【摘要】：以丹江口庫區(qū)胡家山流域?yàn)檠芯繀^(qū)域,分析了溪流枯、豐水期的水質(zhì)變化特征,結(jié)合流域和河岸緩沖帶景觀類型及其格局,運(yùn)用Spearman秩相關(guān)分析篩選了影響溪流水質(zhì)的景觀指數(shù),利用逐步回歸和冗余排序法定量描述景觀格局與溪流水質(zhì)的耦合關(guān)系.結(jié)果表明:溪流水質(zhì)指標(biāo)中氨氮和總磷濃度時(shí)空變化較大,其標(biāo)準(zhǔn)變異系數(shù)范圍分別為69.8%~207.6%和52.0%~146.1%.景觀類型中耕地和居民地是溪流水體污染的重要來源,兩者在100m河岸緩沖帶尺度上對(duì)氨氮的解釋程度為58.6%,高于流域尺度;景觀格局指數(shù)中蔓延度、林地和居民地斑塊密度、林地和居民地最大斑塊指數(shù)以及林地和耕地聚集度指數(shù)等顯著影響溪流水質(zhì)(P0.05),流域尺度上各景觀類型的景觀指數(shù)對(duì)總氮和總磷的解釋程度分別介于71.1%~81.6%和74.5%~83.8%,均高于100m河岸緩沖帶尺度,其中蔓延度對(duì)總氮和總磷均有顯著影響(P0.05).無顯著因子進(jìn)入高錳酸鹽指數(shù)模型中,其濃度變化是各景觀指數(shù)共同作用的結(jié)果.此外,景觀格局季節(jié)變化也顯著影響溪流水質(zhì).枯水期景觀指數(shù)能夠更好的解釋總氮和總磷變化,而豐水期對(duì)氨氮的解釋程度要好于枯水期.
[Abstract]:Taking the Hujiashan watershed of Danjiangkou reservoir area as the study area, the characteristics of water quality change in the dry and high water periods of the stream were analyzed. The landscape index of the stream water quality was selected by using Spearman rank correlation analysis, combined with the landscape types and patterns of the river basin and riparian buffer zone. The coupling relationship between landscape pattern and stream water quality was described by stepwise regression and redundant sequencing method. The results showed that the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in the water quality index of streams varied greatly in time and space, the standard coefficient of variation was 69.8% and 52.0% and 146.1%, respectively. Cultivated land and inhabitant land are the important sources of stream water pollution in landscape type. The interpretation of ammonia nitrogen in 100m riparian buffer zone is 58.6, which is higher than that in watershed scale, and the degree of spread in landscape pattern index, the density of forest land and the patch of resident land. The maximum patch index of woodland and residential land and the index of forest land and cultivated land aggregation significantly affected the water quality of streams (P0.05). The interpretation of total nitrogen and total phosphorus by landscape index of each landscape type on watershed scale ranged from 71.1% to 81.6% and 74.5% to 83.8%, respectively, which was higher than that of the others. 100m riparian buffer zone scale, There was significant effect on total nitrogen and total phosphorus (P0.05). There was no significant factor in the permanganate index model, and the change of the concentration was the result of the interaction of the landscape indices. In addition, the seasonal variation of landscape pattern also significantly affected the water quality of streams. Landscape index can better explain the change of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in dry season, but the interpretation of ammonia nitrogen in high water season is better than that in dry season.
【作者單位】： 華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)資源與環(huán)境學(xué)院;長江水資源保護(hù)科學(xué)研究所;
【分類號(hào)】：X53

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