【摘要】：隨著當(dāng)前環(huán)境保護(hù)工作重點(diǎn)逐漸從水、氣污染治理轉(zhuǎn)向危險(xiǎn)廢物環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防控,危險(xiǎn)廢物污染防治工作得到社會(huì)的關(guān)注和政府的重視,以及新疆工業(yè)化的快速發(fā)展,各種種類繁多、成分復(fù)雜、危害性高危險(xiǎn)廢物大量產(chǎn)生,危險(xiǎn)廢物環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、防治壓力大增,同時(shí)新疆危險(xiǎn)廢物污染防治工作水平落后、能力建設(shè)薄弱,急需系統(tǒng)的研究,全面掌握危險(xiǎn)廢物產(chǎn)生區(qū)域、行業(yè)、危險(xiǎn)廢物種類、重點(diǎn)企業(yè)、危險(xiǎn)廢物處置利用能力等污染防治現(xiàn)狀,研究制定出適合新疆的污染防治對(duì)策。本文通過(guò)研究,形成結(jié)論如下:(1)新疆“十二五”期間危險(xiǎn)廢物產(chǎn)生量呈下降趨勢(shì),總體處置率呈上升趨勢(shì),“十二五”期間全區(qū)工業(yè)危險(xiǎn)廢物產(chǎn)生共涉及最多達(dá)到858家企業(yè),危險(xiǎn)廢物產(chǎn)生種類達(dá)到全部49類危險(xiǎn)廢物中的29類,2010年-2014年危險(xiǎn)廢物產(chǎn)生量分別為66.48萬(wàn)噸、68.8萬(wàn)噸、34.06萬(wàn)噸、30.17萬(wàn)噸、47.18萬(wàn)噸,總體呈下降趨勢(shì)。(2)新疆危險(xiǎn)廢物主要集中在新疆工業(yè)發(fā)展水平高的克拉瑪依、烏魯木齊、巴州、阿克蘇地區(qū)、伊犁州、吐魯番地區(qū)等6個(gè)地州,全區(qū)產(chǎn)生量較小的地州為克州、博州、阿勒泰,為全區(qū)工業(yè)化水平較低的地區(qū),和田地區(qū)無(wú)工業(yè)源危險(xiǎn)廢物產(chǎn)生。危險(xiǎn)廢物產(chǎn)生量大的行業(yè)依次是石油和天然氣開(kāi)采業(yè)、石油加工、煉焦和核燃料加工業(yè)、有色金屬冶煉和壓延加工業(yè)、黑色金屬冶煉和壓延加工業(yè)、化學(xué)原料和化學(xué)制品制造業(yè)等5個(gè)行業(yè),產(chǎn)生量占全部的90%以上。危險(xiǎn)廢物產(chǎn)生量大的種類主要是HW35廢堿(石油化工)、廢礦物油(石油開(kāi)采、石油化工)、HW34廢酸(金屬冶煉)、蒸精餾殘?jiān)麳W11、HW42(化工行業(yè))等,與危險(xiǎn)廢物分布行業(yè)基本保持一致。目前新疆危險(xiǎn)廢物經(jīng)營(yíng)單位共能處置利用46種危險(xiǎn)廢物合計(jì)處置利用能力達(dá)到79萬(wàn)噸。其中HW08類合計(jì)60萬(wàn)多噸,是全疆危險(xiǎn)廢物處置利用能力最大的種類,其次是HW42類合計(jì)6.25萬(wàn)噸,HW35類合計(jì)2萬(wàn)噸,HW34類合計(jì)1.4萬(wàn)噸,HW06類合計(jì)1.2萬(wàn)噸,HW11類合計(jì)1萬(wàn)噸。(3)通過(guò)分析,新疆還存在危險(xiǎn)廢物處置利用率虛高,危險(xiǎn)廢物處置能力種類分布不均,呈現(xiàn)個(gè)別種類過(guò)剩和部分種類不足并存,危險(xiǎn)廢物綜合處置設(shè)施不能滿足當(dāng)前需要,危險(xiǎn)廢物監(jiān)管能力不足,危險(xiǎn)廢物家底掌握還不夠全面和準(zhǔn)確,危險(xiǎn)廢物管理能力與實(shí)際工作需求不匹配,危險(xiǎn)廢物環(huán)境管理工作處于環(huán)境保護(hù)工作的邊緣態(tài)勢(shì)未得到改善,現(xiàn)有法律法規(guī)落實(shí)不到位,缺乏符合實(shí)際的地方配套法律法規(guī)等問(wèn)題。(4)通過(guò)相關(guān)性分析,GDP與單位GDP危險(xiǎn)廢物產(chǎn)生量呈明顯負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系,即隨著國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,說(shuō)明經(jīng)濟(jì)水平的發(fā)展與危險(xiǎn)廢物產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)度有很大的關(guān)系GDP的增長(zhǎng),單位GDP危險(xiǎn)廢物產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)度降低。經(jīng)預(yù)測(cè)2015年-2020年危險(xiǎn)廢物產(chǎn)生量呈緩慢上升趨勢(shì)。(5)通過(guò)研究,通過(guò)加強(qiáng)危險(xiǎn)廢物污染源頭化控制,嚴(yán)格準(zhǔn)入,強(qiáng)化審核審批,加大落后產(chǎn)能淘汰,優(yōu)化工業(yè)布局,加快危險(xiǎn)廢物處置設(shè)施建設(shè),加強(qiáng)危險(xiǎn)廢物環(huán)境管理工作,完善基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)工作,加強(qiáng)固體廢物環(huán)境監(jiān)管力度,環(huán)境監(jiān)管能力建設(shè),機(jī)制體制完善,法律法規(guī)建設(shè)等對(duì)策能使新疆危險(xiǎn)廢物污染防治水平得到提高。
文內(nèi)圖片：
圖片說(shuō)明：“十二五”危險(xiǎn)廢物產(chǎn)生量變化趨勢(shì)圖
[Abstract]:With the focus of the current environmental protection work, the attention of the society and the attention of the government, as well as the rapid development of the industrialization of Xinjiang, are gradually changed from the water, the gas pollution control to the risk prevention and control of the environmental risk of the hazardous waste, the prevention and control of the pollution of the hazardous waste, and the rapid development of the industrialization of the Xinjiang, The hazardous and high hazardous waste production, the environmental risk of hazardous wastes and the pressure of the prevention and control of hazardous wastes are greatly increased. At the same time, the pollution prevention and control work of the hazardous waste in Xinjiang is backward, the ability to build is weak, the research of the system is urgently needed, the hazardous waste generation area, the industry and the hazardous waste are comprehensively mastered, The pollution prevention and control status of the key enterprises, hazardous waste disposal and utilization capability and other pollution prevention and control measures have been developed and the pollution prevention and control measures suitable for Xinjiang have been developed. The results are as follows: (1) The production of hazardous wastes in the "12th Five-Year" of Xinjiang is decreasing, the overall disposal rate is on the rise, and the total industrial hazardous waste in the whole area of the "12th Five-Year" has reached 858 enterprises. The types of hazardous wastes reach Class 29 in all 49 hazardous wastes. The production volume of hazardous wastes in 2010-2014 is 66.48 million tons, 68.8 million tons, 34.06 million tons, 30.17 million tons, 47.18 million tons, and the overall trend of decline. (2) The hazardous wastes in Xinjiang are mainly concentrated in six prefectures, such as the Karamay, Urumqi, Bazhou, Aksu, Ili and Turpan, which have a high level of industrial development in Xinjiang. In the region with lower industrial level of the whole region, no industrial source hazardous waste is produced in the Hetian region. The industry in which the production of hazardous wastes is large is in turn petroleum and natural gas production, petroleum processing, coking and nuclear fuel processing industry, non-ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry, ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry, chemical raw material and chemical product manufacturing industry. And the production amount accounts for more than 90 percent of all. The types of hazardous wastes are mainly HW35 waste alkali (petrochemical), waste mineral oil (petroleum exploitation, petrochemical industry), HW34 waste acid (metal smelting), steam distillation residue HW11, HW42 (chemical industry) and so on, and is basically consistent with the hazardous waste distribution industry. At present, the total disposal and utilization capacity of 46 kinds of hazardous wastes in Xinjiang's hazardous waste management unit can reach 79 million tons. Among them, the total number of HW08 is more than 600,000 tons, which is the largest category for the disposal and utilization of hazardous wastes in the whole region. The second is the total of 6.25 million tons of HW42, 20,000 tons of HW35, 1.4 million tons of HW34, 1.2 million tons of HW06 and 10,000 tons of HW11. (3) Through the analysis, there are also the waste disposal and utilization rate of hazardous wastes in Xinjiang, the distribution of the types of hazardous waste disposal capacity is not uniform, the surplus and partial types of hazardous wastes exist, and the comprehensive disposal facilities of the hazardous waste can not meet the current needs, and the supervision capacity of the hazardous wastes is not sufficient. The control of hazardous waste is not comprehensive and accurate, the management ability of hazardous wastes is not matched with the actual work demand, the environmental management of hazardous wastes is not improved, and the existing laws and regulations are not in place. The lack of practical local supporting laws and regulations and other issues. (4) According to the correlation analysis, the GDP is negatively correlated with the unit GDP hazardous waste production, that is, with the development of the national economy, the development of the economic level and the intensity of the hazardous waste production have a great relationship with the growth of GDP, and the production intensity of the unit GDP hazardous waste is reduced. It is predicted that the amount of hazardous waste in the period of 2015 to 2020 is slowly rising. (5) To improve the management of hazardous waste management and improve the statistical work of the basic data by strengthening the control of the pollution source of hazardous wastes, strictly controlling the access, strengthening the examination and approval, increasing the backward production capacity, optimizing the industrial layout, accelerating the construction of the hazardous waste disposal facilities, strengthening the management of the hazardous waste environment, and improving the statistical work of the basic data, The measures to strengthen the environmental supervision of solid waste, the construction of environmental supervision capacity, the perfection of the mechanism and the construction of laws and regulations can improve the level of pollution prevention and control of hazardous waste in Xinjiang.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X327

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 ;含鉻廢物污染防治應(yīng)加強(qiáng)[J];化工學(xué)報(bào);2003年09期

2 本刊編輯部;天津市出臺(tái)醫(yī)療廢物污染環(huán)境防治檢查規(guī)范 針對(duì)醫(yī)院上交醫(yī)療廢物少的問(wèn)題正研究解決方案[J];中國(guó)環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè);2004年S1期

3 賀;;危險(xiǎn)廢物污染防治需有強(qiáng)硬措施[J];環(huán)境污染與防治;2008年06期

4 ;我國(guó)危險(xiǎn)廢物污染防治“十二五”規(guī)劃出臺(tái)[J];大眾標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化;2012年11期

5 ;四川省危險(xiǎn)廢物污染環(huán)境防治辦法[J];四川政報(bào);2003年35期

6 王東方,韋進(jìn)寶;武漢市醫(yī)療廢物污染現(xiàn)狀及防治對(duì)策[J];環(huán)境科學(xué)與技術(shù);2002年05期

7 韓利琳;;關(guān)于電子廢物污染的法律責(zé)任分配[J];理論探索;2009年05期

8 員村;楊荷卿;;逐步消除工業(yè)廢物污染[J];環(huán)境與可持續(xù)發(fā)展;1981年07期

9 張曉東,李云燕,田貴全;山東省危險(xiǎn)廢物污染現(xiàn)狀與控制對(duì)策[J];環(huán)境科學(xué)動(dòng)態(tài);1999年04期

10 ;危險(xiǎn)廢物經(jīng)營(yíng)許可證管理辦法[J];安全、健康和環(huán)境;2004年08期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前5條

1 梁競(jìng);;北京市危險(xiǎn)廢物污染防治立法現(xiàn)狀及缺失分析[A];2013中國(guó)環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)會(huì)學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)論文集（第五卷）[C];2013年

2 李彬;張立慶;;深圳市醫(yī)療危險(xiǎn)廢物污染現(xiàn)狀及防治對(duì)策[A];西部大開(kāi)發(fā) 科教先行與可持續(xù)發(fā)展——中國(guó)科協(xié)2000年學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)文集[C];2000年

3 蔡浩洋;周彤;;大連市醫(yī)療廢物污染現(xiàn)狀及防治對(duì)策[A];中國(guó)環(huán)境保護(hù)優(yōu)秀論文集（2005）（下冊(cè)）[C];2005年

4 祝端峰;;有害危險(xiǎn)廢物污染防治的規(guī)范化管理與社會(huì)化專業(yè)運(yùn)營(yíng)[A];第二屆環(huán)境保護(hù)市場(chǎng)化暨資本運(yùn)營(yíng)與環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展高級(jí)研討會(huì)論文匯編[C];2001年

5 鄭洋;孫紹鋒;;關(guān)于用綜合集成思想和方法編制危險(xiǎn)廢物污染防治“十二五”專項(xiàng)規(guī)劃的思考[A];2010中國(guó)環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)會(huì)學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)論文集(第一卷)[C];2010年

相關(guān)重要報(bào)紙文章 前10條

1 記者 謝文君;沈陽(yáng)立法防治危險(xiǎn)廢物污染環(huán)境[N];遼寧日?qǐng)?bào);2008年

2 ;新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)危險(xiǎn)廢物污染環(huán)境防治辦法[N];新疆日?qǐng)?bào)(漢);2010年

3 記者麗月、方云靜;《自治區(qū)危險(xiǎn)廢物污染環(huán)境防治辦法》5月1日起施行[N];新疆日?qǐng)?bào)(漢);2010年

4 記者 王婭莉;我國(guó)危險(xiǎn)廢物污染防治“十二五”規(guī)劃出臺(tái)[N];中國(guó)質(zhì)量報(bào);2012年

5 記者 張遠(yuǎn)銘　通訊員 粵環(huán)宣;危險(xiǎn)廢物污染防治仍很薄弱[N];廣東建設(shè)報(bào);2013年

6 周和毅;凡彬程;江城危險(xiǎn)廢物污染防治有法可依[N];中國(guó)化工報(bào);2003年

7 ;沈陽(yáng)市危險(xiǎn)廢物污染環(huán)境防治條例[N];沈陽(yáng)日?qǐng)?bào);2008年

8 ;沈陽(yáng)市危險(xiǎn)廢物污染環(huán)境防治條例[N];沈陽(yáng)日?qǐng)?bào);2008年

9 ;昆明市危險(xiǎn)廢物污染防治辦法[N];昆明日?qǐng)?bào);2009年

10 記者崔國(guó)璽;沈陽(yáng)引入保險(xiǎn)機(jī)制防治危險(xiǎn)廢物污染[N];中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)導(dǎo)報(bào);2008年

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 李宇斌;遼寧省危險(xiǎn)廢物污染的環(huán)境影響與預(yù)警系統(tǒng)研究[D];東北大學(xué);2006年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 殷小煒;新疆工業(yè)危險(xiǎn)廢物污染防治現(xiàn)狀分析與對(duì)策研究[D];新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2015年

2 張清香;陜西省危險(xiǎn)廢物污染防治現(xiàn)狀分析與對(duì)策研究[D];長(zhǎng)安大學(xué);2014年

，

本文編號(hào)：2509986