發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-12 09:45

【摘要】：近年來(lái)一些中小城市舉辦大型活動(dòng)的次數(shù)不斷增多,活動(dòng)短時(shí)間內(nèi)急劇產(chǎn)生的出行需求和匯聚的交通流給場(chǎng)館周邊的交通基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施帶來(lái)了巨大壓力。臨時(shí)停車(chē)場(chǎng)作為服務(wù)于大型活動(dòng)的交通設(shè)施的重要組成部分,其規(guī)劃方案的優(yōu)劣直接影響到活動(dòng)期間城市交通和生活的正常進(jìn)行。 首先,本文詳細(xì)界定了中小城市的規(guī)模,選取開(kāi)始結(jié)束時(shí)間固定、場(chǎng)所固定的大型活動(dòng)作為本文研究對(duì)象,分別從停車(chē)需求特性、交通流特性及停車(chē)特性三方面深入分析,為制定高效合理的臨時(shí)停車(chē)場(chǎng)規(guī)劃方案提供了指導(dǎo)依據(jù)。 其次,分析對(duì)比大城市的成熟案例,從交通管制區(qū)域劃分及管理,停車(chē)換乘,停車(chē)信息發(fā)布三方面,系統(tǒng)地提出中小城市的交通組織管理措施。通過(guò)綜合考慮步行允許值和巡泊交通流對(duì)關(guān)鍵節(jié)點(diǎn)的影響確定停車(chē)場(chǎng)分布的基本范圍；提出“觀(guān)光車(chē)為主體,多種換乘方式作補(bǔ)充”的換乘理念；采用多重形式加強(qiáng)停車(chē)信息的發(fā)布。 最后,從需求和供給入手,考慮出行者的路徑選擇行為,結(jié)合有關(guān)設(shè)施選址理論,建立了多目標(biāo)約束型大型活動(dòng)臨時(shí)停車(chē)場(chǎng)選址模型。該模型以停車(chē)者換乘費(fèi)用和換乘設(shè)施總費(fèi)用最小為目標(biāo),通過(guò)定義權(quán)重系數(shù)可以簡(jiǎn)化為單目標(biāo)函數(shù)。針對(duì)模型的復(fù)雜非線(xiàn)性,給出了蟻群優(yōu)化算法求解方法,并以中國(guó)(壽光)國(guó)際蔬菜科技博覽會(huì)為例,進(jìn)行了模型實(shí)例應(yīng)用和驗(yàn)證,為中小城市大型活動(dòng)臨時(shí)停車(chē)場(chǎng)的規(guī)劃提供了實(shí)際案例指導(dǎo)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the number of large-scale activities has been increasing in some small and medium-sized cities. The demand for travel and the converging traffic flow have brought great pressure to the traffic infrastructure around the venues in a short period of time. As an important part of traffic facilities serving for large-scale activities, the temporary parking lot has a direct impact on the normal urban traffic and life during the activities. First of all, this paper defines the scale of small and medium-sized cities in detail, selects large-scale activities with fixed start and end time and fixed location as the research object, and analyzes the parking demand characteristics, traffic flow characteristics and parking characteristics in depth, respectively, from three aspects: parking demand characteristics, traffic flow characteristics and parking characteristics. It provides the guidance for the establishment of efficient and reasonable temporary parking planning scheme. Secondly, this paper analyzes and compares the mature cases of big cities, and puts forward the traffic organization and management measures of small and medium-sized cities systematically from three aspects: division and management of traffic control areas, parking transfer and parking information release. The basic range of parking lot distribution is determined by considering the influence of walking allowable value and patrol traffic flow on the key nodes, and the transfer concept of "sightseeing vehicle as the main body, supplemented by various transfer modes" is put forward. Use multiple forms to strengthen the release of parking information. Finally, starting with the demand and supply, considering the path choice behavior of the travelers, combined with the related facility location theory, a multi-objective constrained large-scale temporary parking site model is established. The model aims at minimizing the transfer cost and the total cost of the transfer facility, and the weight coefficient can be reduced to a single objective function by defining the weight coefficient. In view of the complex nonlinearity of the model, an ant colony optimization algorithm is presented, and the application and verification of the model are carried out by taking the China (Shouguang) International vegetable Science and Technology Fair as an example. It provides practical case guidance for the planning of temporary parking lots for large scale activities in medium and small cities.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U491.71

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