的。分析研究6~上煤采空區(qū)下進(jìn)行6#煤大采高綜放開采覆巖移動破壞規(guī)律知,巖層移動破壞范圍廣,采空區(qū)不能有效充填,因此采空區(qū)對圍巖的約束減小,同時(shí)6~上煤開采時(shí)上覆巖層受采動影響強(qiáng)度減弱導(dǎo)致工作面前方出現(xiàn)超前拉裂裂隙。超前裂隙的存在造就了工作面與超前裂隙之間存在超前巖柱,超前巖柱向采空區(qū)的回轉(zhuǎn)致使工作面煤壁片幫嚴(yán)重,支架受力陡然增大直至被壓死�；谏鲜龇治鼍C合對比兩種開采條件下6#煤層開采覆巖運(yùn)移規(guī)律知,工作面推進(jìn)過程中形成的拱結(jié)構(gòu)與工作面存在拱結(jié)構(gòu)滯后于、同步于、超前于工作面三種位置關(guān)系,三種位置關(guān)系下工作面礦壓顯現(xiàn)差異明顯。拱頂堅(jiān)硬巖層控制著拱結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)育,對其建立力學(xué)模型明確了拱結(jié)構(gòu)與工作面三種位置關(guān)系的判定條件并進(jìn)行驗(yàn)算。同時(shí)建立拱結(jié)構(gòu)超前于工作面情況下支架受力的力學(xué)模型給出了工作面液壓支架工作阻力計(jì)算公式,并進(jìn)行驗(yàn)算所得結(jié)果與實(shí)驗(yàn)實(shí)測值基本吻合。
[Abstract]:The thickness of coal seam is large, the range of strata migration is wide, and the face wall is covered by fully mechanized caving caving with large mining height in very thick coal seam. The problems such as dead or damaged support seriously restrict the safe and efficient production of fully mechanized top-coal caving face with large mining height. Therefore, the law of movement and destruction of overburden, structural characteristics, load of support are studied in fully mechanized top-coal caving face with large mining height. It is of great significance to realize safe and efficient production by fully mechanized top coal caving mining in very thick coal seams. In this paper, 6 # coal seam of Datang Longwanggou Coal Mine, Ordos, is used for fully mechanized caving mining (5 m mining) under the condition of 6 ~ top coal mining and no mining. A comparative test of 15m is used as an example (the nominal working resistance of the support is measured by using the engineering analogy method, and the structural characteristics of the overburden rock in the working face are studied by using the similar material simulation experiment and numerical calculation. The results show that the masonry beam structure can be formed in a small development range of overburden arch structure under the condition of 6 ~ # coal unmining, the mine pressure of the working face is relaxed, and the working face can be safely produced under the condition of coal mining. The overburden arch structure has a large development range and its inner shape does not form a masonry beam structure. The coal wall of the working face is serious and the support is pressed to death frequently. Therefore, it is considered that it is not feasible to mine 6 # coal under the goaf of 6 ~ # top coal. The analysis and study on the rule of overburden rock movement of 6 # coal mining height fully mechanized caving mining under 6 ~ top coal mining goaf shows that there is a wide range of strata movement and damage, and the goaf cannot be filled effectively. Therefore, the constraint of goaf on surrounding rock is reduced, At the same time, in 6 ~ # coal mining, the overburden strata are weakened by the influence of mining movement, which leads to the ahead tension crack in front of the face. The existence of the leading crack results in the existence of the leading rock column between the working face and the leading fissure. The rotation of the leading rock column to the goaf leads to the serious coal wall cover in the working face, and the support force increases suddenly until it is crushed to death. Based on the above analysis and comprehensive comparison of the overlying rock migration law of the 6 # coal seam mining under the two mining conditions, it is known that, The arch structure formed in the process of working face advancing and the arch structure existing in the face lags behind, synchronizes, and is ahead of the three kinds of position relations of the working face. There are obvious differences in the rock pressure behavior of the working face under the three position relationships. The arch structure is controlled by the hard rock layer of the arch roof. The condition of determining the relationship between the arch structure and the three positions of the working face is determined and checked. At the same time, the mechanical model of the support bearing force ahead of the working face is established, and the working face hydraulic support is given. Working resistance calculation formula, The results are in good agreement with the experimental data.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD325

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