本文選題：公交線路 + 元胞自動(dòng)機(jī)��； 參考：《北京交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展導(dǎo)致了我國(guó)城鎮(zhèn)化水平和機(jī)動(dòng)車(chē)保有量的迅速提升,交通擁堵也因此成為制約大中型城市可持續(xù)發(fā)展的主要瓶頸�；谝酝膶�(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn),大力發(fā)展公共交通系統(tǒng)是一項(xiàng)緩解交通擁堵問(wèn)題的有效措施。然而,地面常規(guī)公共交通在實(shí)際運(yùn)營(yíng)中也呈現(xiàn)出了如串車(chē)、載客率不均勻、準(zhǔn)時(shí)性低等問(wèn)題,所以為了解決公交運(yùn)營(yíng)中出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題,對(duì)常規(guī)公共交通系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行建模和運(yùn)行優(yōu)化的探究工作是非常必要的。 論文選用元胞自動(dòng)機(jī)模型以構(gòu)建公交線路系統(tǒng),并對(duì)單條公交線路、雙條共線公交線路運(yùn)行特征、規(guī)律以及公交線路運(yùn)行優(yōu)化進(jìn)行了探討和分析。論文的主要工作如下： (1)在NaSch模型的基礎(chǔ)上,建立了考慮乘客出行起訖點(diǎn)分布的公交線路系統(tǒng)的元胞自動(dòng)機(jī)模型。利用三個(gè)指標(biāo)：公交車(chē)輛發(fā)車(chē)時(shí)間間隔、公交車(chē)輛最大載客量、乘客的到達(dá)概率,可以計(jì)算出公交線路系統(tǒng)的供需大小關(guān)系；在此基礎(chǔ)上可以得到公交系統(tǒng)的供需平衡線。 (2)對(duì)單條公交線路進(jìn)行建模和仿真,當(dāng)以公交車(chē)輛發(fā)車(chē)時(shí)間間隔和乘客到達(dá)率為判定公交系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行特性的參數(shù)時(shí),仿真結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)存在6種相位狀態(tài)：擁堵、串車(chē)、均勻狀態(tài),以及每種狀態(tài)下對(duì)應(yīng)的供能充足和供能不足的兩種細(xì)分狀態(tài)。此外,還發(fā)現(xiàn)公交系統(tǒng)的平均速度和車(chē)輛載客率都較高的情況存在于系統(tǒng)的供需平衡線附近。最后,通過(guò)對(duì)單線北京公交線路的GPS數(shù)據(jù)的處理,定性地驗(yàn)證了模型仿真的結(jié)果。 (3)對(duì)雙條共線公交線路進(jìn)行建模和仿真,發(fā)現(xiàn)空間因素(共線站點(diǎn)的個(gè)數(shù)和位置)和運(yùn)營(yíng)因素(公交車(chē)輛的發(fā)車(chē)時(shí)間間隔和乘客到達(dá)概率)與單線路系統(tǒng)相比,對(duì)共線線路的運(yùn)行特性沒(méi)有明顯的影響。通過(guò)設(shè)置換乘方式探討了需求因素的影響,仿真結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)：通過(guò)增加公交車(chē)輛的發(fā)車(chē)頻率和相對(duì)較多數(shù)量的共線站點(diǎn),乘客的候車(chē)時(shí)間明顯減少了；通過(guò)增加共線站點(diǎn)的數(shù)量,公交車(chē)輛在共線站點(diǎn)的�？繒r(shí)間能明顯減少。最后,通過(guò)對(duì)共線的兩條北京公交GPS數(shù)據(jù)的處理,定性地驗(yàn)證了模型仿真的結(jié)果。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of economy has led to the rapid increase of the level of urbanization and the number of motor vehicles in China, and traffic congestion has become the main bottleneck restricting the sustainable development of large and medium-sized cities. Based on previous practical experience, developing public transport system is an effective measure to alleviate traffic congestion. However, in the actual operation of conventional public transport on the ground, there are also some problems, such as train strings, uneven passenger loading rate, low punctuality, and so on, so in order to solve the problems in the operation of public transport, It is necessary to explore the modeling and operation optimization of conventional public transportation system. In this paper, the cellular automata model is selected to construct the bus line system, and the operation characteristics, rules and operation optimization of the single bus line and the double collinear bus line are discussed and analyzed. The main work of the thesis is as follows: 1) based on the NaSch model, the cellular automata model of the bus line system considering the distribution of passenger travel starting points is established. Using three indexes: the departure time interval of public transport vehicle, the maximum carrying capacity of public transport vehicle, the arrival probability of passengers, the size of supply and demand of bus line system can be calculated, and on this basis, the supply and demand balance line of bus system can be obtained. (2) Modeling and simulation of a single bus line. When the departure time interval and passenger arrival rate are taken as the parameters to determine the operating characteristics of the bus system, the simulation results show that the system has six phase states: congestion, train string, and so on. Uniform state and two subdivision states of sufficient and insufficient energy supply in each state. In addition, it is found that the average speed and the vehicle carrying rate of the public transport system are high near the supply and demand balance line of the system. Finally, the model simulation results are qualitatively verified by processing the GPS data of single line Beijing bus line. (3) Modeling and simulation of double collinear bus lines, it is found that spatial factors (number and location of collinear stations) and operational factors (bus departure time interval and passenger arrival probability) are compared with single line system. There is no obvious effect on the operating characteristics of collinear lines. The influence of demand factors is discussed by setting transfer mode. The simulation results show that by increasing the departure frequency of public transport vehicles and a relatively large number of common-line stations, the waiting time of passengers is obviously reduced; by increasing the number of common-line stations, the number of common-line stations is increased. Bus vehicles in the collinear stop time can be significantly reduced. Finally, the model simulation results are qualitatively verified by processing the GPS data of two common lines of Beijing bus.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U491.17

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條

1 郭繼孚;劉瑩;余柳;;對(duì)中國(guó)大城市交通擁堵問(wèn)題的認(rèn)識(shí)[J];城市交通;2011年02期

2 錢(qián)勇生;汪海龍;王春雷;;考慮公交港灣式�？康亩嗨倩旌铣鞘薪煌髟詣�(dòng)機(jī)模型研究[J];物理學(xué)報(bào);2008年04期

3 賈斌;李新剛;姜銳;高自友;;公交車(chē)站對(duì)交通流影響模擬分析[J];物理學(xué)報(bào);2009年10期

，

本文編號(hào)：1978893