本文選題：交通燈檢測 + 形態(tài)學(xué)處理��； 參考：《武漢理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)高速發(fā)展，汽車也越來越普及。然而，汽車在帶來便利的同時(shí)，也使得城市交通狀況更加復(fù)雜，這就需要更多的交通燈為交通路口提供導(dǎo)航信息。而智能車在行駛過程中同樣需要獲取交通燈信息來進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的行為決策。 在此，本文提出了一種對交通燈進(jìn)行檢測分類的算法。和主流的檢測算法所不同的是，本系統(tǒng)先對交通燈背板進(jìn)行檢測，然后再根據(jù)發(fā)光單元的相關(guān)特性進(jìn)行檢測與分類。為了提高運(yùn)行速度，該算法首先對天空等色度與背板差異較大的區(qū)域進(jìn)行篩除；然后利用交通燈背板的相關(guān)特性進(jìn)行篩選，得到交通燈背板目標(biāo)區(qū)域；最后利用交通燈發(fā)光單元的特性進(jìn)行定位，并識別出發(fā)光單元的類型。本文的主要工作和貢獻(xiàn)如下。 （1）對于經(jīng)過預(yù)處理后的圖像，，合理的利用數(shù)學(xué)形態(tài)學(xué)操作對交通燈背板和與之相連的橫桿進(jìn)行分離，并根據(jù)背板的基本幾何特征對候選區(qū)域進(jìn)行過濾。 （2）采用基于主分量分析的最大似然比檢驗(yàn)算法區(qū)分交通燈背板和雜質(zhì)，以提供合理的背板目標(biāo)區(qū)域供后續(xù)發(fā)光單元檢測算法進(jìn)行定位分類。 （3）在對交通燈發(fā)光單元的類型進(jìn)行區(qū)分時(shí)，將Hu不變矩、Hough圓檢測和圓形度檢測進(jìn)行對比分析，并選出合適的算法提取圓形交通燈；對于箭頭形交通燈，在比對了模板匹配和坐標(biāo)軸投影檢測方法的實(shí)驗(yàn)效果之后選擇后者進(jìn)行快速高效的分割。 對實(shí)景車輛采集到的圖片進(jìn)行測試，結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了本系統(tǒng)在紅燈檢測中的可行性和高效性。對由于圖像質(zhì)量等其它不確定因素導(dǎo)致的誤檢和漏檢，本論文在最后也給出了未來工作的改進(jìn)思路。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy, cars are becoming more and more popular. However, while the automobile brings convenience, it also makes the urban traffic situation more complicated, which requires more traffic lights to provide navigation information for traffic junctions. The intelligent vehicle also needs to obtain the traffic light information to make the corresponding behavior decision. In this paper, a traffic light detection and classification algorithm is proposed. Different from the mainstream detection algorithm, the system detects the backplane of the traffic light first, then detects and classifies the backplane according to the characteristics of the light-emitting unit. In order to improve the running speed, the algorithm firstly sieves out the regions with big difference between the sky chroma and the backplane, and then sift through the related characteristics of the traffic light backplane to obtain the target area of the traffic light backplane. Finally, the characteristics of the traffic light emitting unit are used to locate and identify the type of the light emitting unit. The main work and contribution of this paper are as follows. The candidate regions are filtered according to the basic geometric features of the backplane. (2) the maximum likelihood ratio test algorithm based on principal component analysis (PCA) is used to distinguish the traffic light backplane from the impurity. In order to provide a reasonable backplane target area for the subsequent luminous unit detection algorithm to locate and classify. 3) when the traffic light emitting unit type is distinguished, the Hu invariant moment Hough circle detection and the circular degree detection are compared and analyzed. An appropriate algorithm is selected to extract circular traffic lights. For arrowhead traffic lights, the experimental results of template matching and coordinate axis projection detection are compared and the latter is selected for fast and efficient segmentation. The results show that the system is feasible and efficient in red light detection. At the end of this paper, the improvement ideas of future work are also given for the false detection and missed detection caused by other uncertain factors such as image quality.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U495;TP391.41

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 陳思;;基于Otsu算法的車牌圖像二值化及其Matlab實(shí)現(xiàn)[J];長春師范學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2012年03期

2 王廳列;徐紅霞;鄭龍;趙曉東;李方洲;;一種基于機(jī)器視覺識別交通燈的方法[J];福建電腦;2010年03期

3 金波;;有關(guān)計(jì)算機(jī)軟件開發(fā)語言的探討[J];科技創(chuàng)新與應(yīng)用;2013年04期

4 杜敬林;馬忠成;陳建輝;廖小滿;安天思;;艦船尾流聲散射和幾何特征試驗(yàn)[J];哈爾濱工程大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2010年07期

5 劉永昌,張平,嚴(yán)衛(wèi)東,陳書海;基于KL變換的TM圖像變化信息提取方法[J];計(jì)算機(jī)工程與應(yīng)用;2002年04期

6 楊瓊,丁曉青;對稱主分量分析及其在人臉識別中的應(yīng)用[J];計(jì)算機(jī)學(xué)報(bào);2003年09期

7 張?jiān)普?趙海;宋純賀;景巍;;一種新的連通區(qū)域標(biāo)記算法[J];計(jì)算機(jī)應(yīng)用研究;2010年11期

8 章立軍;楊德斌;徐金梧;陳志新;;基于數(shù)學(xué)形態(tài)濾波的齒輪故障特征提取方法[J];機(jī)械工程學(xué)報(bào);2007年02期

9 田建華;;淺議數(shù)字圖像處理中的模擬信號處理[J];價(jià)值工程;2011年14期

10 張紅梅;張智高;裴志利;;圖像點(diǎn)運(yùn)算在圖像灰度變換中的應(yīng)用與實(shí)現(xiàn)[J];內(nèi)蒙古民族大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2012年06期

本文編號：2012715