本文選題：生態(tài)現(xiàn)狀評價 + 農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)環(huán)境評價　； 參考：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：依據(jù)陜西省發(fā)展和改革委員會2008年2月29日《關(guān)于楊凌示范區(qū)集中供熱熱源工程建設(shè)的復(fù)函》精神,擬建設(shè)楊凌熱電廠(2×330MW)熱電工程項目。工程項目的建設(shè)落成,將在一定程度上利于緩解楊凌示范區(qū)企業(yè)和居民所需的熱和電的供需矛盾,有利于改善楊凌及周邊地區(qū)環(huán)境,能有效的改善“小鍋爐”普遍存在的現(xiàn)象。本文通過對楊凌熱電廠(2×330MW)熱電工程項目影響區(qū)(即楊凌示范區(qū))的了解和掌握,用層次分析法、專家定性分析法和模糊綜合評價模型,對楊凌示范區(qū)城市和農(nóng)業(yè)實際情況進行了解,開展對其城市和農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)環(huán)境的現(xiàn)狀評價,再將評價結(jié)果結(jié)合工程項目進行分析,并通過遙感圖像將項目影響區(qū)域內(nèi)敏感目標選定,開展工程項目所產(chǎn)生的污染物氣體(SO2、F化物、NO2)、煙塵、廢水、灰場和煤場的揚塵等對影響區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)的影響和預(yù)測評價,最后提出了一些生態(tài)防護和監(jiān)測方案。分析結(jié)果顯示:(1)評價區(qū)的城市生態(tài)現(xiàn)狀評價。通過選取城市結(jié)構(gòu)、城市功能和城市協(xié)調(diào)性三大一級指標31個小指標建立城市生態(tài)環(huán)境評價體系,運用生態(tài)化指數(shù)各級指標計算公式算出評價區(qū)城市生態(tài)綜合指數(shù)為0.5903,生態(tài)化程度較高,但較之與2002年相比略有下降。(2)評價區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)現(xiàn)狀進行評價。通過選取農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)自然環(huán)境系統(tǒng)、農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)投入系統(tǒng)和環(huán)境響應(yīng)系統(tǒng)三大一級指標18個小指標建立農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)環(huán)境評價體系,用模糊評價模型計算得出評價區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)環(huán)境質(zhì)量得分為7.2385,屬于較優(yōu)。(3)本文結(jié)合國家執(zhí)行的大氣環(huán)境標準和火電廠大氣污染物排放標準,對項目建成后可能造成的二氧化硫、氟化物和二氧化氮等污染物氣體以及煙塵、廢水、灰場和煤場的揚塵對敏感目標的影響進行預(yù)測。結(jié)果表明:a.SO2在距離工程煙囪出119m的地方長期濃度達到最大值0.05mg/m3,能滿足敏感作物的生長限度,不會受其影響;b.工程采用靜電除塵技術(shù)后對氟化物有吸附作用,可以滿足氟化物敏感作物的日平均濃度限值:5.0?g/dm2·d,對氟化物敏感作物的正常生長不會造成影響;c.工程采用的石灰石-石膏濕法煙氣脫硫系統(tǒng)、電袋復(fù)合除塵器、低NOX燃燒技術(shù)和SCR脫硝技術(shù)后,煙塵、NO2的排放濃度能完全不影響敏感作物的生長;d.工程產(chǎn)生的廢水將含鹽量較高的部分和生活污水排入城市管網(wǎng),不外排;e.灰場的地址選取不會對地下水構(gòu)成影響,且有相應(yīng)的管理措施,不會造成揚塵。
[Abstract]:According to the spirit of Shaanxi Provincial Development and Reform Commission on the Construction of Central heating and Heat Source Project in Yang Ling demonstration area on February 29, 2008, it is proposed to build a 2 脳 330MW thermoelectric power plant project of Yang Ling Thermal Power Plant.The completion of the project will to a certain extent help to alleviate the contradiction between heat and electricity supply and demand for enterprises and residents in Yang Ling demonstration area, to improve the environment of Yang Ling and its surrounding areas, and to effectively improve the widespread phenomenon of "small boilers".In this paper, through the understanding and mastering of the influence area of the thermoelectric engineering project of Yang Ling 2 脳 330MW, which is the Yang Ling demonstration area, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), the expert qualitative analysis method and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model are used.To understand the actual situation of cities and agriculture in Yang Ling demonstration area, to carry out an evaluation of the present situation of their cities and agricultural ecological environment, and then to analyze the results of the evaluation combined with the engineering projects.Through remote sensing images, the sensitive targets in the area affected by the project are selected, and the impact and prediction evaluation of pollutants produced by the project, such as no _ 2, soot, waste water, dust from ash yard and coal yard, on the agricultural ecology of the affected area, are carried out.Finally, some ecological protection and monitoring schemes are put forward.The results show that the urban ecological status of the evaluation area is evaluated.The evaluation system of urban ecological environment is established by selecting 31 small indexes of urban structure, urban function and urban coordination.The comprehensive index of urban ecology in the evaluation area is 0.5903, which is higher than that of 2002, but it is a little lower than that of 2002, and the present situation of agricultural ecology in the evaluation area is evaluated.By selecting agricultural eco-natural environment system, agricultural production input system and environmental response system, the evaluation system of agro-ecological environment is established.By using fuzzy evaluation model, the evaluation area's agricultural ecological environment quality score is 7.2385, which belongs to the better. 3) this paper combines the national standard of atmospheric environment and the emission standard of atmospheric pollutants of thermal power plant, which may result in sulfur dioxide after the completion of the project.The influence of pollutants, such as fluoride and nitrogen dioxide, and soot, waste water, ash and coal fields on sensitive targets was predicted.The results showed that the long term concentration of w. A. SO2 reached a maximum value of 0. 05 mg / m ~ 3 at 119m from the chimney of the project, which could satisfy the growth limit of sensitive crops and would not be affected by it.By using electrostatic dusting technology, fluoride can be adsorbed in the engineering, which can satisfy the daily average concentration limit of fluoride sensitive crops: 5.0 g / dm2, and will not affect the normal growth of fluoride sensitive crops.The limestone gypsum wet flue gas desulphurization system, electric bag composite dust collector, low NOX combustion technology and SCR denitrification technology are adopted in the project. The emission concentration of no _ 2 from fume can not affect the growth of sensitive crops completely.The waste water produced by the project will be discharged into the urban pipe network with high salt content and domestic sewage.The site selection of the ash farm will not affect the groundwater, and the corresponding management measures will not cause dust.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X82

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