發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-22 18:54

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 球閥 熱分析 有限元法 故障樹(shù)　出處：《國(guó)防科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：液路截止球閥是以球體作為關(guān)閉件的閥門(mén)，具有流體阻力小，開(kāi)關(guān)迅速，密封性好，壽命長(zhǎng)，，可靠性高等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，得到廣泛運(yùn)用。工業(yè)界在以液路截止球閥為代表的球閥密封研究方面取得了一定進(jìn)展，但低溫條件下的密封可靠性問(wèn)題仍是一個(gè)難題。 由于環(huán)境和介質(zhì)不同，構(gòu)成球閥密封副的材料具有多樣性，試驗(yàn)和測(cè)試過(guò)程中很難模擬實(shí)際運(yùn)用狀態(tài)。本文在液路截止球閥設(shè)計(jì)使用方面，結(jié)合低溫性能故障，以液路截止球閥漏液故障為頂事件，分析該球閥設(shè)計(jì)使用過(guò)程中存在的問(wèn)題，對(duì)導(dǎo)致泄露事件的各種原因進(jìn)行分析，確定密封材料冷流特性和密封比壓設(shè)計(jì)不合理等底事件是導(dǎo)致泄露的主要原因，針對(duì)具體原因進(jìn)行機(jī)理分析和試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。通過(guò)理論分析和對(duì)比，確定改進(jìn)目標(biāo)和設(shè)計(jì)方案。 進(jìn)行有限元法仿真分析，針對(duì)球閥壓力、溫度和力矩進(jìn)行仿真模擬，進(jìn)行熱分析和應(yīng)力應(yīng)變分析，分析可能引起的疲勞和破壞。針對(duì)該球閥的三維模型進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)化和網(wǎng)格劃分，建立了便于進(jìn)行有限元數(shù)值計(jì)算的模型，在網(wǎng)格劃分時(shí)對(duì)閥芯、導(dǎo)套、密封帽等重要部件進(jìn)行加密處理。分別設(shè)定不同溫度和力矩條件，模擬開(kāi)啟和關(guān)閉狀態(tài)進(jìn)行仿真計(jì)算。在邊界參數(shù)確定后，對(duì)應(yīng)力和變形數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)分析，得到不同工況條件下最大應(yīng)力和變形狀態(tài)，分析得到液路截止球閥可靠工作的力矩要求和溫度范圍。 在仿真分析的基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)液路截止球閥進(jìn)行改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)，增加密封冗余設(shè)計(jì)和碟簧補(bǔ)償機(jī)構(gòu)。針對(duì)閥體、閥芯、碟簧、密封帽、密封圈等零部件進(jìn)行分析，確定設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)。運(yùn)用經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式對(duì)球閥連接件的強(qiáng)度、操縱力、剪切力、拉出力、抗沖擊能力、可靠性試驗(yàn)次數(shù)等進(jìn)行詳細(xì)計(jì)算。針對(duì)溫度變化引起的變形問(wèn)題，運(yùn)用線性尺寸變化公式進(jìn)行各部分間隙和體積變化量計(jì)算，得到體積變形量的變化趨勢(shì)。通過(guò)選擇合理參數(shù)和材料，計(jì)算出密封比壓、密封參數(shù)、預(yù)緊力矩等球閥設(shè)計(jì)關(guān)鍵指標(biāo)。 開(kāi)展試驗(yàn)研究，結(jié)合理論計(jì)算和液路截止球閥實(shí)際工況，對(duì)球閥進(jìn)行高溫密封檢測(cè)試驗(yàn)、低溫儲(chǔ)存試驗(yàn)、振動(dòng)試驗(yàn)、地面溫度循環(huán)試驗(yàn)、可靠性試驗(yàn)、高低溫循環(huán)試驗(yàn)、交變濕熱試驗(yàn)、不同介質(zhì)熱循環(huán)試驗(yàn)以及X光檢測(cè)項(xiàng)目測(cè)試，驗(yàn)證設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)和計(jì)算數(shù)據(jù)。結(jié)合系統(tǒng)給定的條件，考慮合適的邊界條件，確定的不同試驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行整機(jī)性能測(cè)試。所有試驗(yàn)均滿(mǎn)足設(shè)計(jì)要求，與理論分析和仿真結(jié)果吻合。特別是針對(duì)泄露情況和碟簧工作狀態(tài)進(jìn)行全面測(cè)試和檢驗(yàn)，試驗(yàn)結(jié)果與理論分析相互驗(yàn)證。
[Abstract]:Liquid cut off ball valve is a valve with ball as closing piece. It has the advantages of low fluid resistance, quick switch, good sealing, long life, high reliability and so on. Some progress has been made in the field of sealing of ball valves represented by liquid cut off ball valves, but the problem of sealing reliability at low temperature is still a difficult problem. Because of the difference of environment and medium, the materials that make up the sealing pair of ball valve are diverse, so it is difficult to simulate the actual application state in the process of test and test. Combined with the low temperature performance fault, this paper analyzes the problems existing in the design and use of the ball valve, and analyzes the various causes leading to the leakage event, taking the leakage fault of the liquid cut off ball valve as the top event. The main cause of leakage is to determine the cold flow characteristics of sealing materials and the unreasonable design of seal specific pressure. The mechanism analysis and experimental verification are carried out for the specific reasons, and the theoretical analysis and comparison are carried out. Identify improvement goals and design options. The finite element method is used to simulate the pressure, temperature and torque of the ball valve, and thermal analysis and stress-strain analysis are carried out. To simplify and mesh the three-dimensional model of the ball valve, the finite element numerical calculation model is established, and the valve core and guide sleeve are divided into two parts. Sealing cap and other important components are encrypted. Different temperature and torque conditions are set to simulate the state of opening and closing. After the boundary parameters are determined the corresponding force and deformation data are analyzed in detail. The maximum stress and deformation state under different working conditions were obtained, and the torque requirements and temperature range for the reliable operation of the liquid-cut ball valve were analyzed. On the basis of simulation and analysis, the design of liquid cut off ball valve is improved, the redundant seal design and disc spring compensation mechanism are added, and the parts such as valve body, valve core, disc spring, seal cap, seal ring and so on are analyzed. The design parameters are determined. The strength, control force, shear force, pull force, impact resistance and reliability test times of ball valve connectors are calculated in detail by empirical formula. The change trend of volume deformation is obtained by using linear size change formula to calculate the gap and volume change of each part. Through selecting reasonable parameters and materials, the sealing specific pressure and sealing parameters are calculated. Key parameters of ball valve design such as pre-tightening moment. To carry out experimental research, combined with theoretical calculation and actual working conditions of the liquid-cut ball valve, the test of high-temperature sealing, low-temperature storage test, vibration test, ground temperature circulation test and reliability test are carried out. High and low temperature cycle test, alternating humid heat test, different medium thermal cycle test and X ray test item test to verify the design parameters and calculation data. Considering the given conditions of the system, consider the appropriate boundary conditions. All the tests meet the design requirements, which are consistent with the theoretical analysis and simulation results. In particular, the leakage situation and disc spring working state are comprehensively tested and tested. The experimental results are verified by theoretical analysis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：國(guó)防科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TH134

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