【摘要】：港珠澳海底隧道是沉管法施工的水下隧道,是國際標(biāo)志性工程,其建成后將成為世界上最長(zhǎng)的海底沉管隧道,具有沿線長(zhǎng)、埋深大、交通流量大等特點(diǎn),火災(zāi)事故發(fā)生的可能性及破壞性均較大,并且造成的損失和影響巨大。本文從通風(fēng)排煙、人員疏散、交通控制和滅火救援等幾方面對(duì)港珠澳海底沉管隧道發(fā)生火災(zāi)時(shí)的應(yīng)急救援進(jìn)行了研究,本文的主要內(nèi)容為： (1)運(yùn)用數(shù)值模擬的方法對(duì)港珠澳海底沉管隧道安全停車距離進(jìn)行了研究,在此基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合港珠澳海底沉管隧道設(shè)計(jì)火源功率和汽車火災(zāi)規(guī)模,提出了港珠澳海底沉管隧道的火災(zāi)事件分級(jí)。根據(jù)港珠澳海底沉管隧道具體情況,確立了其應(yīng)急救援組織機(jī)構(gòu),并確定了各機(jī)構(gòu)的職責(zé)。 (2)港珠澳海底沉管隧道采用設(shè)置側(cè)邊排煙道的集中排煙系統(tǒng),這種設(shè)置方式在國內(nèi)尚屬首次。本文給出了其不同區(qū)段具體的通風(fēng)排煙方案,并給出了排煙量、誘導(dǎo)風(fēng)速和排煙閥開啟數(shù)量等具體參數(shù)。 (3)運(yùn)用數(shù)值模擬的手段,得出了不同情況下隧道發(fā)生火災(zāi)時(shí)人員的可用安全疏散時(shí)間與必需安全疏散時(shí)間,通過對(duì)比分析,給出了港珠澳海底沉管隧道合理的安全門間距。通過建立流體力學(xué)方程,對(duì)沉管隧道安全門斷面風(fēng)速和送風(fēng)量進(jìn)行了求解。 (4)對(duì)沉管隧道火災(zāi)時(shí)的隧道內(nèi)交通控制方案、滅火救災(zāi)方案與醫(yī)療救護(hù)方案進(jìn)行了研究。在各專項(xiàng)應(yīng)急方案的基礎(chǔ)上給出了沉管隧道火災(zāi)事件整體響應(yīng)程序和災(zāi)后恢復(fù)程序。 本文的研究成果可對(duì)港珠澳海底沉管隧道發(fā)生火災(zāi)時(shí)的應(yīng)急救援工作提供技術(shù)支撐,并為類似的沉管隧道發(fā)生火災(zāi)時(shí)的應(yīng)急救援提供參考。
[Abstract]:The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao subsea tunnel is an underwater tunnel constructed by the sinking pipe method, and is an international landmark project. It will become the longest submarine submerged tunnel in the world after its completion. It has the characteristics of long line, large buried depth, large traffic flow, etc. The possibility and damage of fire accident are great, and the loss and influence are enormous. In this paper, the emergency rescue of underwater immersed tunnel in Hong Kong, Zhuhai and Macao is studied from the aspects of ventilation and smoke exhaust, evacuation, traffic control and fire fighting and rescue. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the safe stopping distance of underwater immersed tunnel in Hong Kong, Zhuhai-Macao and Macao is studied by numerical simulation method. On this basis, the power of fire source and the scale of vehicle fire are combined with the design of submarine immersed tunnel in Hong Kong, Zhuhai-Macao. The fire event classification of underwater immersed tunnel in Hong Kong, Zhuhaiao and Macao is put forward. According to the specific situation of Hong Kong, Zhuhai-Macao submarine sinking tunnel, the emergency rescue organization is established, and the responsibilities of each organization are determined. (2) Hong Kong Zhuhai-Macao submarine sinking tunnel adopts a centralized smoke discharge system with side discharge flue. This setup is the first time in China. In this paper, the specific ventilation and smoke exhaust schemes in different sections are given, and the specific parameters such as smoke discharge amount, induced wind speed and the number of exhaust valve opening are given. (3) numerical simulation is used. The available safety evacuation time and necessary safety evacuation time of tunnel fire are obtained. Through comparison and analysis, the reasonable safety door spacing of underwater immersed tunnel in Hong Kong, Zhuhai and Macao is given. By establishing the hydrodynamic equation, the wind speed and air supply rate of the safety door section of the immersed tunnel are solved. (4) the traffic control scheme, the fire fighting and rescue scheme and the medical rescue scheme of the tunnel fire are studied. On the basis of each special emergency plan, the whole response procedure and disaster recovery procedure of immersed tunnel fire event are given. The research results in this paper can provide technical support for the emergency rescue work of underwater immersed tunnel fire in Hong Kong, Zhuhai-Macao, and provide reference for the emergency rescue of similar submerged tunnel fire.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U458;U459.5

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