發(fā)布時間：2018-04-18 06:04

  本文選題：石煤 + 石墨��； 參考：《武漢工程大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：石墨具有優(yōu)異的性質(zhì)和廣泛的用途,隨著科技的進步,石墨材料已經(jīng)滲透到工業(yè)的各個應用領(lǐng)域。新型的高純石墨材料的開發(fā)應用與石墨深加工技術(shù)有很大前景,已經(jīng)作為新型產(chǎn)業(yè)廣泛應用于科技領(lǐng)域。本論文是橫向課題,主要目的是探索運用于生產(chǎn)實踐的最佳工藝。本文以湖北省十堰市竹溪縣某煤礦企業(yè)在開采過程中所采出的石煤資源為研究對象,以從石煤中提取出石墨方法為研究目標,探究了從石煤中提取石墨的工藝。檢測得出所用原礦固定碳含量為74.02%,該礦中的雜質(zhì)礦物相應有云母、石英、碳酸鈣等。本文經(jīng)過前期查閱大量文獻,比較分析石墨提純的五種方法,結(jié)合目前實驗過程中存在的問題,探究了堿酸法提取石墨工藝。從化學反應原理、以及熱力學和動力學的角度分析,堿熔焙燒工藝中,NaOH和雜質(zhì)反應為放熱反應,需要找到最優(yōu)溫度,解決反應速度與反應程度的矛盾,以實現(xiàn)提高石墨產(chǎn)品的純度和經(jīng)濟效益的平衡,并初步選定溫度在400-900℃之間。實驗以堿酸法作為提取石墨的研究方法,固定碳含量為工藝參數(shù),通過單因素實驗分析了篩網(wǎng)目數(shù)、NaOH投加量、焙燒溫度、焙燒時間、鹽酸濃度、鹽酸用量、酸浸時間等各個因素與石墨提取效果的相關(guān)性,最終確定整個實驗最佳的工藝組合條件為:選擇150~200目級別的原礦,NaOH/C的質(zhì)量比為3.8g/10g、堿熔焙燒溫度600℃、堿熔焙燒時間90min,鹽酸濃度8%、HCl/C的用量比為20ml/5g、酸浸溫度80℃、酸浸時間150min。在此工藝條件下樣品固定碳含量能夠從74.02%提升到90.43%。運用SEM、XRD、XPS和拉曼光譜分析等4種檢測方法,分析原礦和堿酸法純化后樣品的晶體結(jié)構(gòu)與元素成分,檢測結(jié)果表明,堿酸法提取石墨有很好的去雜效果,固定碳含量得到了提升,證實了從該石煤中提取石墨具有可行性。再根據(jù)石煤原礦企業(yè)的實際情況,結(jié)合堿酸法提取石墨工藝的生產(chǎn)成本,分析了工藝的實施能夠為企業(yè)帶來的經(jīng)濟效益、環(huán)境效益和社會效益。最后驗證了酸法提取石墨工藝實施的可行性,估算出該工藝的實施能夠為企業(yè)每年帶來327.6萬元的經(jīng)濟效益,達到高效利用資源的目的。
[Abstract]:Graphite has excellent properties and wide applications. With the development of science and technology, graphite material has penetrated into various application fields of industry.The development and application of new high purity graphite materials and graphite deep processing technology have great prospects and have been widely used in science and technology as a new industry.This paper is a horizontal subject, the main purpose is to explore the best process applied in production practice.In this paper, a coal mining enterprise in Zhuxi County, Shiyan City, Hubei Province, took the stone coal resources extracted from the mining process as the research object, aimed at extracting graphite from the stone coal, and explored the technology of extracting graphite from the stone coal.The fixed carbon content of the ore is 74.02, and the impurity minerals in the ore are mica, quartz, calcium carbonate and so on.In this paper, a large number of literatures were reviewed and five methods of graphite purification were compared and analyzed. Combined with the existing problems in the present experiment, the alkali acid method for graphite extraction was explored.From the point of view of chemical reaction principle, thermodynamics and kinetics, the reaction of NaOH and impurity in alkali melting roasting process is exothermic, so it is necessary to find the optimum temperature and solve the contradiction between reaction speed and reaction degree.In order to achieve the balance of improving the purity and economic benefit of graphite products, the temperature was preliminarily selected between 400 鈩，

本文編號：1767097