交通燈智能配時模型算法的研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-16 10:17
【摘要】：當(dāng)前我國絕大部分地區(qū)交通信號燈仍然采用的是固定周期的交通信號控制方式,即交通信號燈按照預(yù)先設(shè)定好的固定周期和預(yù)置的相位進(jìn)行工作。這種交通信號燈適合安裝在可以預(yù)估交通流量和交通類型的區(qū)域。但隨著城市的建設(shè)發(fā)展,這種定時控制的方式不能滿足和適應(yīng)交通流量的短期波動變化,其部分改進(jìn)方式也只是將交通燈周期簡單地分為高峰期與一般時期,并沒有實(shí)時性。因而當(dāng)交通流量突變的時候,會引起嚴(yán)重的車輛延誤。不能適應(yīng)交通道路狀況的實(shí)時變化,不僅會造成時間的浪費(fèi),也帶來了相應(yīng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)問題,環(huán)境問題。 本文首先介紹了國內(nèi)外的研究現(xiàn)狀以及存在的問題。 隨后對建立交通信號控制模型所涉及到的基本概念、基本理論與基本方法進(jìn)行較為全面深入的闡述。通過對交通信號控制理論的學(xué)習(xí),知道了各交通信號控制參數(shù)(信號周期,綠信比等),交通流參數(shù)(飽和流量,通行能力等)對交通控制的重要性,及評判道路交通好壞的性能指標(biāo)參數(shù)(延誤時間,停車次數(shù)等)。 其次對單交叉口信號控制進(jìn)行了研究,主要對定時控制、感應(yīng)控制等控制方式分別進(jìn)行深入的分析,了解其各自的優(yōu)劣勢,工作原理等。 接著從數(shù)學(xué)角度建立交通信號配時模型�？紤]到實(shí)際實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)采集的方便性及可靠性,采用排隊(duì)長度作為參考指標(biāo),同時在對比分析了現(xiàn)有的車輛檢測技術(shù)后,選擇用環(huán)形線圈檢測技術(shù)與視頻車輛檢測技術(shù)來為系統(tǒng)做數(shù)據(jù)采集。在建模中,使用關(guān)鍵車流來確定交叉口的車流選擇,以不改變交通相位和周期時長為前提,只對各相位的綠燈時長進(jìn)行調(diào)整,使得整個交叉口總延誤時間盡可能的短,各車流方向的排隊(duì)長度達(dá)到相對平衡為目標(biāo)。然后以一個實(shí)際的T型路口交通流情況,對模型進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。最后對模型算法流程進(jìn)行了描述。 再者,綜合比較了幾種常見的交通仿真軟件,選擇VISSIM仿真軟件對交通流進(jìn)行仿真,根據(jù)模型算法流程對交通信號控制進(jìn)行不斷的調(diào)整,通過兩組實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行測試及對其結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析,驗(yàn)證了此模型算法流程在交通信號控制中的可行性。同時還對其產(chǎn)生的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益及環(huán)境效益進(jìn)行了相關(guān)的分析。 最后本文在結(jié)尾處,對所做的工作進(jìn)行了總結(jié),對不足之處,可改進(jìn)的地方也進(jìn)行了討論。
[Abstract]:At present, traffic signals in most areas of our country still use the fixed period traffic signal control mode, that is, the traffic signal lights work according to the preset fixed period and preset phase. The traffic lights are fitted in areas where traffic flow and traffic types can be estimated. However, with the development of urban construction, the timing control method can not meet and adapt to the short-term fluctuation of traffic flow, and some of its improved methods are simply divided into peak period and general period, and there is no real time. Therefore, when the traffic flow changes, it will cause serious vehicle delay. Not being able to adapt to the real time change of traffic condition will not only cause time waste, but also bring about corresponding economic and environmental problems. This paper first introduces the domestic and foreign research status and existing problems. Then, the basic concepts, basic theories and methods involved in the establishment of traffic signal control model are expounded comprehensively and deeply. Through the study of traffic signal control theory, the importance of traffic signal control parameters (signal cycle, green letter ratio, etc.) and traffic flow parameters (saturated flow, traffic capacity, etc.) to traffic control is known. And evaluation of road traffic quality performance parameters (delay time, parking times, etc.). Secondly, the signal control of single intersection is studied. The control methods such as timing control and induction control are analyzed in depth to understand their advantages and disadvantages, working principles and so on. Then the traffic signal timing model is established from the mathematical point of view. Considering the convenience and reliability of the actual experimental data acquisition, the queue length is used as the reference index, and the existing vehicle detection technology is compared and analyzed. Loop coil detection technology and video vehicle detection technology are selected to do data acquisition for the system. In the modeling, the key traffic flow is used to determine the traffic flow selection at the intersection. The traffic phase and cycle time are not changed, and only the green light time of each phase is adjusted to make the total delay time of the intersection as short as possible. The queue length in each direction of traffic flow is relatively balanced. Then the model is verified by a real T-junction traffic flow. Finally, the flow of the model algorithm is described. Furthermore, several common traffic simulation softwares are compared, VISSIM simulation software is selected to simulate traffic flow, and traffic signal control is constantly adjusted according to the flow of the model algorithm. Two groups of experiments were carried out and the results were analyzed, and the feasibility of the model algorithm in traffic signal control was verified. At the same time, the economic and environmental benefits are analyzed. Finally, at the end of this paper, the work done is summarized, and the shortcomings and improvements are also discussed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491.54
本文編號：2382178
[Abstract]:At present, traffic signals in most areas of our country still use the fixed period traffic signal control mode, that is, the traffic signal lights work according to the preset fixed period and preset phase. The traffic lights are fitted in areas where traffic flow and traffic types can be estimated. However, with the development of urban construction, the timing control method can not meet and adapt to the short-term fluctuation of traffic flow, and some of its improved methods are simply divided into peak period and general period, and there is no real time. Therefore, when the traffic flow changes, it will cause serious vehicle delay. Not being able to adapt to the real time change of traffic condition will not only cause time waste, but also bring about corresponding economic and environmental problems. This paper first introduces the domestic and foreign research status and existing problems. Then, the basic concepts, basic theories and methods involved in the establishment of traffic signal control model are expounded comprehensively and deeply. Through the study of traffic signal control theory, the importance of traffic signal control parameters (signal cycle, green letter ratio, etc.) and traffic flow parameters (saturated flow, traffic capacity, etc.) to traffic control is known. And evaluation of road traffic quality performance parameters (delay time, parking times, etc.). Secondly, the signal control of single intersection is studied. The control methods such as timing control and induction control are analyzed in depth to understand their advantages and disadvantages, working principles and so on. Then the traffic signal timing model is established from the mathematical point of view. Considering the convenience and reliability of the actual experimental data acquisition, the queue length is used as the reference index, and the existing vehicle detection technology is compared and analyzed. Loop coil detection technology and video vehicle detection technology are selected to do data acquisition for the system. In the modeling, the key traffic flow is used to determine the traffic flow selection at the intersection. The traffic phase and cycle time are not changed, and only the green light time of each phase is adjusted to make the total delay time of the intersection as short as possible. The queue length in each direction of traffic flow is relatively balanced. Then the model is verified by a real T-junction traffic flow. Finally, the flow of the model algorithm is described. Furthermore, several common traffic simulation softwares are compared, VISSIM simulation software is selected to simulate traffic flow, and traffic signal control is constantly adjusted according to the flow of the model algorithm. Two groups of experiments were carried out and the results were analyzed, and the feasibility of the model algorithm in traffic signal control was verified. At the same time, the economic and environmental benefits are analyzed. Finally, at the end of this paper, the work done is summarized, and the shortcomings and improvements are also discussed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491.54
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條
1 蔡軍,曹慧英;智能交通燈控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)[J];重慶郵電學(xué)院學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);2004年03期
2 柴干;趙倩;蔣珉;;城市智能交通信號控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與開發(fā)[J];浙江大學(xué)學(xué)報(工學(xué)版);2010年07期
，本文編號：2382178
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