【摘要】：近年石化行業(yè)中塔設(shè)備的數(shù)量在逐年增多,而且隨著生產(chǎn)需要,塔設(shè)備的高度也再增大,高徑比超過15的設(shè)備逐年增多。我國石化行業(yè)生產(chǎn)廠多建造在東南沿海和高海拔地區(qū),因此常年承受風(fēng)載在。由風(fēng)誘導(dǎo)振動(dòng)引起的塔設(shè)備破壞、失效和無法繼續(xù)投入使用的情況越來越多,因此研究大高頸比塔設(shè)備的減振措施具有一定的工程意義。本論文先對(duì)風(fēng)誘導(dǎo)振動(dòng)機(jī)理和降低振動(dòng)幅度措施進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)要介紹,然后重點(diǎn)研究調(diào)諧質(zhì)量阻尼器(Tuned Mass Damper,TMD)的降低振動(dòng)幅度機(jī)理和成效。本文以某石化高度為52m,內(nèi)徑為2.6m,筒體厚度為20mm的塔器作為研究對(duì)象,使用ANSYS數(shù)值模擬軟件,對(duì)該塔器進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)力強(qiáng)度校核、許用循環(huán)次數(shù)計(jì)算、固有頻率求解和諧響應(yīng)計(jì)算。并從TMD降低振動(dòng)機(jī)理和TMD實(shí)際使用面臨的難題出發(fā),設(shè)計(jì)環(huán)形調(diào)諧質(zhì)量阻尼器。并對(duì)其降低振動(dòng)幅度成效進(jìn)行了力學(xué)推導(dǎo)析和數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算。本論文主要結(jié)論如下:(1)本論文中的塔設(shè)備強(qiáng)度和載荷循環(huán)次數(shù)均遵從JB/T 4732-1995《鋼制壓力容器——分析設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》(2005年確認(rèn))規(guī)定。(2)塔設(shè)備在風(fēng)誘導(dǎo)振動(dòng)下的最大振幅為1598mm,必須采取一定的措施減小其振幅。(3)本論文設(shè)計(jì)的質(zhì)量環(huán)調(diào)諧質(zhì)量阻尼器可以不必考慮布置方案,并且對(duì)其安裝在塔設(shè)備上的減振效果進(jìn)行了穩(wěn)態(tài)諧響應(yīng)分析,ANSYS分析結(jié)果表明安裝環(huán)形TMD結(jié)構(gòu)后塔設(shè)備的最大振動(dòng)幅度為235mm,降低比率為85.3%,因此本論文設(shè)計(jì)的環(huán)形TMD結(jié)構(gòu)擁有良好的降低振動(dòng)幅度的成效。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the number of tower equipment in petrochemical industry is increasing year by year, and with the need of production, the height of tower equipment will increase again, and the equipment with a ratio of height to diameter more than 15 will increase year by year. Petrochemical industry production plants in China are built in southeast coastal areas and high-altitude areas, so the year-round wind load. Wind induced vibration caused by tower equipment damage, failure and can not be put into use more and more, so the study of large neck ratio tower equipment vibration reduction measures have a certain engineering significance. In this paper, the mechanism of wind-induced vibration and the measures to reduce vibration amplitude are briefly introduced, and then the mechanism and effect of the tuned mass damper (Tuned Mass Damper,TMD) in reducing vibration amplitude are studied. In this paper, a petrochemical tower with a height of 52 m, an inner diameter of 2.6 m and a cylinder thickness of 20mm is taken as the research object. The structural stress intensity of the tower is checked by using ANSYS numerical simulation software, and the cycle times are allowed to be calculated. The natural frequency is used to calculate the harmonic response. Based on the vibration reduction mechanism of TMD and the problems in practical application of TMD, a ring tuned mass damper is designed. The effect of reducing vibration amplitude is analyzed by mechanical analysis and numerical simulation. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) the strength of tower equipment and the number of loading cycles in this paper are in accordance with the JB/T 4732-1995 Standard for Analysis and Design of Steel pressure vessels (confirmed in 2005). (2) the maximum amplitude of tower equipment under wind-induced vibration is obtained. 1598mm, some measures must be taken to reduce its amplitude. (3) the mass ring tuned mass dampers designed in this paper need not consider the layout scheme. The static harmonic response of the tower equipment is analyzed. The results show that the maximum vibration amplitude of the tower installation is 235mm, and the reduction ratio is 85.3 mm. Therefore, the circular TMD designed in this paper is designed. The structure has good effect of reducing vibration amplitude.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京化工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TQ053.5;TE65

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