本文選題：醴陵潘家沖 + 鉛鋅礦��； 參考：《湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：為滿足經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的需要,礦山開采的規(guī)模、速度等相比過去都有較大幅度的提升,人們在享受能源資源所帶來的經(jīng)濟效益的同時,逐漸認識到其對環(huán)境所造成的破壞,為降低礦山開采活動對環(huán)境的破壞和對人類生命健康的威脅,本文以潘家鉛鋅礦尾礦庫為研究對象,在查閱大量相關(guān)文獻和對當?shù)厝藗冏咴L調(diào)查的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合個人專業(yè)知識,以醴陵市潘家沖鉛鋅礦尾礦庫為研究對象,進行野外勘察、樣本采集、室內(nèi)分析,對其污染規(guī)律進行綜合分析,同時利用潛在生態(tài)風險指示法、單因子指數(shù)評價法、內(nèi)梅羅污染指數(shù)法、地累積指數(shù)法等對其進行多因子分析評價,得出以下結(jié)論：(1)醴陵市潘家鉛鋅礦尾礦庫周圍土壤中鉛、鋅、錫的重金屬含量均超出湖南省土壤背景,已顯著富集,而相對汞、砷、鎘重金屬含量較少,這說明此鉛鋅礦尾礦庫已經(jīng)對其周圍土壤構(gòu)成了一定程度的重金屬污染,應引起足夠的重視。(2)醴陵市潘家鉛鋅礦尾礦庫地下水體、下游河流中雖檢測出一定的重金屬成份,但并沒有明顯超出湖南省水質(zhì)標準,所以現(xiàn)階段尾礦庫并未對其周圍水環(huán)境構(gòu)成嚴重的破壞,但針對性的防治仍要引起重視。(3)醴陵市潘家鉛鋅礦尾礦庫周圍粉塵天氣發(fā)生概率雖有所提升,但仍在合理范圍內(nèi),這與對其周圍居民的隨機走訪調(diào)查結(jié)果一致,這說明尾礦庫現(xiàn)階段已經(jīng)引起其周圍大氣的變化,但程度并不強烈,有效的防治效果仍然會較理想。(4)醴陵市潘家鉛鋅礦尾礦庫周圍輻射檢查結(jié)果證明,現(xiàn)階段尾礦庫及其周圍的輻射污染并不明顯,所以在針對性的防治過程中可適當將其相關(guān)措施延后或力度縮減,但并不能放棄對其進行有計劃的檢測。(5)在綜合各項檢查結(jié)果后,可以判定醴陵市潘家鉛鋅礦尾礦庫重金屬含量明顯高于復墾區(qū)和外圍區(qū),進行綜合評價后發(fā)現(xiàn)醴陵市潘家鉛鋅礦尾礦庫土壤、水體、空氣環(huán)境受重金屬污染相對較嚴重,輻射污染相對不明顯,在此基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合其土壤中錫、鋅、鉛含量過高,空氣受粉塵影響最為突出,水體受污染物滲透影響最為強烈等環(huán)境污染特征和規(guī)律,分別針對醴陵市潘家鉛鋅礦尾礦庫土壤、水體、粉塵、固體廢棄物方面,提出醴陵市潘家鉛鋅礦尾礦庫環(huán)境治理和改善的具體對策。
[Abstract]:In order to meet the needs of economic development, the scale and speed of mining have been greatly increased compared with the past. People, while enjoying the economic benefits of energy resources, gradually realize the damage to the environment. In order to reduce the damage to the environment and the threat to human life and health caused by mining activities, this paper takes the tailings of Panjia lead-zinc mine as the research object, on the basis of consulting a large number of relevant documents and visiting local people, combining with personal professional knowledge. Taking the tailings of Panjiachong lead and zinc mine in Liling city as the research object, the field investigation, sample collection, indoor analysis, comprehensive analysis of its pollution law, and the use of potential ecological risk indication method, single factor index evaluation method, Nemero pollution index method and ground accumulation index method were used to evaluate the content of lead, zinc and tin in the soil around the tailings of Panjia lead and zinc mine in Liling. The contents of heavy metals in the tailings of the lead-zinc mine have been polluted to some extent by the relative mercury, arsenic and cadmium. The underground water body of the tailings of Panjia lead and zinc mine in Liling city should be paid enough attention to. Although some heavy metals were detected in the downstream rivers, they did not exceed the water quality standard of Hunan Province. So at this stage, the tailings reservoir has not caused serious damage to its surrounding water environment, but the targeted prevention and control should still attract attention.) although the probability of dust weather around the tailings reservoir of Panjia lead and Zinc Mine in Liling City has been improved, it is still within a reasonable range. This is consistent with the results of a random visit to its surrounding residents, which indicates that the tailings reservoir has caused changes in its ambient atmosphere at this stage, but to a lesser extent. The results of radiation inspection around the tailings of Panjia lead-zinc mine in Liling City prove that the radiation pollution of the tailings reservoir and its surroundings is not obvious at this stage. Therefore, in the process of targeted prevention and treatment, the relevant measures can be appropriately postponed or reduced, but we cannot abandon the planned testing. 5) after synthesizing the results of various inspections, It can be concluded that the heavy metal content in the tailings of Panjia lead and zinc mine in Liling city is obviously higher than that in the reclamation area and the peripheral areas. After comprehensive evaluation, it is found that the soil, water body and air environment of Panjia lead and zinc mine tailings in Liling City are relatively seriously polluted by heavy metals. The radiation pollution is relatively insignificant. On the basis of this, the environmental pollution characteristics and laws are combined with the excessive content of tin, zinc and lead in the soil, the most prominent influence on air by dust, and the strongest influence on water body by pollutants infiltration, etc. Aiming at the soil, water, dust and solid waste of the tailings of Panjia lead and zinc mine in Liling city, this paper puts forward the concrete countermeasures for environmental control and improvement of the tailings reservoir of Panjia lead and zinc mine in Liling city.
【學位授予單位】：湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X753;TD926.4

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