本文關(guān)鍵詞： 異形斷面 盾構(gòu)刀盤 模擬試驗(yàn)臺 液壓比例位置控制 閥控缸 建模　出處：《東北大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：盾構(gòu)掘進(jìn)機(jī)是一種專門用于地下隧道工程開挖的大型高科技施工裝備。它具有開挖快、優(yōu)質(zhì)、安全、經(jīng)濟(jì)并有利于環(huán)境保護(hù)和降低勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。傳統(tǒng)的盾構(gòu)主要是以圓形斷面為主,而隨著地下空間的不斷開發(fā)和利用,人們對隧道的功能提出了新的要求,隧道斷面的多樣化成為了盾構(gòu)未來的發(fā)展趨勢。采用傳統(tǒng)圓形盾構(gòu)加工異形斷面隧道時(shí),往往會造成斷面利用率低、浪費(fèi)空間等弊端。而采用異形斷面可減少開挖面積、減少回填土量,從而提高效率和空間利用率,使隧道施工技術(shù)更趨先進(jìn)。為此,設(shè)計(jì)與研發(fā)異形斷面盾構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)是當(dāng)前各國迫切需要研究解決的重大問題。 本論文首先提出了一種新型的異形斷面盾構(gòu)刀盤結(jié)構(gòu),并建立了刀盤挖掘截面的計(jì)算模型�？紤]到現(xiàn)場試驗(yàn)需付出較大的經(jīng)濟(jì)代價(jià)和承擔(dān)較高的安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn),研制了模擬試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng),該試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)可用于模擬矩形、門洞型等復(fù)雜截面的挖掘。 接著,采用MATLAB軟件編程進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)臺設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)的確定,并對試驗(yàn)臺主要零部件進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)校核�；贏NSYS Workbench軟件平臺,對試驗(yàn)臺機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行靜力分析,觀察主要零部件承載能力及應(yīng)力、變形分布情況,并進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)的改進(jìn)。 詳細(xì)分析試驗(yàn)臺的動(dòng)作要求,確定了電液比例控制系統(tǒng)的方案,并設(shè)計(jì)液壓系統(tǒng)原理圖,查閱相關(guān)廠家產(chǎn)品樣本,選定合適的液壓元件型號。采用傳遞函數(shù)的建模方法,首先建立了三位四通不對稱比例方向閥控制不對稱缸動(dòng)力機(jī)構(gòu)的數(shù)學(xué)模型,獲得了比例位置控制試驗(yàn)臺的傳遞函數(shù)。接著論文采用MATLAB/Simulink軟件進(jìn)行了液壓系統(tǒng)的性能分析,設(shè)計(jì)PID控制器,對所建立模型進(jìn)行校正,使系統(tǒng)更加穩(wěn)定、響應(yīng)更快。采用DSHp lus軟件對液壓系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了建模仿真,其結(jié)果與傳遞函數(shù)建模的結(jié)果幾乎相同,一定程度上證明了模型的準(zhǔn)確性。 運(yùn)用Solidworks三維軟件進(jìn)行模擬試驗(yàn)臺的建模,并詳細(xì)介紹了試驗(yàn)臺機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)和液壓系統(tǒng)的加工制造過程以及液壓站的現(xiàn)場調(diào)試,總結(jié)了生產(chǎn)制造過程出現(xiàn)的問題以及解決方案。
[Abstract]:Shield tunneling machine is a kind of large-scale high-tech construction equipment specially used for underground tunnel excavation. It has the advantages of quick excavation, high quality and safety. The traditional shield is mainly circular section, and with the continuous development and utilization of underground space, people put forward new requirements for the function of tunnel. The diversification of tunnel sections has become the development trend of shield tunneling in the future. When the traditional circular shield machine is used to process special-shaped section tunnels, it will often result in low utilization ratio of sections and waste of space, etc. However, the use of special-shaped sections can reduce the excavation area. In order to reduce the amount of backfill, improve the efficiency and space utilization, and make the tunnel construction technology more advanced, the design and development of special-shaped section shield structure is an urgent need to be studied and solved in many countries. In this paper, a new type of special-section shield cutter head structure is proposed, and the calculation model of cutter head excavation section is established. A simulation test system is developed, which can be used to simulate the excavation of rectangular and portal sections. Then, the design parameters of the test bed are determined by MATLAB software, and the structural design of the main parts of the test bed is checked. Based on the ANSYS Workbench software platform, the static analysis of the mechanical structure of the test bed is carried out. Observe the load-carrying capacity, stress and deformation distribution of main parts, and improve the structure. The operation requirement of the test-bed is analyzed in detail, the scheme of electro-hydraulic proportional control system is determined, and the schematic diagram of hydraulic system is designed, the relevant manufacturer's product sample is consulted, the appropriate hydraulic component model is selected, and the modeling method of transfer function is adopted. Firstly, the mathematical model of three-position four-way asymmetrical proportional directional valve to control the asymmetrical cylinder power mechanism is established, and the transfer function of the proportional position control test-bed is obtained. Then, the performance analysis of hydraulic system is carried out by using MATLAB/Simulink software. The PID controller is designed to correct the established model, which makes the system more stable and responsive. The hydraulic system is modeled and simulated by DSHp lus software, and the result is almost the same as that of the transfer function modeling. The accuracy of the model is proved to some extent. The modeling of the simulated test bed is carried out by using Solidworks software, and the machining and manufacturing process of the mechanical structure and hydraulic system of the test bed and the field debugging of the hydraulic station are introduced in detail. The problems and solutions in the manufacturing process are summarized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U455.39

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