【摘要】：含油廢水作為一種常見(jiàn)的污染源,其對(duì)環(huán)境保護(hù)和生態(tài)平衡危害極大,因此含油廢水的油水分離十分重要。與傳統(tǒng)的分離技術(shù)相比膜分離技術(shù)具有應(yīng)用范圍廣、針對(duì)性強(qiáng)等優(yōu)點(diǎn),已被廣泛應(yīng)用于實(shí)際生產(chǎn)中。但是常見(jiàn)的親水性超濾膜在使用過(guò)程中往往存在分離性能有限抗污染性能差的缺點(diǎn),因此本文采用原子轉(zhuǎn)移自由基聚合方法(ATRP)合成鏈段長(zhǎng)度可控的親水性改性聚合物F127-b-PHEMA,并利用浸沒(méi)沉淀相轉(zhuǎn)化法制備F127/PES超濾膜和F127-b-PHEMA/PES親水改性超濾膜以提高分離及抗污染性能。本文主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:(1)以F127(PEO100-PP065-PEO100)為添加劑、DMAC(二甲基乙酰胺)為溶劑與PES(聚醚砜)共混,隨著兩性共聚物F127加入量的增多,鑄膜液的粘度增加,成膜更容易,制成的F127/PES膜的接觸角下降,親水性增強(qiáng),且分離性能和抗污染性能均有所提升。通過(guò)對(duì)F127/PES膜分離性能和抗污染性能的研究,確定制備F127/PES共混超濾膜的最佳工藝參數(shù)為:PES/DMAC質(zhì)量配比15%、F127含量2%、攪拌時(shí)間24h、攪拌溫度40℃、凝固浴溫度20℃,所制得的F127/PES膜表面光滑,形成的膜孔分布均勻,孔隙率由未改性膜的76.5%提升為82.7%,接觸角由83.42°降為72.25°,純水通量由未改性膜的75.L/m2·h提高至106.5 L/m2·h,油水通量由35.6 L/m2·h提升為47.3 L/m2·h,通量恢復(fù)率由51.3%提升為77.8%。(2)采用ATRP方法以F127與HEMA(甲基丙烯酸羥乙酯)合成鏈段長(zhǎng)度可控的親水性改性聚合物F127-b-PHEMA,并以此為添加劑制備F127-b-PHEMA/PES膜,隨著改性物質(zhì)F127-b-PHEMA加入量的增多,所制備膜的接觸角、親水性、分離性能抗污染性能和機(jī)械性能均大幅提升。但當(dāng)添加劑含量過(guò)多時(shí),膜表面孔徑過(guò)大,致使油滴進(jìn)入膜孔堵塞孔道,造成分離性能和恢復(fù)率的下降�？偟膩�(lái)說(shuō),F127-b-PHEMA的含量為3%時(shí),孔隙率增大為90.4%、接觸角為62.14°、純水通量達(dá)139.6L/m2·h、油水通量為78.1L/m2·h、通量恢復(fù)率為89.4%、膜的拉伸強(qiáng)度達(dá)到了 80.2%,其性能指標(biāo)均較F127/PES有所提升,適宜應(yīng)用于含油廢水的膜分離。
[Abstract]:As a common source of pollution, oily wastewater has great harm to environmental protection and ecological balance, so it is very important to separate oil and water from oily wastewater. Compared with the traditional separation technology, membrane separation technology has been widely used in practical production because of its wide application range and strong pertinence. However, the common hydrophilic ultrafiltration membranes often have the disadvantages of poor separation performance and poor antifouling performance. In this paper, a novel hydrophilic modified polymer, F127-b-PHEMA, was synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). F127/PES ultrafiltration membrane and F127-b-PHEMA/PES hydrophilic modified ultrafiltration membrane were prepared by immersion precipitation phase inversion method to improve separation and anti-pollution performance. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the blend of, DMAC (dimethyl acetamide with F127 (PEO100-PP065-PEO100) as solvent and PES (polyethersulfone). With the increase of the amount of amphoteric copolymer F127, the viscosity of casting solution increases. It is easier to form film, the contact angle of the F127/PES membrane is decreased, the hydrophilicity is enhanced, and the separation performance and anti-pollution performance are improved. Through the study of the separation and antifouling properties of F127/PES membrane, the optimum technological parameters for preparing F127/PES blend ultrafiltration membrane were determined as follows: the mass ratio of PES/DMAC 15% F127 2, stirring time 24 h, stirring temperature 40 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2321851