熱帶印度洋海平面低頻變化及機(jī)理研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-15 07:06
【摘要】：本文采用衛(wèi)星高度計數(shù)據(jù)、驗潮站數(shù)據(jù)以及海平面重構(gòu)數(shù)據(jù)較為系統(tǒng)的分析了熱帶印度洋海平面低頻變化特征；結(jié)合溫鹽、流場和風(fēng)場與海平面變化的關(guān)系，探討海平面年際變化機(jī)理。 熱帶印度洋海平面年際變化具有顯著的區(qū)域性特征，主要集中在西南熱帶印度洋和蘇門答臘-爪哇島沿岸，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差可達(dá)8cm。西南熱帶印度洋海平面變化滯后蘇門答臘-爪哇海區(qū)3個月時，相關(guān)系數(shù)達(dá)到最大負(fù)值-0.88，印度半島沿岸和澳大利亞西部沿岸的驗潮站海平面變化序列有很好的滯后關(guān)系。IOD（印度洋偶極子）和ENSO事件共同發(fā)生期間海平面變化較IOD事件期間更為顯著，IOD事件期間的海平面變化較ENSO事件期間強(qiáng)且范圍廣，ENSO事件期間的海平面變化則主要位于南熱帶印度洋。澳大利亞西岸海平面衛(wèi)星高度計數(shù)據(jù)、以及Fremantle驗潮站均與ENSO指數(shù)有很好相關(guān)關(guān)系，同步相關(guān)系數(shù)超過-0.6。海平面EOF第1模態(tài)的方差貢獻(xiàn)為44%，呈東西反向變化，第2模態(tài)則主要表現(xiàn)為“三明治”結(jié)構(gòu)。 熱帶印度洋海平面存在年代際變化，主要集中在年際變化顯著的海域（西南熱帶印度洋和蘇門答臘-爪哇海區(qū)）。海平面年代際變化具有顯著的空間差異，重構(gòu)數(shù)據(jù)顯示年代際變化空間分布與年際變化相似，且與太平洋年代際振蕩（PDO）有關(guān)。52年的重構(gòu)數(shù)據(jù)第1模態(tài)的方差貢獻(xiàn)為73%，與PDO指數(shù)呈負(fù)相關(guān)，分別在1974和1994年達(dá)到年代際的極值；澳大利亞西岸驗潮站海平面序列也與PDO密切相關(guān)，兩者的相關(guān)系數(shù)達(dá)到-0.75。 區(qū)域海平面年際變化的主要影響因素是比容效應(yīng)和大氣風(fēng)場強(qiáng)迫，，而海洋環(huán)流與凈熱通量在局部區(qū)域也有著重要作用。大氣風(fēng)場通過Ekman效應(yīng)和斜壓Rossby波影響海平面變化，且區(qū)域特征顯著。洋盆尺度上，斜壓Rossby的作用明顯大于局地Ekman效應(yīng)，前者能解釋30%的海平面年際變化；僅在阿拉伯海和南熱帶印度洋中部，風(fēng)場強(qiáng)迫的局地Ekman效應(yīng)對海平面年際變化的影響更為顯著。IOD和ENSO事件期間的風(fēng)場與海平面年際變化有重要聯(lián)系，使得ENSO事件期間的海平面年際變化偏南偏弱。洋盆尺度上，比容效應(yīng)能解釋至少50%的海平面變化。主溫躍層的抬升（下沉）伴隨海水的增溫（降溫），相應(yīng)出現(xiàn)海平面的抬升（下沉），海水溫度的垂直結(jié)構(gòu)變化與海平面年際變化有很好的一致性。熱帶印度洋大部分海域海表凈熱通量引起的海平面變化與實測海平面變化呈負(fù)相關(guān)，而在阿拉伯海域熱通量有重要作用。合成分析顯示，在西南熱帶印度洋出現(xiàn)逆時針流渦，與順時針的背景流場相反，IOD+ENSO事件期間最強(qiáng)，IOD事件期間次之，ENSO事件期間最弱；逆時針流場的存在使得在三種事件期間將會在西南熱帶印度洋產(chǎn)生海平面正異常，流場的輸運(yùn)對海平面變化有調(diào)整作用。印尼貫穿流與澳大利亞西岸海平面變化有密切關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:In this paper, satellite altimeter data, tide gauge data and sea level reconstruction data are used to analyze the characteristics of low frequency variation of sea level in tropical Indian Ocean, and the relationship between temperature and salt, current field and wind field and sea level change. The mechanism of interannual sea level variation is discussed. The interannual variation of sea level in the tropical Indian Ocean has obvious regional characteristics, mainly in the southwest tropical Indian Ocean and the coast of Sumatra and Java, with a standard deviation of up to 8 cm. When sea level changes in the tropical southwest Indian Ocean lag behind the Sumatra-Java Sea region for 3 months, The correlation coefficient reaches the maximum negative value -0.88. There is a good lag relationship between the series of sea level changes in the Indian Peninsula coast and the western coast of Australia. IOD (Indian Ocean Dipole) and ENSO events occurred together, the sea level change was higher than that of IOD. The sea level change during IOD event is stronger than that during ENSO event and the sea level change during ENSO event is mainly in the southern tropical Indian Ocean. The sea level altimeter data on the west coast of Australia and the Fremantle tide gauge are well correlated with the ENSO index, and the synchronous correlation coefficient is more than -0.6. The variance contribution of the first mode of sea level EOF is 44, which is inversely changed from east to west, and the second mode is mainly "sandwich" structure. Interdecadal sea level changes in the tropical Indian Ocean are mainly concentrated in the sea areas with significant interannual changes (tropical Indian Ocean and Sumatra-Java Sea region). The spatial distribution of decadal variation is similar to that of interannual variation, and the reconstructed data show that the spatial distribution of decadal variation is similar to that of interannual variation. The variance contribution of the first mode of the reconstructed data in 52 years is 73 and negatively correlated with the PDO exponent, reaching the Interdecadal extremum in 1974 and 1994, respectively. The sea level sequence of tide gauge stations in the west coast of Australia is also closely related to PDO, and the correlation coefficient between them is -0.75. The main influencing factors of regional sea level interannual variation are specific volume effect and atmospheric wind forcing, while ocean circulation and net heat flux also play an important role in the local area. The atmospheric wind field influences sea level changes through Ekman effect and baroclinic Rossby waves, and the regional characteristics are significant. On the scale of ocean basin, baroclinic Rossby plays a more important role than the local Ekman effect, the former can explain 30% of the interannual sea level change, only in the Arabian Sea and the central part of the southern tropical Indian Ocean. The effect of local Ekman effect of wind forcing on the interannual variation of sea level is more significant. IOD and the wind field during ENSO events are closely related to the interannual variation of sea level, which makes the interannual variation of sea level weaker to the south. On the scale of ocean basin, the specific volume effect can explain at least 50% of sea level change. The uplift (subsidence) of the main thermocline is accompanied by the temperature increase (cooling) of the sea water and the rise (subsidence) of the sea level. The vertical structure variation of the seawater temperature is in good agreement with the interannual variation of the sea level. The sea level change caused by sea surface net heat flux in most of the tropical Indian Ocean is negatively correlated with the measured sea level change, but plays an important role in Arab sea area. Synthesis analysis shows that in the southwest tropical Indian Ocean there is an anticlockwise current vortex, which is contrary to the clockwise background flow field, which is the weakest during the strongest IOD ENSO event and the second one during the ENSO event. The existence of counterclockwise flow field will lead to positive sea level anomalies in the southwest tropical Indian Ocean during the three events, and the transport of the current field can adjust the sea level change. Indonesian penetration is closely related to sea level changes in the west coast of Australia.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P731.23
本文編號：2123220
[Abstract]:In this paper, satellite altimeter data, tide gauge data and sea level reconstruction data are used to analyze the characteristics of low frequency variation of sea level in tropical Indian Ocean, and the relationship between temperature and salt, current field and wind field and sea level change. The mechanism of interannual sea level variation is discussed. The interannual variation of sea level in the tropical Indian Ocean has obvious regional characteristics, mainly in the southwest tropical Indian Ocean and the coast of Sumatra and Java, with a standard deviation of up to 8 cm. When sea level changes in the tropical southwest Indian Ocean lag behind the Sumatra-Java Sea region for 3 months, The correlation coefficient reaches the maximum negative value -0.88. There is a good lag relationship between the series of sea level changes in the Indian Peninsula coast and the western coast of Australia. IOD (Indian Ocean Dipole) and ENSO events occurred together, the sea level change was higher than that of IOD. The sea level change during IOD event is stronger than that during ENSO event and the sea level change during ENSO event is mainly in the southern tropical Indian Ocean. The sea level altimeter data on the west coast of Australia and the Fremantle tide gauge are well correlated with the ENSO index, and the synchronous correlation coefficient is more than -0.6. The variance contribution of the first mode of sea level EOF is 44, which is inversely changed from east to west, and the second mode is mainly "sandwich" structure. Interdecadal sea level changes in the tropical Indian Ocean are mainly concentrated in the sea areas with significant interannual changes (tropical Indian Ocean and Sumatra-Java Sea region). The spatial distribution of decadal variation is similar to that of interannual variation, and the reconstructed data show that the spatial distribution of decadal variation is similar to that of interannual variation. The variance contribution of the first mode of the reconstructed data in 52 years is 73 and negatively correlated with the PDO exponent, reaching the Interdecadal extremum in 1974 and 1994, respectively. The sea level sequence of tide gauge stations in the west coast of Australia is also closely related to PDO, and the correlation coefficient between them is -0.75. The main influencing factors of regional sea level interannual variation are specific volume effect and atmospheric wind forcing, while ocean circulation and net heat flux also play an important role in the local area. The atmospheric wind field influences sea level changes through Ekman effect and baroclinic Rossby waves, and the regional characteristics are significant. On the scale of ocean basin, baroclinic Rossby plays a more important role than the local Ekman effect, the former can explain 30% of the interannual sea level change, only in the Arabian Sea and the central part of the southern tropical Indian Ocean. The effect of local Ekman effect of wind forcing on the interannual variation of sea level is more significant. IOD and the wind field during ENSO events are closely related to the interannual variation of sea level, which makes the interannual variation of sea level weaker to the south. On the scale of ocean basin, the specific volume effect can explain at least 50% of sea level change. The uplift (subsidence) of the main thermocline is accompanied by the temperature increase (cooling) of the sea water and the rise (subsidence) of the sea level. The vertical structure variation of the seawater temperature is in good agreement with the interannual variation of the sea level. The sea level change caused by sea surface net heat flux in most of the tropical Indian Ocean is negatively correlated with the measured sea level change, but plays an important role in Arab sea area. Synthesis analysis shows that in the southwest tropical Indian Ocean there is an anticlockwise current vortex, which is contrary to the clockwise background flow field, which is the weakest during the strongest IOD ENSO event and the second one during the ENSO event. The existence of counterclockwise flow field will lead to positive sea level anomalies in the southwest tropical Indian Ocean during the three events, and the transport of the current field can adjust the sea level change. Indonesian penetration is closely related to sea level changes in the west coast of Australia.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P731.23
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條
1 陳海英,喬方利,王永剛;大洋Rossby波動緯向傳播速度的分布特征[J];海洋科學(xué)進(jìn)展;2003年04期
2 馮俊喬;白學(xué)志;陳永利;胡敦欣;;熱帶印度洋Rossby波的基本特征[J];海洋科學(xué)集刊;2010年00期
3 田暉,周天華,陳宗鏞;平均海面變化的一種隨機(jī)動態(tài)預(yù)測模型[J];青島海洋大學(xué)學(xué)報;1993年01期
本文編號：2123220
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