本文選題：公交信號優(yōu)先 + 控制方法　； 參考：《吉林大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：改革開放以來，我國社會生產(chǎn)力得到空前的解放和發(fā)展，社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展迅速，城市空間結(jié)構(gòu)的擴張，城市規(guī)模的擴大，人民生活水品的不斷提高，居民對于出行的需求與日俱增。但總體來看，我國的基礎(chǔ)交通設(shè)施不夠完善，功能不夠齊全，相對于城市的總體發(fā)展水平來說相對落后。由此引發(fā)交通領(lǐng)域的供需矛盾，從而產(chǎn)生一系列的交通問題。 公共交通以其速度快、容量大，，耗能低等特點近年來成為應對小汽車快速發(fā)展的重要措施之一。通過提升公共交通的競爭力，使更多乘客自發(fā)性的選擇乘坐公共交通出行，從而減少道路交通量，緩解道路交通的壓力。隨著我國城鎮(zhèn)化的不斷推進，城市交通面臨嚴峻的挑戰(zhàn)。對于我國人口密度大，可使用道路少的，城市交通量大等特點，大力發(fā)展公共交通恰好可以解決我國的交通問題，同時也可以貫徹落實十二五規(guī)劃綱要中大力發(fā)展公共交通事業(yè)的規(guī)定。 本文在上述背景環(huán)境下，建立符合我國道路環(huán)境的公交信號優(yōu)先控制系統(tǒng)。研究基于交叉口的公交信號優(yōu)先控制方法，重點研究多方向公交信號優(yōu)先控制方法。旨在從技術(shù)角度拓寬公交優(yōu)先的實施范圍，從而更廣泛解決實際交通問題。 首先分析現(xiàn)有的時代背景，明確實施公交信號優(yōu)先的的目的和意義，突出公交信號優(yōu)先緩解交通壓力的地位，分析公交信號優(yōu)先的國內(nèi)外現(xiàn)狀，通過問題分析給出本文的研究方向和內(nèi)容。 其次介紹公交信號優(yōu)先的三種控制策略，給出每種控制方式的實現(xiàn)方法。對比三種控制方式，詳細分析每種控制方式的特點，為本文的理論研究提供鋪墊。 再次通過界定單方向的控制條件和控制原則，明確公交信號優(yōu)先系統(tǒng)在城市交通系統(tǒng)的定位。選擇綠燈延長和綠燈提前啟亮兩種方式，采用面積三角形法建立相應的目標函數(shù)，并通過飽和度作為重要指標來約束目標函數(shù)，通過算例演示驗證模型的可靠性。 再次回顧現(xiàn)有的多方向信號優(yōu)先控制方法，在一一剖析每種方法的控制特點和實用性的基礎(chǔ)上，提出基于綠燈急切度的控制方法。給出基本假設(shè)條件后，推導出相應的控制參數(shù)，并明確方向切換依據(jù)。采用仿真驗證檢驗模型的實際運行效果。 最后回顧全文的研究內(nèi)容，從理論和實際角度給出文章的不足之處，并指出文章需要做的后續(xù)研究工作。 本文的交叉口公交信號優(yōu)先控制策略及優(yōu)化模型是對公交信號優(yōu)先理論和方法的有益探索，為地面公交車輛實現(xiàn)時間優(yōu)先提供一定的技術(shù)支持，進一步響應國家優(yōu)先發(fā)展公交的政策。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's social productive forces have been unprecedented liberation and development, social and economic development has been rapid, the urban spatial structure expansion, the expansion of urban scale, the people's living water products continue to improve. Residents are in increasing demand for travel. But overall, our country's basic transportation facilities are not perfect, the function is not complete, relative to the city's overall development level is relatively backward. This leads to the contradiction between supply and demand in the field of transportation, which leads to a series of traffic problems. Public transportation has become one of the important measures to deal with the rapid development of cars in recent years because of its fast speed, large capacity and low energy consumption. By improving the competitiveness of public transport, more passengers choose to travel on public transport spontaneously, thus reducing the volume of road traffic and relieving the pressure of road traffic. With the development of urbanization in China, urban traffic is facing severe challenges. For the characteristics of large population density, less road use and large urban traffic volume in our country, vigorously developing public transport can solve the traffic problems in our country. At the same time, it can also implement the 12-year-plan outline to vigorously develop public transport. In this paper, the bus signal priority control system which accords with the road environment in China is established under the above background environment. The bus signal priority control method based on intersection is studied, and the multi-directional bus signal priority control method is studied. The aim is to widen the scope of bus priority from the technical point of view, so as to solve the practical traffic problems more widely. First of all, it analyzes the background of the existing times, defines the purpose and significance of implementing bus signal priority, highlights the status of bus signal priority in alleviating traffic pressure, and analyzes the status quo of bus signal priority at home and abroad. The research direction and content of this paper are given through problem analysis. Secondly, three control strategies of bus signal priority are introduced, and the realization methods of each control mode are given. By comparing the three control methods, the characteristics of each control mode are analyzed in detail, which provides a basis for the theoretical study of this paper. Thirdly, by defining the control conditions and control principles of single direction, the location of bus signal priority system in urban traffic system is clarified. Two methods of green light extension and green light opening in advance are selected. The area triangle method is used to establish the corresponding objective function. The saturation is used as an important index to constrain the objective function. The reliability of the model is verified by a numerical example. The existing multi-directional signal priority control methods are reviewed again. On the basis of analyzing the control characteristics and practicability of each method, a control method based on green light urgency is proposed. After the basic assumptions are given, the corresponding control parameters are derived, and the basis of direction switching is defined. The actual operation effect of the model is verified by simulation. In the end, the paper reviews the research contents of the paper, and points out the deficiencies of the paper from the theoretical and practical aspects, and points out the following research work that needs to be done in the article. The bus signal priority control strategy and optimization model in this paper is a useful exploration of bus signal priority theory and method, and provides some technical support for the realization of time priority for ground bus vehicles. Further respond to the national policy of giving priority to the development of public transport.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491.54

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