本文關(guān)鍵詞： 臺階式海堤 玻璃二維水槽 大波浪作用 波浪特性　出處：《廣西大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在我國沿海地區(qū),一般都修建海堤來減弱海岸地區(qū)不受暴潮、大型海浪的侵襲。隨著人類社會的進步,為了減少大型風(fēng)浪對沿海居民生存環(huán)境的影響,在傳統(tǒng)的海堤形式的基礎(chǔ)上,近年來各國先后嘗試著研究各種新型的海堤結(jié)構(gòu),以增強海堤的消浪效果,并降低工程造價。目前,在沿海地區(qū)已經(jīng)開始利用臺階式海堤,但對臺階式海堤堤前波浪特性及其消浪消浪效果還缺乏相應(yīng)的研究。 本文通過物理模型試驗,研究臺階式海堤的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對海堤堤前波浪特性的影響規(guī)律。試驗是在廣西大學(xué)水利實驗室二維波浪水槽中進行的,物理試驗按重力相似準則設(shè)計模型,模型幾何比尺采用1：10,試驗從海堤的坡度和臺階高度兩個方面設(shè)計了五組試驗方案,并且依據(jù)我國沿海地區(qū)大型波浪的實測資料設(shè)計了六組大型波浪入射工況,在試驗中測試了堤前波浪壅高、波浪反射系數(shù)、流場變化、波浪爬高和波浪作用下臺階面上的脈動壓力等參數(shù)。從臺階式海堤堤前波浪壅高程度、堤前流場變化、波浪爬高和海堤堤面臺階的振動程度等四個方面對堤前波浪特性進行綜合分析評價。 根據(jù)物理模型試驗的結(jié)果,分析了海堤坡度和臺階高度對堤前波高、堤前流速、波浪在海堤堤面上的爬高和海堤堤面臺階上的脈動壓力的影響,得到如下結(jié)論：當(dāng)海堤臺階高度一定時,海堤的坡度變緩,堤前波浪壅高增大,堤前流速減小,波浪爬高減弱和海堤堤面臺階振動減小,即是臺階式海堤坡度越緩,海堤越安全穩(wěn)定；而當(dāng)海堤坡度一定時,隨著海堤臺階高度的增大,海堤反射的波浪增多,反射波波能加大,堤前波浪的反射系數(shù)增大,波浪爬高減少。
[Abstract]:In the coastal areas of China, seawalls are generally built to weaken the coastal areas from violent tides and large waves. With the progress of human society, in order to reduce the impact of large-scale wind and waves on the living environment of coastal residents, On the basis of the traditional seawall form, in recent years, countries have tried to study various kinds of new seawall structures in order to enhance the wave elimination effect of the seawall and reduce the engineering cost. At present, the class seawall has been used in the coastal areas. However, the wave characteristics in front of the stepped seawall and the effect of wave dissipation are not well studied. In this paper, the influence of the structural parameters of the stepped seawall on the wave characteristics in front of the seawall is studied by physical model test. The experiment was carried out in the two-dimensional wave tank of the Water Conservancy Laboratory of Guangxi University. The physical test model is designed according to the criterion of gravity similarity, and the geometric scale of the model is 1: 10. Five groups of test schemes are designed from two aspects of the slope and the step height of the seawall. Based on the measured data of large waves in coastal areas of China, six sets of incident conditions of large waves are designed. The wave height, wave reflection coefficient and current field in front of the embankment are measured in the experiment. The parameters such as wave climbing and pulsating pressure on the step surface under the action of wave. The variation of the current field in front of the embankment is obtained from the degree of wave blockage in front of the stepped seawall. The wave characteristics in front of the seawall are comprehensively analyzed and evaluated from four aspects: wave climbing and the vibration degree of the surface steps of the seawall. Based on the results of the physical model tests, the effects of the slope and the height of the seawall on the wave height in front of the seawall, the velocity in front of the breakwater, the wave climbing on the surface of the seawall and the pulsating pressure on the step of the seawall are analyzed. The conclusions are as follows: when the height of the seawall steps is constant, the slope of the seawall becomes slower, the wave height in front of the seawall increases, the velocity of velocity in front of the dike decreases, the wave climb weakens and the step vibration on the surface of the seawall decreases, that is, the slope of the stepped seawall becomes slower. The more safe and stable the seawall is, when the slope of the seawall is constant, with the increase of step height, the reflected wave energy increases, the reflection coefficient of the wave in front of the seawall increases, and the wave climb decreases.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TV139.25;U656.314

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