存儲型膠囊內鏡系統(tǒng)設計
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-25 20:25
【摘要】：小腸結構較為復雜，傳統(tǒng)的機械插入類及灌腸造影類小腸檢查技術存在一些檢測盲區(qū)，且患者在受檢過程中頗為痛苦。新型的膠囊內鏡系統(tǒng)可直觀檢測全部小腸的黏膜及病變情況，檢測過程中患者行動自如無不適感，該系統(tǒng)的問世填補了小腸檢查領域無創(chuàng)性、可視化檢查的空白，已逐漸成為小腸疾病診斷的首選方案之一。 分析并比較目前市面上膠囊內鏡系統(tǒng)的硬件設計方案，并結合膠囊內鏡在臨床應用中所面臨的問題，提出了一種以FPGA為運算控制核心，以Micro SD存儲卡直接進行數(shù)據(jù)保存的膠囊內鏡設計方案。在該設計方案中，圖像采集設備選用CMOS型圖像傳感器，，傳感器自動采集圖像并輸出數(shù)字圖像信號，圖像信號交由FPGA處理并轉發(fā)至Micro SD存儲卡保存。該系統(tǒng)由3V紐扣型鋰電池直接供電，其數(shù)據(jù)傳輸、閃光控制、CMOS傳感器初始化及Micro SD卡初始化等邏輯功能則全部由FPGA實現(xiàn)。該設計方案的關鍵技術在于以FPGA來實現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸和外設控制功能，F(xiàn)PGA內部設計有圖像數(shù)據(jù)接收、FIFO緩沖器、SD總線控制器、閃光控制、傳感器初始化、存儲卡初始化等功能模塊，其中，圖像數(shù)據(jù)接收模塊可按照CMOS傳感器的輸出協(xié)議規(guī)范來同步接收圖像數(shù)據(jù)，SD總線控制器則可按照Micro SD存儲卡的讀寫協(xié)議規(guī)范來輸出圖像數(shù)據(jù)，而FIFO緩沖器則用來協(xié)調數(shù)據(jù)接收和數(shù)據(jù)輸出的步調。 實驗表明，基于FPGA和Micro SD存儲卡的膠囊內鏡系統(tǒng)可以在640×480圖像分辨率及2fps幀率標準下穩(wěn)定工作，單次工作時間8小時以上，完全滿足臨床應用標準。
[Abstract]:The structure of the small intestine is more complicated. There are some blind areas in the traditional techniques of mechanical insertion and enema examination, and the patients are very painful in the process of examination. The new capsule endoscopy system can intuitively detect the mucosal and pathological changes of the small intestine, and the patients can move freely without discomfort during the process of detection. The invention of the system fills up the blank of non-invasive and visual examination in the field of small intestinal examination. It has gradually become one of the first choice for diagnosis of small bowel diseases. This paper analyzes and compares the hardware design of capsule endoscopy system in the market at present, and puts forward a kind of arithmetic control core based on FPGA combined with the problems that capsule endoscopy is facing in clinical application. The design of capsule endoscopy with Micro SD memory card was used to store the data directly. In this design, CMOS image sensor is used in the design. The sensor automatically collects the image and outputs the digital image signal. The image signal is processed by FPGA and forwarded to the Micro SD memory card. The system is powered directly by a 3V button lithium battery, and its logic functions, such as data transmission, flash control CMOS sensor initialization and Micro SD card initialization, are all implemented by FPGA. The key technology of this design scheme lies in the realization of data transmission and peripheral control function by FPGA. The internal design of FPGA includes image data receiving FIFO buffer SD bus controller, flash control, sensor initialization, memory card initialization and so on. The image data receiving module can synchronously receive the image data according to the output protocol specification of the CMOS sensor and the SD bus controller can output the image data according to the read and write protocol specification of the Micro SD memory card. The FIFO buffer is used to coordinate the pace of data reception and data output. The experiment shows that the capsule endoscopy system based on FPGA and Micro SD memory card can work stably under 640 脳 480 image resolution and 2fps frame rate standard, and the working time is more than 8 hours.
【學位授予單位】：華中科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TP333
[Abstract]:The structure of the small intestine is more complicated. There are some blind areas in the traditional techniques of mechanical insertion and enema examination, and the patients are very painful in the process of examination. The new capsule endoscopy system can intuitively detect the mucosal and pathological changes of the small intestine, and the patients can move freely without discomfort during the process of detection. The invention of the system fills up the blank of non-invasive and visual examination in the field of small intestinal examination. It has gradually become one of the first choice for diagnosis of small bowel diseases. This paper analyzes and compares the hardware design of capsule endoscopy system in the market at present, and puts forward a kind of arithmetic control core based on FPGA combined with the problems that capsule endoscopy is facing in clinical application. The design of capsule endoscopy with Micro SD memory card was used to store the data directly. In this design, CMOS image sensor is used in the design. The sensor automatically collects the image and outputs the digital image signal. The image signal is processed by FPGA and forwarded to the Micro SD memory card. The system is powered directly by a 3V button lithium battery, and its logic functions, such as data transmission, flash control CMOS sensor initialization and Micro SD card initialization, are all implemented by FPGA. The key technology of this design scheme lies in the realization of data transmission and peripheral control function by FPGA. The internal design of FPGA includes image data receiving FIFO buffer SD bus controller, flash control, sensor initialization, memory card initialization and so on. The image data receiving module can synchronously receive the image data according to the output protocol specification of the CMOS sensor and the SD bus controller can output the image data according to the read and write protocol specification of the Micro SD memory card. The FIFO buffer is used to coordinate the pace of data reception and data output. The experiment shows that the capsule endoscopy system based on FPGA and Micro SD memory card can work stably under 640 脳 480 image resolution and 2fps frame rate standard, and the working time is more than 8 hours.
【學位授予單位】：華中科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TP333
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