【摘要】：近年來，近海地質(zhì)環(huán)境問題越來越受到重視。在圍繞工程、環(huán)境、水文領(lǐng)域開展的調(diào)查中，水上走航式直流電阻率法成為有效的探測(cè)方法之一，理論研究和應(yīng)用實(shí)例都相對(duì)較多。但在深水環(huán)境中，，受高導(dǎo)的海水層影響，水上走航式多道直流電阻率法對(duì)水下目標(biāo)體的探測(cè)能力有限。而水下走航式電阻法卻能將更多的供電電流導(dǎo)入海床中，其有效探測(cè)深度明顯增大。目前國(guó)內(nèi)外開展的相關(guān)研究較少，開展水下走航式多道電阻率法采集技術(shù)研究和整套測(cè)量裝置研制對(duì)近海地質(zhì)環(huán)境探測(cè)技術(shù)具有巨大的推進(jìn)作用。 本文借鑒當(dāng)前電阻率最新采集技術(shù)，初步設(shè)計(jì)研制了水下走航式多道電阻率探測(cè)系統(tǒng)，給出了數(shù)據(jù)采集、處理方法；通過數(shù)值分析研究了影響系統(tǒng)對(duì)水下目標(biāo)體有效探測(cè)的因素；通過數(shù)值模擬、室內(nèi)試驗(yàn)以及原位試驗(yàn)測(cè)試了系統(tǒng)對(duì)海底淤積層、輸油管道、電纜及海底冷泉等典型目標(biāo)體的探測(cè)能力。 水下走航式多道電阻率測(cè)量系統(tǒng)主要包括數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)和多道電纜。其中多道電纜共有11個(gè)電極，供電電極A、B位于電纜首端（電極A、B可選擇使用），測(cè)量電極M1~M8以及公共測(cè)量電極N在電纜上等間距分布。在深水環(huán)境中（水深大于100m），系統(tǒng)采用AUV或ROV作為水下多道電纜的牽引動(dòng)力。而在淺水環(huán)境中（水深小于100m），水下多道電纜的牽引動(dòng)力直接來自于母船。數(shù)值模擬試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明：電極布設(shè)位置與采樣間隔是影響水下探測(cè)結(jié)果的主要因素，而水深與水層電阻率對(duì)水下異常體探測(cè)結(jié)果影響較小；可行性試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明走航式水下直流電阻率法對(duì)水下淤積層、海底管道以及海底冷泉有較好的探測(cè)效果。本論文的研究為水下走航式電阻率探測(cè)的實(shí)際應(yīng)用提供了技術(shù)與理論支持。
[Abstract]:In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the problems of offshore geological environment. In the investigation around the fields of engineering, environment and hydrology, the water navigation DC resistance method has become one of the effective detection methods, and there are relatively many theoretical research and application examples. However, in deep water environment, due to the influence of high conductivity sea water layer, the detection ability of multi-channel DC resistance method on water is limited. However, the underwater walking resistance method can introduce more power supply current into the seabed, and the effective detection depth is obviously increased. At present, there are few related research at home and abroad. The research of underwater walking multi-channel resistance method acquisition technology and the development of a whole set of measuring devices have great impetus to the offshore geological environment detection technology. In this paper, based on the latest resistivity acquisition technology, an underwater walking multi-channel resistance detection system is designed and developed, and the data acquisition and processing methods are given. The factors that affect the effective detection of underwater targets are studied by numerical analysis. The detection ability of the system to typical targets such as seafloor siltation layer, oil pipeline, cable and submarine cold spring is tested by numerical simulation, laboratory test and in situ test. Underwater walking multi-channel resistance measurement system mainly includes data acquisition system and multi-channel cable. There are 11 electrodes in many cables, and the power supply electrode A, B is located at the first end of the cable (electrode A, B can be selected for use). The measuring electrode M1~M8 and the common measuring electrode N are evenly spaced on the cable. In deep water environment (water depth is more than 100m), AUV or ROV is used as traction power of underwater multi-channel cable. In shallow water environment (water depth is less than 100m), the traction power of underwater multi-channel cable comes directly from the mother ship. The results of numerical simulation test show that the location and sampling interval of electrode arrangement are the main factors affecting the underwater detection results, while the water depth and water layer resistance have little effect on the detection results of underwater abnormal bodies, and the feasibility test results show that the underwater direct current resistance method has a good detection effect on underwater siltation layer, submarine pipeline and submarine cold spring, and the feasibility test results show that the electrode placement position and sampling interval are the main factors affecting the underwater detection results, while the water depth and water layer resistance have little effect on the underwater abnormal body detection results. The research in this paper provides technical and theoretical support for the practical application of underwater walking resistance detection.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：P714.6;X141

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