本文選題：汶川地震 + 甲烷　； 參考：《地學(xué)前緣》2017年03期

【摘要】：利用Aqua衛(wèi)星紅外探測器(AIRS)獲得的大氣甲烷濃度數(shù)據(jù)和康定、姑咱兩地震臺的氣溫數(shù)據(jù),研究了2008年汶川8.0級地震前后龍門山斷裂帶周邊大氣甲烷濃度的時空演化特征及其與氣溫的耦合關(guān)系。結(jié)果表明:自2004年起松潘—甘孜地塊上部便出現(xiàn)了顯著的甲烷濃度升高現(xiàn)象;大氣甲烷濃度變化受構(gòu)造活動控制明顯;隨著發(fā)震時刻的臨近,濃度的高值區(qū)自龍門山斷裂帶兩端逐漸向震中西側(cè)集中,地震當(dāng)天濃度達(dá)到最高值;大氣甲烷濃度的變化趨勢與地表氣溫變化一致,但時間上稍有滯后,反映出甲烷由地下上涌到地表,再運(yùn)移到高空的過程。最后,探討了震前大氣甲烷濃度變化的機(jī)理,認(rèn)為甲烷的釋放與殼幔應(yīng)力狀態(tài)以及上覆地殼裂隙的產(chǎn)生和擴(kuò)容有關(guān)。
[Abstract]:The atmospheric methane concentration data obtained from the Aqua satellite infrared detector (AIRS) and the temperature data from the two seismological stations, Kangding and Kangding, The temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of atmospheric methane concentration around the Longmenshan fault zone before and after the 2008 Wenchuan M8.0 earthquake and its coupling relationship with air temperature were studied. The results show that since 2004, there has been a significant increase in methane concentration in the upper part of Songpan-Ganzi block, and the change of atmospheric methane concentration is obviously controlled by tectonic activity. The high value area of the concentration gradually concentrates from the two ends of the Longmenshan fault zone to the west side of the epicenter, and the concentration of methane in the atmosphere reaches the highest value on the day of the earthquake, and the change trend of the atmospheric methane concentration is consistent with the change of the surface temperature, but the time is slightly behind. This reflects the movement of methane from the ground up to the surface, and then to the upper air. Finally, the mechanism of change of atmospheric methane concentration before earthquake is discussed. It is concluded that methane release is related to the stress state of crust and mantle and the generation and expansion of cracks in the overlying crust.
【作者單位】： 中國地震局地震研究所地震大地測量重點(diǎn)實驗室;中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(武漢)地球科學(xué)學(xué)院;教育部三峽庫區(qū)地質(zhì)災(zāi)害研究中心;華中構(gòu)造力學(xué)研究中心;
【基金】：中國地震局地震研究所所長基金項目(IS201556231)
【分類號】：P315.7

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