本文關鍵詞： 豆制品廢水 大豆乳清蛋白 大豆異黃酮 大豆低聚糖　出處：《河南工業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：為實現(xiàn)豆制品廢水的綜合利用,提高大豆資源的利用率、延長傳統(tǒng)豆制品生產的產業(yè)鏈并減少高濃度有機廢水的排放,本文對鹵水豆腐壓濾所產生的大豆黃漿水中的三種功能性成分(大豆乳清蛋白、大豆異黃酮和大豆低聚糖)進行了分離和純化,并對分離純化工藝進行了研究。以蛋白質回收率、總糖透過率、異黃酮透過率和超濾膜通量為評價指標,采用絮凝-超濾聯(lián)用的技術初步分離廢水中的蛋白質、低聚糖和異黃酮處理廢水。最佳試驗條件為:通過0.3mg/mL殼聚糖對廢水進行絮凝試驗,并采用10kDa的聚醚砜膜進行超濾處理,蛋白質回收率達到76.1%,總糖透過率達到76.0%,異黃酮夠過率達到77.2%,平均膜通量18.9L/m2·h-20L/m2·h。絮凝-超濾后蛋白質含量為50.7%,通過堿溶酸沉法純化蛋白質粗品,以堿溶pH、料液比、提取時間、提取溫度和酸沉pH為指標優(yōu)化蛋白質純化工藝。試驗得到最佳純化工藝為:堿溶pH 9.0,料液比1:20,提取溫度40℃,提取時間1.5h,酸沉pH為3.7,10000r/min離心蛋白質沉淀率達到89.8%。蛋白質得率為75.5%,純化后蛋白質純度達到90.5%,灰分3.76%。使用乙酸乙酯萃取法和大孔樹脂吸附法提取豆制品廢水中的大豆異黃酮,綜合考慮提取率、解吸率、操作周期和處理量等因素。得到最佳提取工藝為:使用AB-8樹脂進行動態(tài)吸附,在ф16×150mm層析柱中填裝樹脂高度100mm,以1.2mL/min的流速上樣180mL,提取率為69.7%;洗脫流速0.6mL/min,依次經10%乙醇洗脫1BV,40%乙醇洗脫1BV,80%乙醇洗脫2BV,收集40%乙醇和80%乙醇洗脫液,得到大豆異黃酮洗脫率為85.5%,大豆異黃酮總回收率為59.6%。大豆異黃酮粗提物純度為22.4%。以丙酮提取和乙醇重結晶的方法純化大豆異黃酮粗提物,得到純化大豆異黃酮最佳工藝:取5g大豆異黃酮粗提物,每次加入200mL丙酮于丙酮沸點(55℃)提取1h,提取4次后大豆異黃酮提取率達到92.6%;使用無水乙醇對大豆異黃酮進行重結晶,所得結晶中大豆異黃酮純度達到89.2%,回收率為26.1%。以大孔樹脂和活性炭為脫色劑,以總糖回收率和脫色率為指標,優(yōu)化經超濾除蛋白后廢水的脫色工藝。所得脫色最佳工藝為:使用AB-8樹脂進行脫色,柱形選用直徑16mm玻璃柱,填裝高度100mm,樹脂床體積20.1mL,上樣速度1.2mL/min,上樣180mL(8.96BV),脫色率達到83.8%,總糖保留率達到79.0%。對比陰陽離子交換樹脂串聯(lián)法脫鹽和混合床脫鹽工藝,以脫鹽率和總糖保留率為指標,得到最佳脫鹽工藝為:使用混合床法對脫色后廢水進行脫鹽處理,選擇直徑20mm的玻璃柱,填裝高度為100mm,混合床體積31.4mL陰陽離子交換樹脂比例為2:1,以3mL/min的流速將廢水上樣120mL(3.82BV)的條件下,脫鹽率達到96.3%,總糖保留率61.1%。
[Abstract]:In order to realize the comprehensive utilization of soybean products wastewater, improve the utilization rate of soybean resources, prolong the industrial chain of traditional soybean products production and reduce the discharge of high concentration organic wastewater. In this paper, three functional components (soybean whey protein, soybean isoflavone and soybean oligosaccharide) from soybean yellow slurry produced by Marinated Tofu pressure filtration were isolated and purified. The protein recovery, total sugar transmittance, isoflavone transmissivity and ultrafiltration membrane flux were taken as the evaluation indexes, and the flocculation-ultrafiltration technique was used to preliminarily separate the protein from wastewater. The optimum conditions were as follows: flocculation of wastewater was carried out by 0.3 mg / mL chitosan and ultrafiltration was carried out with 10 kDa polyethersulfone membrane. The recovery of protein reached 76. 1%, total sugar transmittance reached 76. 0 and isoflavone content reached 77.2%. The average membrane flux was 18.9 L / m 2 路h-20 L 路m 2 路h. The protein content after flocculation-ultrafiltration was 50.7. The crude protein was purified by alkaline acid precipitation. The extraction time, extraction temperature and acid precipitation pH were used to optimize the purification process of protein. The optimum purification process was obtained as follows: alkali solution pH 9.0, ratio of material to liquid 1: 20, extraction temperature 40 鈩，

本文編號：1462881