【摘要】：本文在區(qū)域構造及礦井構造特征分析的基礎上,系統采集典型構造煤樣品,并借助電感耦合等離子體質譜法(ICP-MS)和冷蒸汽-原子熒光光譜法(CVAFS)等先進測試方法,測定不同類型構造和不同變形程度構造煤中微量元素的含量;結合構造煤形成的應力-應變環(huán)境分析,探討了構造煤中微量元素的分布特征及應力敏感元素遷移、聚集的動力學機制,取得了以下主要成果和認識。(1)深入分析了祁東礦構造發(fā)育特征及其分布規(guī)律,定量評價了32煤層斷裂發(fā)育程度。祁東礦斷層較發(fā)育,走向多為NNE及NE向,褶皺發(fā)育較弱,層滑構造較為常見;礦井構造發(fā)育規(guī)模、方向性和分區(qū)性等方面具有一定規(guī)律性,構造規(guī)模以次級小構造為主,斷裂構造的展布具有等距性;現今構造格局是多期構造疊加和改造的結果;斷裂容量維高值區(qū)主要發(fā)育大中型斷層與小斷層均發(fā)育區(qū)或者小斷層密集發(fā)育區(qū)。(2)系統劃分了祁東礦構造煤類型,初步探討了構造煤變形的應力-應變環(huán)境。將祁東礦構造煤劃分為碎裂煤、碎斑煤、碎粒煤、碎粉煤、片狀煤、鱗片煤、揉皺煤和糜棱煤8類;根據應力作用及煤變形特征,構造煤變形的應力-應變環(huán)境可分為擠壓和拉張脆性碎裂變形環(huán)境、剪切脆性及脆韌性變形環(huán)境和剪切與擠壓韌性變形環(huán)境。(3)系統揭示了不同類型構造煤中微量元素的分布規(guī)律。通過32煤層不同類型構造煤中微量元素的分布特征分析,將構造煤中微量元素的分布分為線性遞增型、反“L”型、“N”型、“M”型和“W”型5種類型,探討了元素遷移聚集與構造煤變形程度的內在聯系。(4)揭示了敏感元素遷移、聚集的構造控制機理。構造應力作用是煤體變形的關鍵因素,也是煤中元素遷移聚集的主要推動力,是影響構造煤中應力敏感元素遷移的主導因素,控制著構造煤中敏感元素遷移的過程;不同類型構造形成了不同的物理化學環(huán)境,對元素的遷移聚集產生不同影響;不同類型構造中構造煤的發(fā)育規(guī)律不同,其實質是形成構造及構造煤的應力-應變環(huán)境存在差異,構造類型及其形成的應力-應變環(huán)境是導致不同類型的應力敏感元素分異的重要因素。
[Abstract]:Based on the analysis of the regional structure and the structural characteristics of the mine, the typical structural coal samples are collected systematically, and advanced testing methods such as inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectrometry (CVAFS) are used in this paper. The contents of trace elements in coal of different types of structures and different degrees of deformation were determined. Based on the stress-strain environment analysis of tectonic coal formation, the distribution characteristics of trace elements in tectonic coal and the dynamic mechanism of migration and accumulation of stress-sensitive elements are discussed. The main achievements and understandings are as follows: (1) the structural development characteristics and their distribution of Qidong Mine are analyzed, and the fault development degree of 32 coal seam is quantitatively evaluated. The faults of Qidong ore are relatively developed, the strike is NNE and NE, the fold is weak, and the layer-slip structure is more common. The development scale, directionality and zoning of mine structures have certain regularity, the scale of structures is dominated by minor structures, the distribution of fault structures is equidistant, and the present tectonic pattern is the result of the superposition and transformation of multi-stage structures. The fault capacity high value area is mainly developed in both large and medium faults and small faults or small fault dense areas. (2) the tectonic coal types in Qidong Mine are systematically divided and the stress-strain environment of tectonic coal deformation is preliminarily discussed. The tectonic coal of Qidong Mine is divided into 8 types: broken coal, broken spot coal, broken grain coal, pulverized coal, flake coal, scale coal, crumpled coal and mottled coal. According to the stress action and the characteristics of coal deformation, the stress-strain environment of tectonic coal deformation can be divided into extrusion and tensioning brittle fracture deformation environment. Shear brittleness and brittle ductile deformation environment and shearing and extruding ductile deformation environment. (3) the distribution of trace elements in different types of tectonic coals is revealed systematically. By analyzing the distribution characteristics of trace elements in different types of structural coal in 32 coal seam, the distribution of trace elements in structural coal is divided into five types: linear incremental type, inverse "L" type, "N" type, "M" type and "W" type. The internal relationship between the migration and accumulation of elements and the degree of deformation of tectonic coal is discussed. (4) the tectonic control mechanism of migration and accumulation of sensitive elements is revealed. Tectonic stress is the key factor of coal deformation and the main driving force of migration and accumulation of elements in coal. It is the leading factor that affects the migration of stress-sensitive elements in tectonic coal and controls the process of migration of sensitive elements in tectonic coal. Different types of structures form different physical and chemical environments, which have different effects on the migration and accumulation of elements. The development law of tectonic coal is different in different types of tectonics, the essence of which is the difference of tectonic formation and stress-strain environment of tectonic coal. Tectonic types and their stress-strain environments are important factors leading to the differentiation of different types of stress-sensitive elements.
【學位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P618.11

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本文編號：2323596