本文選題：活性污泥 + 馴化　； 參考：《濟(jì)南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：聚羥基脂肪酸酯(PHA)是一種有廣闊前景的生物可降解塑料,在“白色污染”日益加劇和廢水處理成本不斷提高的今天,研究利用活性污泥和廢水生產(chǎn)PHA,具有非常重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義和研究?jī)r(jià)值。本文利用環(huán)氧丙烷皂化廢水馴化活性污泥合成PHA,實(shí)驗(yàn)證明環(huán)氧丙烷皂化廢水的活性污泥菌群能夠合成PHA,并鑒定PHA主要單體為3-羥基丁酸(3HB)和3-羥基戊酸(3HV),且兩者比例約為10:3。但發(fā)現(xiàn)活性污泥中的PHA成分僅占污泥干重的0.0350%,為進(jìn)一步提高活性污泥產(chǎn)量,本文設(shè)計(jì)了通過(guò)活性污泥馴化的方法。組裝馴化SBR設(shè)備,并成功運(yùn)用在探究外加碳源過(guò)程中,分批小試分別添加乙酸、丙酸和丁酸為碳源,各碳源產(chǎn)率最大值分別為0.745g/L,0.462g/L,0.525g/L,發(fā)現(xiàn)添加乙酸結(jié)果最佳,選取乙酸為最終馴化的外加碳源。確定乙酸的液相檢測(cè)方法,并繪制相應(yīng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)曲線。連續(xù)馴化過(guò)程周期共37天,在每個(gè)周期投加由乙酸和皂化廢水配置的培養(yǎng)基,定期間隔取樣,并在典型周期內(nèi)進(jìn)行連續(xù)取樣。通過(guò)活性污泥微生物馴化,PHA的產(chǎn)率最大可達(dá)到污泥干重的23.67%,較馴化前0.0350%有較大提高。通過(guò)對(duì)典型馴化周期內(nèi)各參數(shù)監(jiān)測(cè),PHA的單體成分以3HV為主,3HV:3HB比例約為19:1,較馴化前有顯著提高,說(shuō)明添加碳源對(duì)PHA單體組成有重要影響;同時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)典型周期內(nèi)的COD、乙酸均呈下降趨勢(shì)。本文通過(guò)在皂化廢水中添加乙酸馴化產(chǎn)PHA,為利用污泥水解酸化產(chǎn)物合成PHA奠定了研究基礎(chǔ)。為探究馴化使PHA產(chǎn)量增加的內(nèi)在機(jī)制,本文進(jìn)行了馴化前后污泥樣本的生態(tài)學(xué)分析,發(fā)掘其中可能的PHA生產(chǎn)優(yōu)勢(shì)菌屬。門水平分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)變形菌門在馴化前后都是活性污泥群落的優(yōu)勢(shì)微生物,并且該種群的比例在馴化后提高了5.73%;厚壁菌門的比例由1.90%提高到10.58%,很可能該門中的微生物與PHA合成有緊密聯(lián)系。屬水平分析,紅桿菌屬(Rhodobacteraceae)馴化后其比例增長(zhǎng)了12.52%,占菌落總數(shù)的27.33%;芽孢桿菌屬(Bacillus)馴化后其數(shù)量增長(zhǎng)了9.43%,占菌落總數(shù)的9.61%;馴化前后根瘤菌屬(Rhizobium sp.)比例基本維持在2.50%左右;這些屬的微生物可能具有合成PHA的能力。未來(lái)深入研究PO皂化廢水活性污泥利用污泥水解酸化產(chǎn)物合成PHA,將為綜合利用工業(yè)廢水剩余污泥開(kāi)辟一條新的途徑。
[Abstract]:Polyhydroxyfatty acid ester (PHA) is a kind of biodegradable plastics with broad prospects. Today, "white pollution" is increasing and the cost of wastewater treatment is increasing. It is of great practical significance and research value to study the production of PHA from activated sludge and wastewater. PHAs were synthesized from activated sludge acclimated from propylene oxide saponification wastewater. The results showed that the activated sludge flora of propylene oxide saponification wastewater could synthesize PHA, and the main monomers of PHA were identified as 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HBb) and 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HVH), and the ratio of the two was about 10: 3:. However, the PHA in activated sludge is only 0.0350% of the dry weight of sludge. In order to further increase the production of activated sludge, a method of acclimation by activated sludge is designed. The SBR equipment was assembled and domesticated, and successfully used in the process of exploring external carbon sources. Acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid were added as carbon sources respectively in small batches. The maximum yield of each carbon source was 0.745 g / L 0.462g / L ~ (-1) 0. 525g / L respectively. The results of adding acetic acid were found to be the best. Acetic acid was selected as the final domesticated carbon source. The liquid phase detection method of acetic acid was determined and the corresponding standard curve was drawn. The period of continuous acclimation was 37 days. Each cycle was supplemented with acetic acid and saponification wastewater, and samples were sampled periodically and continuously during typical periods. The maximum yield of PHA through microbial acclimation of activated sludge can reach 23.67% of the dry weight of sludge, which is higher than that of 0.0350% before acclimation. The ratio of 3HV to 3HV3HB was 19: 1, which was significantly higher than that before acclimation, indicating that the addition of carbon source had an important effect on the composition of PHA monomer. At the same time, there was a decreasing trend of acetic acid in the typical cycle. In this paper, acetic acid was added to the saponification wastewater to produce PHAs, which laid a foundation for the synthesis of PHA from sludge hydrolytic acidification products. In order to explore the internal mechanism of PHA production increase after acclimation, the ecological analysis of sludge samples before and after acclimation was carried out to find out the possible dominant genus of PHA production. Gate level analysis showed that Proteus was the dominant microorganism in activated sludge community before and after acclimation. The proportion of this population increased by 5.73% after acclimation, and the proportion of phylum thuringiensis increased from 1.90% to 10.58%. It is very likely that the microbes in the phylum are closely related to the synthesis of PHA. The proportion of Rhodobacteraceae increased 12.52%, accounting for 27.33% of the total number of colonies after acclimation. After acclimation, the number of Rhodobacteraceae increased 9.43%, accounting for 9.61% of the total number of colonies, and Rhizobium sp.before and after acclimation.) The ratio is about 2.50%, and the microbes of these genera may have the ability to synthesize PHA. In the future, the synthesis of PHAs from activated sludge of PO saponification wastewater by hydrolysis and acidification of sludge will open up a new way for comprehensive utilization of surplus sludge from industrial wastewater.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：濟(jì)南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X703

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