【摘要】：以甘蔗渣為原料,通過無廢酸的一步法、兩步法和三步法制備了蔗渣納米纖維素(BNC),并與酸解法進行對比.采用傅里葉紅外光譜(FTIR)、掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)、X射線衍射(XRD)和熱重分析(TGA)等手段表征了納米纖維素的光譜性質(zhì)、形貌結(jié)構(gòu)、結(jié)晶性能及熱穩(wěn)定性能.結(jié)果表明,4種方法處理后纖維形貌尺寸均可達到納米級別且在一定濃度的水溶液中均可形成類果凍狀的膠體,其中酸解法和三步法所制備的納米纖維素長徑比較小,形貌多為短棒狀,在水溶液中分散穩(wěn)定性較好,可穩(wěn)定懸浮超過30 d;一步法和兩步法所制備的納米纖維素長徑比較大,為類纖維狀結(jié)構(gòu),分散穩(wěn)定性相對較差,但也可穩(wěn)定懸浮至少5 d;一步法所制備的納米纖維素晶型為纖維素Ⅰ型和纖維素Ⅱ型的混合物,兩步法、三步法和酸解法處理后的纖維晶型沒有改變,仍然保持纖維素Ⅰ型.與酸解法相比,無廢酸法所制備的納米纖維素熱穩(wěn)定性更優(yōu),無廢酸法工藝簡單,反應條件溫和,而酸解法反應步驟繁復,會產(chǎn)生大量廢酸增加后續(xù)處理成本.
[Abstract]:Using bagasse as raw material, bagasse nano-cellulose (BNC), was prepared by one-step, two-step and three-step methods without waste acid and compared with acid hydrolysis. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR),) scanning electron microscope (SEM),) X-ray diffraction (XRD) (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to characterize the spectral properties morphology crystallization and thermal stability of nano-cellulose. The results showed that the morphology and size of the fibers were up to nano-scale and jelly-like colloids could be formed in a certain concentration of aqueous solution, in which the nano-cellulose prepared by acid hydrolysis and three-step method was smaller in length and diameter. The morphology is short rod shape, the dispersion stability in aqueous solution is good, and the suspension can be stable for more than 30 days. The nano-cellulose prepared by one-step method and two-step method is large in length and diameter, which is fibrous-like structure, and its dispersion stability is relatively poor, but it can also be suspended stably for at least 5 days. The crystal form of nano-cellulose prepared by one-step method is the mixture of cellulose type 鈪，

本文編號：2449639